發(fā)布時間：2018-03-22 05:16

  本文選題：北宋　切入點：北方　出處：《河北大學》2013年碩士論文　論文類型：學位論文

【摘要】：北宋時期，北方地區(qū)的交通建設有了進一步的發(fā)展，形成了以都城開封為中心通向各地的水陸交通網，為北方地區(qū)經濟的發(fā)展提供了良好的環(huán)境條件。 交通與城市的發(fā)展密不可分。宋初，隨著北方交通線路的不斷開拓和修整，飽經戰(zhàn)亂的城市又恢復了以往的生機，商業(yè)的繁榮遠遠超過了前代。大量的草市在水陸交通便利的地方滋長，有的甚至升格為具有一定規(guī)模的鎮(zhèn)。這些城鎮(zhèn)的崛起，將農村與城市、城市與城市之間的經濟緊緊相連。與此同時，城市內部坊市制度的廢除，使城市的經濟職能越來越明顯。 交通運輸業(yè)的發(fā)展，促使北方地區(qū)形成了四大區(qū)域市場，即華北市場、東部沿海市場、關中市場和西北沿邊市場。各地間的經濟聯系日益緊密，這也有利于農副產品的商品化。旅游業(yè)也隨著交通建設而發(fā)展起來，宋代旅游觀光的人數增多，觀光者的身份也更加大眾化。除游人外，宋代短期流動人口還有官員、考生和軍人，這促進了沿途旅館業(yè)蓬勃興起。 交通工具在運輸中發(fā)揮著重大作用。人們對交通工具的大量需求，刺激了交通工具租賃業(yè)的興盛。官府組織的綱運，多是租用民間車、船。私人出行，租賃驢、馬、車、船的現象也十分普遍。畜力交通工具的廣泛使用，也使北方畜牧業(yè)大大發(fā)展。 此外，北方交通建設有其自身的特點。軍事性是北方地區(qū)交通建設中最顯著的特征。另一個特點就是以陸路交通為主，這主要是由北方地區(qū)的地理條件決定的，尤其在西北地區(qū)更是如此。 總的來看，交通建設帶動了北方地區(qū)的農業(yè)、商業(yè)、城市、旅游業(yè)、交通工具租賃業(yè)等相關行業(yè)的發(fā)展，而這些行業(yè)的進步又反作用于交通建設，，不斷推動著交通及運輸業(yè)的改進。
[Abstract]:During the Northern Song Dynasty, the traffic construction in the northern region was further developed, forming a land and water transportation network with Kaifeng as the center, which provided a good environmental condition for the economic development of the northern region. Traffic is closely related to the development of cities. In the early Song Dynasty, with the continuous development and repair of northern traffic routes, the war-torn cities regained their former vitality. The prosperity of commerce far exceeded that of the previous generation. A large number of grass cities grew in places where land and water transportation were convenient, and some were even upgraded to towns of a certain size. The rise of these towns brought the countryside and the cities together. At the same time, with the abolition of the inner city system, the economic function of the city becomes more and more obvious. With the development of transportation and transportation, four regional markets have been formed in the northern region, namely, North China market, eastern coastal market, Guanzhong market and northwest border market. This is also conducive to the commercialization of agricultural and sideline products. Tourism has also developed with the construction of transportation. The number of tourists and tourists in the Song Dynasty has increased and the identity of tourists has become more popular. In addition to tourists, there were also officials among the short-term floating population in the Song Dynasty. Examinees and military personnel, this promoted along the way the booming hotel industry. Transportation plays an important role in transportation. People's demand for transportation has stimulated the prosperity of the transportation leasing industry. The official organizations are mainly engaged in renting civilian cars, boats, private trips, donkeys, horses, cars, etc. Ship phenomenon is also very common. The widespread use of livestock vehicles, but also greatly developed the northern animal husbandry. In addition, the construction of transportation in the north has its own characteristics. Military nature is the most prominent feature in the traffic construction in the northern region. Another characteristic is that land transportation is the main feature, which is mainly determined by the geographical conditions in the northern region. This is especially true in the Northwest Territories. In general, traffic construction has led to the development of agriculture, commerce, cities, tourism, transportation leasing and other related industries in the northern region, and the progress of these industries has been counterproductive to traffic construction. Continue to promote the improvement of transportation and transportation.
【學位授予單位】：河北大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：K244;F512.9

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