哈爾濱市人居環(huán)境與經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展關(guān)系研究
發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-09-14 07:15
【摘要】：如何在發(fā)展經(jīng)濟(jì)的同時(shí)做到對(duì)環(huán)境的合理保護(hù)是人類(lèi)社會(huì)發(fā)展所面臨的永恒主題�！案镆詴r(shí)入山林，材木不可勝用也”，中國(guó)古人提倡“天人合一”的思想；保證資源和環(huán)境在代際之間能夠得到合理的分配、利用與保護(hù)，聯(lián)合國(guó)人類(lèi)環(huán)境會(huì)議提出了可持續(xù)發(fā)展的概念；十七大進(jìn)一步地將建設(shè)“資源節(jié)約型、環(huán)境友好型”社會(huì)寫(xiě)入“十二五”規(guī)劃，從而將思想落實(shí)到行動(dòng)中來(lái)。城市是現(xiàn)代文明的重要標(biāo)志，也是人類(lèi)與自然環(huán)境相互作用最激烈的地方。因此要正確地處理人與自然的關(guān)系，首先就要處理好城市人居環(huán)境與經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展的關(guān)系。 改革開(kāi)放以來(lái)，我國(guó)各大城市的經(jīng)濟(jì)建設(shè)事業(yè)蓬勃發(fā)展，人們的生活水平顯著提高。然而，在盲目地追求GDP增長(zhǎng)的同時(shí)，我們卻忽視了對(duì)環(huán)境的保護(hù)，從而導(dǎo)致城市人居環(huán)境問(wèn)題越來(lái)越突出。哈爾濱市作為黑龍江省的省會(huì)，是中國(guó)東北部重要的政治中心、經(jīng)濟(jì)中心、文化中心和交通中心�！笆晃濉睍r(shí)期，全市GDP總值從17964000萬(wàn)元增至36650000萬(wàn)元，年均增長(zhǎng)率達(dá)13.5%；人均GDP總值從2790美元增加到5583美元，年均增長(zhǎng)率達(dá)13%。然而，哈爾濱市與我國(guó)的大多數(shù)城市一樣，在經(jīng)濟(jì)快速增長(zhǎng)的過(guò)程中也出現(xiàn)了環(huán)境污染嚴(yán)重、資源急劇短缺、交通擁擠、基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施不健全等問(wèn)題，這些問(wèn)題嚴(yán)重地威脅著哈爾濱市的人居環(huán)境，同時(shí)也制約了哈爾濱市經(jīng)濟(jì)的可持續(xù)發(fā)展。 在人居環(huán)境和經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展理論的指導(dǎo)下，分析了哈爾濱市人居環(huán)境與經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展的關(guān)系。首先從整體上對(duì)哈爾濱市人居環(huán)境和經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展情況進(jìn)行了定性分析。然后，采用主成分分析以及計(jì)量經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)的有關(guān)方法對(duì)1995-2009年哈爾濱市的人居環(huán)境與經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展情況進(jìn)行研究。最終得出以下結(jié)論：受綠化和教育水平、社會(huì)治安、醫(yī)療衛(wèi)生和食品供應(yīng)等主成分的影響，1995-2009年哈爾濱市人居環(huán)境發(fā)展大致經(jīng)歷了兩個(gè)階段，即1995-2002年人居環(huán)境明顯改善階段和2003-2009年人居環(huán)境平穩(wěn)發(fā)展階段；1995-2002年哈爾濱市人居環(huán)境與經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展存在著協(xié)整關(guān)系，2003-2009年哈爾濱市人居環(huán)境和經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展并不存在協(xié)調(diào)發(fā)展的關(guān)系；哈爾濱市人居環(huán)境改善是其經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展的原因，相反，哈爾濱市經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展卻沒(méi)有為其人居環(huán)境的改善做出應(yīng)有的貢獻(xiàn)。最后，基于實(shí)證分析的結(jié)果，，有的放矢地提出了促進(jìn)哈爾濱市人居環(huán)境與經(jīng)濟(jì)協(xié)調(diào)發(fā)展的政策與建議，以期為政府部門(mén)制定相關(guān)措施提供理論依據(jù)。
[Abstract]:How to protect the environment reasonably while developing economy is the eternal theme of the development of human society. The ancient Chinese advocated the idea of "harmony of nature and man," and ensured that resources and environment could be rationally distributed, utilized and protected between generations. The United Nations Conference on the Human Environment put forward the concept of sustainable development, and the 17th National Congress of the United Nations further put the construction of "resource-conserving, environment-friendly" society into the 12th Five-Year Plan, so as to put the thought into practice. City is an important symbol of modern civilization and the most intense interaction between human beings and natural environment. Therefore, to deal with the relationship between man and nature correctly, we must first deal with the relationship between urban human settlement environment and economic development. Since the reform and opening up, the economic construction of major cities in China has developed vigorously, and people's living standards have improved significantly. However, while blindly pursuing the growth of GDP, we neglect the protection of the environment, which leads to the problem of urban human settlement environment becoming more and more prominent. As the capital of Heilongjiang Province, Harbin is an important political center, economic center, cultural center and transportation center in northeast China. During the 11th Five-Year Plan period, the total value of GDP in the whole city increased from 179.64 billion yuan to 366.5 billion yuan, with an average annual growth rate of 13.50.The total per capita GDP value increased from US $2790 to US $5583, with an average annual growth rate of US $13.5. However, like most cities in our country, Harbin, like most cities in our country, also has problems in the process of rapid economic growth, such as serious environmental pollution, sharp shortage of resources, traffic congestion, unsound infrastructure, and so on. These problems seriously threaten the living environment of Harbin and restrict the sustainable development of Harbin economy. Under the guidance of the theory of human settlement environment and economic development, this paper analyzes the relationship between living environment and economic development in Harbin. First of all, the paper qualitatively analyzes the living environment and economic development of Harbin. Then, the principal component analysis and econometric methods are used to study the living environment and economic development of Harbin from 1995 to 2009. Finally, the following conclusions are drawn: affected by the principal components such as greening and education level, social security, medical and health care and food supply, the development of the residential environment in Harbin has roughly experienced two stages from 1995 to 2009. That is to say, there is a cointegration relationship between the habitat environment and economic development in Harbin from 1995 to 2002 in the stage of obvious improvement of human settlement environment and stable development stage of human settlement environment in 2003-2009. There is no harmonious development relationship between human settlement environment and economic development in Harbin from 2003 to 2009. The improvement of the living environment of Harbin is the reason of its economic development, on the contrary, the economic development of Harbin has not made its due contribution to the improvement of the living environment. Finally, based on the results of the empirical analysis, the paper puts forward the policies and suggestions to promote the harmonious development of the environment and economy of Harbin, in order to provide the theoretical basis for the government departments to formulate the relevant measures.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：哈爾濱工業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：F062.2
本文編號(hào)：2241959
[Abstract]:How to protect the environment reasonably while developing economy is the eternal theme of the development of human society. The ancient Chinese advocated the idea of "harmony of nature and man," and ensured that resources and environment could be rationally distributed, utilized and protected between generations. The United Nations Conference on the Human Environment put forward the concept of sustainable development, and the 17th National Congress of the United Nations further put the construction of "resource-conserving, environment-friendly" society into the 12th Five-Year Plan, so as to put the thought into practice. City is an important symbol of modern civilization and the most intense interaction between human beings and natural environment. Therefore, to deal with the relationship between man and nature correctly, we must first deal with the relationship between urban human settlement environment and economic development. Since the reform and opening up, the economic construction of major cities in China has developed vigorously, and people's living standards have improved significantly. However, while blindly pursuing the growth of GDP, we neglect the protection of the environment, which leads to the problem of urban human settlement environment becoming more and more prominent. As the capital of Heilongjiang Province, Harbin is an important political center, economic center, cultural center and transportation center in northeast China. During the 11th Five-Year Plan period, the total value of GDP in the whole city increased from 179.64 billion yuan to 366.5 billion yuan, with an average annual growth rate of 13.50.The total per capita GDP value increased from US $2790 to US $5583, with an average annual growth rate of US $13.5. However, like most cities in our country, Harbin, like most cities in our country, also has problems in the process of rapid economic growth, such as serious environmental pollution, sharp shortage of resources, traffic congestion, unsound infrastructure, and so on. These problems seriously threaten the living environment of Harbin and restrict the sustainable development of Harbin economy. Under the guidance of the theory of human settlement environment and economic development, this paper analyzes the relationship between living environment and economic development in Harbin. First of all, the paper qualitatively analyzes the living environment and economic development of Harbin. Then, the principal component analysis and econometric methods are used to study the living environment and economic development of Harbin from 1995 to 2009. Finally, the following conclusions are drawn: affected by the principal components such as greening and education level, social security, medical and health care and food supply, the development of the residential environment in Harbin has roughly experienced two stages from 1995 to 2009. That is to say, there is a cointegration relationship between the habitat environment and economic development in Harbin from 1995 to 2002 in the stage of obvious improvement of human settlement environment and stable development stage of human settlement environment in 2003-2009. There is no harmonious development relationship between human settlement environment and economic development in Harbin from 2003 to 2009. The improvement of the living environment of Harbin is the reason of its economic development, on the contrary, the economic development of Harbin has not made its due contribution to the improvement of the living environment. Finally, based on the results of the empirical analysis, the paper puts forward the policies and suggestions to promote the harmonious development of the environment and economy of Harbin, in order to provide the theoretical basis for the government departments to formulate the relevant measures.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：哈爾濱工業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：F062.2
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本文編號(hào)：2241959
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