本文選題：經(jīng)濟學(xué)哲學(xué) + 經(jīng)濟學(xué)方法論　； 參考：《湘潭大學(xué)》2006年碩士論文

【摘要】： 西方主流經(jīng)濟學(xué)的方法論發(fā)展經(jīng)歷了四個階段:前實證主義階段;實證主義階段;波普爾證偽主義階段;歷史主義階段。從總體上來說,當(dāng)前經(jīng)濟學(xué)方法論的研究處于從實證主義向歷史主義和整體主義轉(zhuǎn)變的時期。 20世紀(jì)80年代,科學(xué)哲學(xué)方法論中的拉卡托斯的精致證偽主義掀起了經(jīng)濟學(xué)界關(guān)于經(jīng)濟學(xué)方法論的大討論和研究熱潮,因為拉卡托斯的思想是在融合了波普爾的樸素證偽主義與庫恩的歷史主義的方法論基礎(chǔ)上形成的,他的理論比波普爾樸素證偽主義更適合在經(jīng)濟學(xué)方法論中應(yīng)用。拉卡托斯認(rèn)為科學(xué)理論都是復(fù)雜的,是一個有內(nèi)在結(jié)構(gòu)的整體,它是由許多理論組成的理論系列。他提出了“科學(xué)研究綱領(lǐng)”這樣一個理論體系作為理論評價的基本單位,一個科學(xué)研究綱領(lǐng)就是一系列的具有明顯的連續(xù)性聯(lián)系在一起的理論,它必須具有三個特征:它有一個公有的硬核,有一保護(hù)硬核的輔助保護(hù)帶,以及指導(dǎo)科學(xué)綱領(lǐng)未來發(fā)展的啟發(fā)法。如果一個理論系列的經(jīng)驗內(nèi)容在增長,那么,它就是科學(xué)的,這就使科學(xué)與非科學(xué)分界標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的合理性問題更好地符合了科學(xué)史。而且,拉卡托斯闡述了關(guān)于“科學(xué)哲學(xué)與科學(xué)史相結(jié)合”的重要思想。他的科學(xué)研究綱領(lǐng)方法論汲取了科學(xué)哲學(xué)中主流方法論的合理性和精華,具有代表意義,標(biāo)志著當(dāng)代西方科學(xué)方法論的發(fā)展進(jìn)入了“邏輯與歷史相統(tǒng)一”的新階段,對經(jīng)濟學(xué)方法論的研究具有重要的啟迪性。 本文力圖揭示拉卡托斯的精致證偽主義的方法論對經(jīng)濟學(xué)方法論的影響,通過梳理科學(xué)研究綱領(lǐng)方法論在經(jīng)濟學(xué)中的應(yīng)用情況,反思其進(jìn)步性以及局限性,歸納出其方法論的正面和反面的啟發(fā)意義。從經(jīng)濟學(xué)方法論的角度,為我國經(jīng)濟體制轉(zhuǎn)型期的經(jīng)濟學(xué)理論體系的構(gòu)建提供幾點本人的建議和意見來供參考。希望中國特色經(jīng)濟學(xué)理論在馬克思經(jīng)濟學(xué)方法論的指導(dǎo)下,能夠解決和預(yù)見市場經(jīng)濟體系完善過程中出現(xiàn)的各種現(xiàn)實問題,更好地為我國構(gòu)建社會主義的和諧社會服務(wù)。
[Abstract]:The methodology development of western mainstream economics has experienced four stages: pre-positivism stage, Popper falsification stage and historicism stage. Generally speaking, the current research on economics methodology is in the period of transition from positivism to historicism and holism. The refined falsification of Lakatos in the methodology of philosophy of science set off an upsurge of discussion and research on the methodology of economics in the field of economics. Because Lakatos's theory is formed on the basis of integrating Popper's naive falsification with Kuhn's historicism, his theory is more suitable for application in economic methodology than Popper's. Lakatos believes that scientific theories are complex and a whole with internal structure. It is a series of theories composed of many theories. He put forward a theoretical system of "Scientific Research Program" as the basic unit of theoretical evaluation. A scientific research program is a series of theories with obvious continuity. It must have three characteristics: it has a public hard core, an auxiliary protective band to protect the hard core, and an heuristic method to guide the future development of the scientific program. If the empirical content of a theoretical series is growing, then it is scientific, which makes the rationality of the dividing standard between science and non-science better accord with the history of science. Moreover, Lakatos elaborated the important thought about the combination of philosophy of science and history of science. His methodology of scientific research program has absorbed the rationality and essence of the mainstream methodology in philosophy of science, and has the representative meaning. It marks the new stage of the development of contemporary western scientific methodology, which is "the unity of logic and history". The study of economics methodology has important enlightenment. This paper tries to reveal the influence of Lakatos's methodology of refined falsification on the methodology of economics, and by combing the application of methodology of scientific research program in economics, this paper reflects on its progress and limitation. The positive and negative implications of its methodology are summed up. From the angle of economic methodology, this paper provides some suggestions and suggestions for the construction of economic theory system in the transition period of economic system of our country. It is hoped that the theory of economics with Chinese characteristics, guided by the methodology of Marxist economics, can solve and foresee all kinds of practical problems in the process of perfecting the market economy system, and better serve the construction of a harmonious socialist society in our country.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：湘潭大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2006
【分類號】：F091.3

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