【摘要】：隨著我國物流市場競爭的日趨激烈,如何有效的控制成本,提高單位成本收益,越來越受到企業(yè)的重視,為此,企業(yè)引進了標準工時的使用。但是由于標準工時的測算流程和規(guī)則復(fù)雜多變,所以當現(xiàn)場作業(yè)流程有所變更的時候,標準工時的測算也就顯得不便,參數(shù)容易漏考慮,導(dǎo)致測算出的工時和實際差別較大。企業(yè)管理信息化作為提升企業(yè)競爭力的必要手段,很多企業(yè)都在管理過程和作業(yè)過程中采用了信息化手法。但是目前計算機系統(tǒng)在標準工時測算方面的應(yīng)用遠遠落后于其他領(lǐng)域,所以相當多的企業(yè)仍然采用人工計算的方式測算標準工時。要實現(xiàn)標準工時測算的現(xiàn)代管理方法,需要采用信息化手段,最大程度的簡化計算過程,減少人為因素的干擾,實現(xiàn)標準工時的計算機管理,保證標準工時的測算公平、合理,以適應(yīng)企業(yè)信息化建設(shè)的發(fā)展。因此,實現(xiàn)標準工時測算工作信息化對企業(yè)而言是目前迫切需要解決的課題。本文通過對現(xiàn)有標準工時測算方法的研究,結(jié)合計算機系統(tǒng)所具有高效的運算能力和圖形處理能力的優(yōu)勢,建立適合汽車零部件物流企業(yè)標準工時測算系統(tǒng)的數(shù)學模型。對于汽車零部件物流標準工時測算工作而言,在零部件運輸環(huán)節(jié)所耗費的工時的測算工作占據(jù)了較為重要的部分,本文針對這個問題進行深入研究,采用了全新的概念,高效的實現(xiàn)了最優(yōu)路徑的求解,將搜索區(qū)域劃分為多個單元格,并對每個單元格設(shè)置屬性,對擁有節(jié)點屬性的單元格有序標注,再把各個節(jié)點之間的連通性表現(xiàn)在矩陣中,這里引進了節(jié)點維度的概念,通過對矩陣的多重外積運算得到相應(yīng)維度的所有的路徑集,再在路徑集中進行條件篩選即可求得最優(yōu)路徑。本文通過分析標準工時測算系統(tǒng)的數(shù)學模型,確認了系統(tǒng)的功能需求,并根據(jù)功能需求建立了系統(tǒng)的功能模塊。本文完成了標準工時測算系統(tǒng)總體架構(gòu)的設(shè)計,并且采用了C#技術(shù)和ORACLE數(shù)據(jù)庫完成了基于模型調(diào)用方法和最優(yōu)路徑求解理論的系統(tǒng)實現(xiàn)。本文首先對國內(nèi)外標準工時以及標準工時測算系統(tǒng)的研究現(xiàn)狀作了說明,其次闡述了汽車物流企業(yè)作業(yè)七個基本功能和目前在企業(yè)中通用標準工時測算方法,并對本文采用的標準工時測算方法按照步驟進行說明。再次通過分析標準工時測算系統(tǒng)的流程,建立了相應(yīng)的數(shù)學模型,并對測算系統(tǒng)中的關(guān)鍵技術(shù)-最優(yōu)路徑求解的方法進行研究與說明,然后設(shè)計了系統(tǒng)功能模塊和系統(tǒng)總體架構(gòu),建立了相關(guān)數(shù)據(jù)庫表,最后完成了零部件物流標準工時測算系統(tǒng)的開發(fā)。
[Abstract]:With the increasingly fierce competition in the logistics market in our country, how to effectively control the cost and improve the unit cost benefit has been paid more and more attention by the enterprises. Therefore, the enterprise has introduced the use of standard working hours. However, the calculation process and rules of standard working hours are complex and changeable, so the calculation of standard working hours is inconvenient when the work flow is changed, and the parameters are easy to be missed, which leads to the great difference between the measured hours and the actual work hours. As a necessary means to enhance the competitiveness of enterprises, many enterprises adopt information technology in the process of management and operation. But at present, the application of computer system in the standard man-hour calculation is far behind other fields, so quite a lot of enterprises still use manual calculation method to calculate the standard man-hour. In order to realize the modern management method of standard man-hour calculation, we need to adopt the information method, simplify the calculation process to the greatest extent, reduce the interference of human factors, realize the computer management of standard man-hour, and ensure that the calculation of standard man-hour is fair and reasonable. In order to adapt to the development of enterprise information construction. Therefore, it is an urgent task for enterprises to realize the information of standard man-hour calculation. Based on the research of the existing standard man-hour calculation methods and combining the advantages of the computer system with the high efficiency calculation ability and the graphic processing ability, the mathematical model suitable for the standard man-hour calculation system of the automobile parts logistics enterprises is established in this paper. For the calculation of standard working hours of automobile parts logistics, the calculation of hours consumed in the transportation of parts and components occupies a relatively important part. This paper makes a thorough study on this problem and adopts a new concept. The optimal path is solved efficiently, the search area is divided into multiple cells, and each cell is set up properties, and the cells with node attributes are annotated in order, and the connectivity of each node is represented in the matrix. The concept of nodal dimension is introduced in this paper. All the path sets of the corresponding dimension can be obtained by the multiple outer product operation of the matrix, and then the optimal path can be obtained by conditional screening in the path set. By analyzing the mathematical model of the standard man-hour measurement system, the functional requirements of the system are confirmed, and the functional modules of the system are established according to the functional requirements. In this paper, the architecture of the standard man-hour measurement system is designed, and the implementation of the system based on the method of model calling and the theory of optimal path solving is accomplished by using C # technology and ORACLE database. In this paper, the current research status of standard man-hour and standard man-hour measurement system at home and abroad is explained, and then the seven basic functions of automobile logistics enterprise's operation and the general standard man-hour calculation method in enterprises are expounded. The standard man-hour calculation method adopted in this paper is explained according to the steps. Thirdly, by analyzing the flow of the standard man-hour measurement system, the corresponding mathematical model is established, and the method of solving the optimal path, which is the key technology in the system, is studied and explained. Then, the system function module and system architecture are designed, and the related database table is established. Finally, the development of the standard man-hour calculation system for parts logistics is completed.
【學位授予單位】：上海交通大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：F259.23;TP311.52

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本文編號：2425512