【摘要】：為了實(shí)現(xiàn)節(jié)能減排,政府改革了燃油稅并出臺(tái)了車(chē)船稅政策,以鼓勵(lì)使用低能耗的小排量汽車(chē).為了科學(xué)評(píng)價(jià)這兩種稅費(fèi)政策的實(shí)施效果,面向包含小汽車(chē)和公交車(chē)組成的多方式交通網(wǎng)絡(luò),利用網(wǎng)絡(luò)均衡原理和變分不等式理論,構(gòu)建了等價(jià)的多用戶、多準(zhǔn)則均衡變分不等式(Ⅵ)模型,設(shè)計(jì)了求解該模型的啟發(fā)式算法,并進(jìn)行了算例驗(yàn)證.利用所建立的模型分別研究了燃油稅和車(chē)船稅對(duì)交通網(wǎng)絡(luò)的成本-收益影響、公交出行分擔(dān)率以及對(duì)不同排量汽車(chē)用戶公平性的影響問(wèn)題.研究表明:提高燃油稅和車(chē)船稅的稅率,雖然有可能減少交通網(wǎng)絡(luò)的整體收益,但能提高公交分擔(dān)率,其中車(chē)船稅對(duì)公交分擔(dān)率邊際增加作用遞減;而不同的稅率將在出行成本方面影響出行者的公平性.
[Abstract]:To save energy and reduce emissions, the government has reformed fuel taxes and introduced taxes on cars and ships to encourage the use of low-energy, low-emission cars. In order to scientifically evaluate the effect of these two tax and fee policies, an equivalent multi-user network is constructed based on the theory of network equilibrium and variational inequality for the multi-mode traffic network consisting of cars and buses. A heuristic algorithm for solving the multicriteria equilibrium variational inequality (鈪，

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