本文選題：沙漠旅游 + 客流規(guī)律��； 參考：《蘭州大學(xué)》2013年博士論文

【摘要】：我國的沙漠主要分布在新疆、甘肅、寧夏、內(nèi)蒙等西北地區(qū)。與東部發(fā)達(dá)地區(qū)相比,這些地區(qū)人口稀少、經(jīng)濟(jì)落后、生態(tài)脆弱,發(fā)展旅游業(yè)不僅僅可以拉動就業(yè)、促進(jìn)地方經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展、縮小地域貧富差距,而且對于沙漠地區(qū)歷史文化挖掘、生態(tài)環(huán)境改善、區(qū)域和諧發(fā)展等問題都會有很好的促進(jìn)作用。近些年來,我國沙漠旅游發(fā)展迅速,年接待量已經(jīng)超過500萬人次,出現(xiàn)了以寧夏沙坡頭景區(qū)、鳴沙山月牙泉景區(qū)為代表的一批全國知名的景點(diǎn)。在旅游接待量、旅游景區(qū)建設(shè)規(guī)模、旅游綜合收入等方面,沙漠旅游的發(fā)展速度已經(jīng)超過了我國旅游產(chǎn)業(yè)的整體發(fā)展速度。但對于沙漠旅游的理論研究卻相對滯后,特別是對我國沙漠旅游地發(fā)展基本特征的研究更加薄弱�；诖�,本文以探討我國沙漠旅游地發(fā)展模式為研究主線,從沙漠旅游資源類別、沙漠旅游地興起的條件、沙漠旅游地客流特征、沙漠旅游地生命周期四個方面,分析我國沙漠旅游地發(fā)展的基本特征,并在此基礎(chǔ)上提煉中國沙漠旅游地發(fā)展模式。利用沙漠旅游地發(fā)展模式的特征要素,構(gòu)建沙漠旅游地評價模型,并對各沙漠地區(qū)的旅游發(fā)展?jié)摿M(jìn)行評價,以此來確定各沙漠旅游地的發(fā)展方向。本文主要根據(jù)國家標(biāo)準(zhǔn)《旅游資源分類、調(diào)查與評價》的分類方法,對我國沙漠旅游資源類別進(jìn)行梳理,選擇鳴沙山、沙坡頭等五個典型沙漠旅游地分析我國沙漠旅游地的發(fā)展歷程和發(fā)展初期的特征。從經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展、國家政策、社會思潮等不同層面對沙漠旅游地高速發(fā)展的深層原因進(jìn)行分析。通過對典型沙漠旅游地的實(shí)際調(diào)研和旅游官方統(tǒng)計資料,對沙漠旅游地的游客人口學(xué)特征、時間分布特征、空間分布特征進(jìn)行分析。利用旅游地生命周期理論、旅游利益相關(guān)者理論對我國沙漠旅游地的生命周期進(jìn)行分析,并將志工旅游的產(chǎn)品設(shè)計思路引入到沙漠旅游產(chǎn)品的設(shè)計中來。使用德爾菲法、層次分析法確定沙漠旅游地評價因子及其權(quán)重,再從29個沙漠地區(qū)的統(tǒng)計年鑒、政府工作報告等資料上查找評價指標(biāo)數(shù)據(jù),對這些地區(qū)的沙漠旅游發(fā)展?jié)摿M(jìn)行評價。通過以上研究過程,得到如下結(jié)論：第一,我國沙漠旅游資源類型多樣、分布廣泛,自然類的沙漠旅游資源開發(fā)狀況明顯好于人文類旅游資源。第二,經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展、沙產(chǎn)業(yè)理論、后現(xiàn)代思潮、生態(tài)旅游風(fēng)尚,以及我國旅游產(chǎn)業(yè)大發(fā)展的宏觀環(huán)境,共同促成了沙漠旅游地的興起。第三,受旅游氣候、審美因素和節(jié)假日分布的影響,我國沙漠旅游地客流季節(jié)性特征明顯,客源距離和經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展水平是客流空間分布的主要影響因素。第四,沙漠旅游地利益相關(guān)者主要包括旅游者、旅游企業(yè)、政府部門、旅游從業(yè)者、當(dāng)?shù)厣鐓^(qū)、環(huán)保機(jī)構(gòu)、學(xué)術(shù)專家、新聞媒體,且不同生命周期階段,旅游利益相關(guān)者也不盡相同。第五,從時間維度上看,我國沙漠旅游地發(fā)展模式經(jīng)歷“資源-市場-形象-創(chuàng)新”四種導(dǎo)向模式階段；從結(jié)構(gòu)維度上看,我國沙漠旅游地發(fā)展模式可以概括為“以優(yōu)勢特色資源為發(fā)展前提,以政府積極參與為發(fā)展動力,以綜合性沙漠旅游景區(qū)為發(fā)展方向,以獲取經(jīng)濟(jì)效益、社會效益、生態(tài)效益為發(fā)展目標(biāo)”。第六,在目前的政策、經(jīng)濟(jì)條件下,可以把我國沙漠旅游區(qū)分為最優(yōu)潛力區(qū)、重要潛力區(qū)和一般潛力區(qū),并非所有的沙漠地區(qū)都適合發(fā)展沙漠旅游產(chǎn)業(yè)。本文研究總結(jié)了我國沙漠旅游地的發(fā)展模式,完善了沙漠旅游研究的理論體系,為我國高速發(fā)展的沙漠旅游產(chǎn)業(yè)提供必要的理論支持。研究結(jié)論對于沙漠旅游地科學(xué)規(guī)劃、培育戰(zhàn)略性旅游產(chǎn)業(yè)路徑具有重要的現(xiàn)實(shí)指導(dǎo)意義。
[Abstract]:The desert in China is mainly distributed in the northwest regions such as Xinjiang, Gansu, Ningxia and Inner Mongolia. Compared with the developed areas in the East, these areas have few population, backward economy and fragile ecology. The development of tourism can not only promote employment, promote the development of local economy, narrow the gap between the rich and the rich, but also excavate the history, culture and ecological ring of the desert area. In recent years, China's desert tourism has developed rapidly. In recent years, more than 5 million people have been received. There have been a number of famous scenic spots represented by the scenic spot of Shapotou in Ningxia and the scenic area of the Crescent Spring scenic area of Ming Sha mountain. The development speed of the desert tourism has exceeded the overall development speed of the tourism industry in China. However, the theoretical research on the desert tourism is relatively lagging, especially the research on the basic characteristics of the development of the desert tourism in our country. Based on this, this paper discusses the development model of the desert tourism in China as the research main. The line, from the category of desert tourism resources, the conditions of the rise of the desert tourism land, the characteristics of the passenger flow in the desert tourism land and the life cycle of the desert tourism area, the basic characteristics of the development of the desert tourist land in China are analyzed, and on this basis, the development model of the Chinese desert tourism land is refined. The characteristics of the development model of the desert tourism land are constructed and the desert is constructed. In order to determine the development direction of each desert tourist area, the tourist destination evaluation model is evaluated in order to determine the development direction of the desert tourism areas. This paper mainly according to the national standard "the classification of tourism resources, the investigation and evaluation >", combing the category of the desert tourism resources in our country, choosing the sand mountain and the five typical sand slope in the sand slope. This paper analyzes the development process and the characteristics of the early development of the desert tourist sites in China. It analyzes the deep causes of the high-speed development of the desert tourism areas from the economic development, the national policy and the social trend of thought. Through the actual investigation of the typical desert tourist sites and the statistics of the tourist officials, the tourist population of the desert tourist sites is analyzed. The characteristics of learning, time distribution and spatial distribution are analyzed. The life cycle of tourism land is analyzed by the theory of tourist land life cycle, the theory of tourism stakeholder theory is used to analyze the life cycle of the desert tourist areas in China, and the design ideas of the products of the volunteers are introduced into the design of the desert tourism products. The evaluation factor and its weight of the desert tourism land, and then from the statistical yearbook of 29 desert regions and the data of the government work report to evaluate the evaluation index data, and evaluate the development potential of the desert tourism in these areas. The development of desert tourism resources is obviously better than the humanistic tourism resources. Second, the economic development, the theory of sand industry, the post modern trend of thought, the ecotourism style, and the macro environment of the great development of the tourism industry in China have contributed to the rise of the desert tourism area. Third, the influence of the tourism climate, the aesthetic factors and the distribution of holidays, and the sand of our country. The seasonal characteristics of the tourist flow in the desert tourist destination are obvious, the distance of the tourists and the level of economic development are the main factors affecting the spatial distribution of the passenger flow. Fourth, the stakeholders of the desert tourism areas mainly include tourists, tourism enterprises, government departments, tourism practitioners, local communities, environmental protection machines, academic experts, news media, and different life cycle stages, The tourism stakeholders are not the same. Fifth, from the time dimension, the development model of the desert tourism in China has experienced the "resource market image innovation" stage. From the structural dimension, the development model of the desert tourism in China can be summarized as "the precondition of the development of the dominant resources and the active participation of the government." The development direction is the development direction of comprehensive desert tourist attractions in order to obtain economic, social and ecological benefits as the development goal. Sixth, under the current policy and economic conditions, the desert tourism in China can be divided into the optimal potential area, the important potential area and the general potential area, not all desert areas are suitable for the development of sand. This paper summarizes the development model of the desert tourist areas in China, perfects the theoretical system of the desert tourism research, and provides the necessary theoretical support for the rapid development of the desert tourism industry in China. The conclusions are of great practical significance for the scientific planning of the desert tourism land and the cultivation of the strategic tourism industry path.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：蘭州大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：F592.6

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