本文選題：交通運(yùn)輸規(guī)劃與管理　切入點(diǎn)：出租客運(yùn)　出處：《長(zhǎng)安大學(xué)》2013年博士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：城市出租客運(yùn)作為城市對(duì)外交流的“窗口”，，代表著城市的文明與社會(huì)形象，在城市發(fā)展中發(fā)揮著不可替代的作用。上世紀(jì)七八十年代以來(lái)，我國(guó)出租客運(yùn)行業(yè)經(jīng)歷了長(zhǎng)足發(fā)展，基本形成與城市發(fā)展相適應(yīng)的出租客運(yùn)行業(yè)規(guī)模，伴隨著城市居民收入水平的提高，出租客運(yùn)成為城市居民出行選擇的交通方式之一。政府為實(shí)現(xiàn)出租客運(yùn)行業(yè)健康穩(wěn)定發(fā)展，對(duì)該行業(yè)進(jìn)行嚴(yán)格規(guī)制，但是近年來(lái)出租客運(yùn)行業(yè)勞資矛盾不斷激化，集體罷運(yùn)事件屢有發(fā)生，出租客運(yùn)行業(yè)一再被推向輿論的風(fēng)口浪尖，成為社會(huì)關(guān)注度很高的行業(yè)，集體罷運(yùn)事件不僅影響到城市居民的正常生活，同時(shí)也引發(fā)政府對(duì)社會(huì)穩(wěn)定的擔(dān)憂。出租客運(yùn)行業(yè)發(fā)展中出現(xiàn)的問題，引發(fā)社會(huì)各界的廣泛關(guān)注，其中出租客運(yùn)行業(yè)的政府規(guī)制成為激烈討論的焦點(diǎn)問題，主流觀點(diǎn)的矛頭直指政府規(guī)制的失效，提出充分放松甚至解除政府規(guī)制才能夠使出租客運(yùn)行業(yè)回歸到發(fā)展正軌，但是本文并不同意現(xiàn)有主流觀點(diǎn)的分析。 為合理配置城市道路交通資源，以適當(dāng)?shù)囊?guī)制方式促進(jìn)出租客運(yùn)行業(yè)的穩(wěn)定、健康、可持續(xù)發(fā)展，本文以規(guī)制經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)的理論和方法為基礎(chǔ)，結(jié)合運(yùn)用政治學(xué)、法學(xué)、公共管理學(xué)、運(yùn)輸經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)等基本理論，采用對(duì)比研究與系統(tǒng)研究相結(jié)合、定性研究與定量研究相結(jié)合的方法對(duì)出租客運(yùn)行業(yè)中存在的問題進(jìn)行分析，在對(duì)行業(yè)屬性與定位研究基礎(chǔ)上，提出城市出租客運(yùn)發(fā)展應(yīng)融合在城市交通發(fā)展邏輯之中，應(yīng)服從并服務(wù)于最大限度滿足城市居民出行需求的基本立足點(diǎn)，同時(shí)充分考慮城市有限道路交通資源與消費(fèi)者選擇的雙重約束，以此為依據(jù)得出對(duì)城市出租客運(yùn)實(shí)施規(guī)制的必要性，進(jìn)而基于行業(yè)利益主體間的經(jīng)濟(jì)聯(lián)系設(shè)計(jì)出租客運(yùn)行業(yè)的規(guī)制方案，并構(gòu)建政府規(guī)制企業(yè)、企業(yè)規(guī)制車輛及其運(yùn)營(yíng)、行業(yè)協(xié)會(huì)協(xié)助政府開展質(zhì)量評(píng)價(jià)與監(jiān)督的出租客運(yùn)行業(yè)治理模式，作為政府規(guī)制方案落實(shí)的依托。運(yùn)用以上取得的理論成果，分析廣東出租客運(yùn)行業(yè)發(fā)展與規(guī)制演進(jìn)，以及發(fā)展中出現(xiàn)的問題，并對(duì)解決問題的對(duì)策進(jìn)行研究，作為理論研究的應(yīng)用。
[Abstract]:Urban rental passenger transport, as a "window" of the city's external exchange, represents the civilization and social image of the city and plays an irreplaceable role in the development of the city. Since 0th century, the passenger rental industry in China has experienced considerable development. With the improvement of income level of urban residents, rental passenger transport has become one of the modes of transportation for urban residents to choose. In order to realize the healthy and stable development of passenger rental transport industry, the government has formed the scale of taxi passenger transport industry, which is suitable for the development of the city. This industry is strictly regulated, but in recent years, the contradiction between labor and capital in the passenger rental industry has been intensified, the collective strike has occurred frequently, and the rental passenger transport industry has been pushed to the forefront of public opinion again and again, and has become an industry with a high degree of social concern. The collective strike not only affected the normal life of urban residents, but also caused the government's concern about social stability. The problems in the development of the passenger rental industry have aroused widespread concern from all walks of life. Among them, the government regulation of the passenger rental industry has become the focus of intense discussion. The mainstream view points out the failure of the government regulation, and puts forward that only by relaxing or even removing the government regulation can the taxi passenger transport industry return to the right track of development. However, this paper does not agree with the analysis of existing mainstream views. In order to reasonably allocate urban road traffic resources and promote the stable, healthy and sustainable development of the passenger rental industry by proper regulation, this paper is based on the theory and method of regulation economics, combined with the use of political science and law, Based on the basic theories of public management and transportation economics, this paper analyzes the problems existing in the taxi passenger transport industry by combining the comparative research with the systematic research, the qualitative research and the quantitative study. On the basis of the research on industry attributes and positioning, this paper puts forward that the development of urban rental passenger transport should be integrated into the logic of urban traffic development and serve the basic foothold of meeting the travel needs of urban residents to the maximum extent. At the same time, considering the dual constraints of urban limited road traffic resources and consumers' choice, the necessity of implementing regulation on urban rental passenger transport is obtained. Then, based on the economic relationship between industry stakeholders, the regulation scheme of passenger rental industry is designed, and the government regulation enterprises, enterprises regulate vehicles and their operations. The industry association helps the government to carry out the quality evaluation and supervision of the taxi passenger transport industry governance model, as the support of the implementation of the government regulation program. Using the above theoretical results, the paper analyzes the development and regulation evolution of Guangdong rental passenger transport industry. And the development of the problems, and the solution to the problem as a theoretical study of the application.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：長(zhǎng)安大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號(hào)】：F572.7;U492.434

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