本文選題：離岸服務(wù)外包 + 就業(yè)量��； 參考：《西南財(cái)經(jīng)大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文

【摘要】：隨著國(guó)際產(chǎn)業(yè)的轉(zhuǎn)移,全球經(jīng)濟(jì)的格局發(fā)生了變化,從最初的高能耗、低效率的傳統(tǒng)制造業(yè)向低污染、高附加值的現(xiàn)代服務(wù)業(yè)轉(zhuǎn)移。離岸服務(wù)外包作為現(xiàn)代服務(wù)業(yè)轉(zhuǎn)移的主體形式,已然成為現(xiàn)時(shí)期全球經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)的新引擎。由于離岸服務(wù)外包具有科學(xué)技術(shù)含量大、高附加值、低污染、低能耗等品質(zhì),可以吸納到更多高素質(zhì)人才就業(yè)。因此,發(fā)展離岸服務(wù)外包對(duì)于一個(gè)國(guó)家產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)和就業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)的改善有著重要的意義。中國(guó)作為世界上人口最多的國(guó)家,勞動(dòng)人口眾多,使得我國(guó)的就業(yè)壓力很大。在國(guó)家十二五規(guī)劃綱要中,解決勞動(dòng)力就業(yè)問(wèn)題,尤其是高校畢業(yè)生的就業(yè)始終是政府關(guān)注的焦點(diǎn)。中國(guó)作為離岸服務(wù)外包的主要發(fā)包國(guó)和承接國(guó),理清離岸服務(wù)外包對(duì)國(guó)內(nèi)就業(yè)的影響,對(duì)于緩解中國(guó)就業(yè)矛盾和優(yōu)化就業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu),有著重要的現(xiàn)實(shí)意義。本文以此為關(guān)注點(diǎn)展開研究,分為以下五個(gè)部分： 第一部分為緒論。主要介紹了本文研究的背景、目的和意義,以及本文可能的創(chuàng)新之處和不足。本文的創(chuàng)新之處主要體現(xiàn)在以下三點(diǎn)：首先,關(guān)于離岸服務(wù)外包的研究雖多,但大多集中于離岸服務(wù)外包發(fā)展的動(dòng)機(jī)原因、以及離岸服務(wù)外包帶來(lái)的經(jīng)濟(jì)效應(yīng)等理論層面上,而就離岸服務(wù)外包對(duì)就業(yè)的影響進(jìn)行實(shí)證分析的研究則較少。其次,從發(fā)達(dá)國(guó)家的視角進(jìn)行探討,離岸服務(wù)外包就業(yè)效應(yīng)的研究很多,但少有學(xué)者從發(fā)展中國(guó)家的視角,對(duì)離岸服務(wù)外包的就業(yè)效應(yīng)進(jìn)行研究。并且,就國(guó)內(nèi)離岸服務(wù)外包就業(yè)效應(yīng)的研究,多數(shù)研究集中在對(duì)外服務(wù)發(fā)包對(duì)就業(yè)量的影響分析上,關(guān)于對(duì)外服務(wù)承接對(duì)就業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)的影響分析甚少。最后,本文構(gòu)建了一個(gè)分析離岸服務(wù)外包對(duì)一國(guó)就業(yè)量和就業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)的影響機(jī)制理論模型,為更好地分析離岸服務(wù)發(fā)包和離岸服務(wù)接包對(duì)我國(guó)就業(yè)市場(chǎng)的影響提供一個(gè)平臺(tái)。為此,本研究以中國(guó)離岸服務(wù)外包作為研究對(duì)象,立足于國(guó)內(nèi)服務(wù)行業(yè)現(xiàn)實(shí)就業(yè)數(shù)據(jù),從發(fā)包國(guó)和承接國(guó)的角度,分別就中國(guó)離岸服務(wù)外包對(duì)國(guó)內(nèi)就業(yè)量和就業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)的影響進(jìn)行理論和實(shí)證方面的分析。旨在經(jīng)濟(jì)全球化和國(guó)際產(chǎn)業(yè)轉(zhuǎn)移的背景下,為中國(guó)如何積極的利用離岸服務(wù)外包來(lái)促進(jìn)就業(yè)提供理論依據(jù)。 第二部分為文獻(xiàn)綜述和理論分析部分。本章首先對(duì)外包、服務(wù)外包的概念和分類作了界定,旨在明確本文相關(guān)研究對(duì)象。繼而從發(fā)包國(guó)和承接國(guó)的視角,對(duì)國(guó)內(nèi)外學(xué)者關(guān)于離岸服務(wù)外包就業(yè)效應(yīng)的相關(guān)文獻(xiàn)進(jìn)行了回顧。從研究成果來(lái)看,更多研究著眼于離岸服務(wù)外包對(duì)一個(gè)國(guó)家就業(yè)數(shù)量的影響,關(guān)于離岸服務(wù)外包對(duì)就業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)的影響研究較少。并且,關(guān)于離岸服務(wù)外包對(duì)發(fā)包國(guó)就業(yè)數(shù)量的影響尚未達(dá)成統(tǒng)一結(jié)論,但越來(lái)越多的學(xué)者認(rèn)為,離岸服務(wù)外包對(duì)就業(yè)的影響很小,并基本肯定了服務(wù)外包對(duì)長(zhǎng)期就業(yè)市場(chǎng)有著正向促進(jìn)作用；關(guān)于離岸服務(wù)外包對(duì)承接國(guó)就業(yè)數(shù)量的影響,普遍學(xué)者認(rèn)為,承接離岸服務(wù)外包對(duì)一國(guó)就業(yè)存在正的效應(yīng)。最后,在此基礎(chǔ)上,筆者總結(jié)了離岸服務(wù)外包對(duì)一國(guó)就業(yè)量以及就業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)的影響機(jī)制,為下文的分析奠定理論基礎(chǔ)。 第三部分是定性研究部分。在這一部分中,筆者將對(duì)全球和中國(guó)離岸服務(wù)外包以及中國(guó)國(guó)內(nèi)就業(yè)市場(chǎng)的發(fā)展現(xiàn)狀進(jìn)行分析。首先通過(guò)離岸服務(wù)外包發(fā)展的總體概況和市場(chǎng)結(jié)構(gòu)兩個(gè)方面來(lái)分析全球和中國(guó)離岸服務(wù)外包產(chǎn)業(yè)的發(fā)展現(xiàn)狀。對(duì)比可以發(fā)現(xiàn),盡管近年來(lái)在國(guó)家政府的大力扶持下,中國(guó)離岸服務(wù)外包產(chǎn)業(yè)得到了長(zhǎng)足發(fā)展,市場(chǎng)規(guī)模逐年遞增,現(xiàn)已成為繼印度后,全球第二大離岸服務(wù)外包承接地。但是,由于我國(guó)離岸服務(wù)外包產(chǎn)業(yè)起步較晚,與發(fā)達(dá)國(guó)家相比,還存在很大差距,主要表現(xiàn)在離岸服務(wù)外包規(guī)模較小,離岸服務(wù)外包業(yè)務(wù)多為中低端產(chǎn)業(yè),離岸服務(wù)外包企業(yè)整體競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力不足等等。繼而從就業(yè)市場(chǎng)的宏觀層面和服務(wù)行業(yè)的微觀層面,對(duì)國(guó)內(nèi)就業(yè)市場(chǎng)現(xiàn)狀進(jìn)行分析。盡管中國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)一直在快速增長(zhǎng)中,就業(yè)人數(shù)持續(xù)增加,但工作崗位缺口始終存在,就業(yè)市場(chǎng)勞動(dòng)供給大于需求。由于服務(wù)行業(yè)吸納勞動(dòng)力的能力最強(qiáng),從業(yè)人員素質(zhì)較高,對(duì)經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)的貢獻(xiàn)度最大。因此,作為現(xiàn)代服務(wù)業(yè),應(yīng)大力扶持中國(guó)離岸服務(wù)外包產(chǎn)業(yè)的發(fā)展,以促進(jìn)國(guó)內(nèi)就業(yè)。 第四部分為實(shí)證論證部分。通過(guò)柯布-道格拉斯生產(chǎn)函數(shù),推導(dǎo)出就業(yè)需求的理論模型。根據(jù)研究的目的,筆者分別建立離岸服務(wù)外包對(duì)中國(guó)就業(yè)量和就業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)影響的計(jì)量模型,并采用2005、2007和2010年中國(guó)16個(gè)服務(wù)行業(yè)的面板數(shù)據(jù),借助于eviews6.0統(tǒng)計(jì)軟件進(jìn)行回歸。實(shí)證結(jié)果表明,無(wú)論是離岸服務(wù)接包還是發(fā)包,對(duì)我國(guó)就業(yè)數(shù)量有著正向促進(jìn)作用。并且,隨著承接離岸服務(wù)外包和離岸服務(wù)發(fā)包規(guī)模的擴(kuò)大,可以吸納到更多熟練勞動(dòng)力層面的就業(yè),從而有利于我國(guó)就業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)的改善。因此,從促進(jìn)就業(yè)和改善就業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)的角度來(lái)講,回歸結(jié)果從一個(gè)側(cè)面說(shuō)明了在經(jīng)濟(jì)全球一體化發(fā)展過(guò)程中我國(guó)繼續(xù)對(duì)外服務(wù)發(fā)包和承接離岸服務(wù)外包的必要性和重要性。 第五部分為文章的結(jié)尾�；谏鲜霾糠值拿枋龊徒Y(jié)論可知,從長(zhǎng)期來(lái)看,發(fā)展離岸服務(wù)外包產(chǎn)業(yè)是緩解我國(guó)就業(yè)矛盾,優(yōu)化就業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)的重要途徑。因此,為促進(jìn)我國(guó)離岸服務(wù)外包產(chǎn)業(yè)更好更快地發(fā)展,發(fā)揮離岸服務(wù)外包的就業(yè)擴(kuò)展效應(yīng),對(duì)于政府來(lái)說(shuō),應(yīng)堅(jiān)持服務(wù)行業(yè)開放合作的戰(zhàn)略,加大扶持力度,為離岸服務(wù)外包企業(yè)營(yíng)造良好的商務(wù)市場(chǎng)環(huán)境。此外,由于離岸服務(wù)外包是知識(shí)密集型產(chǎn)業(yè),故對(duì)知識(shí)產(chǎn)權(quán)的保護(hù)尤為重要,對(duì)此應(yīng)給予重視；對(duì)于企業(yè)來(lái)說(shuō),要注重人力資本積累,提升自主創(chuàng)新能力,增強(qiáng)國(guó)際競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力,并依托產(chǎn)業(yè)示范園區(qū),打造離岸服務(wù)外包產(chǎn)業(yè)集群,以期促進(jìn)我國(guó)離岸服務(wù)外包產(chǎn)業(yè)更好更快地發(fā)展,發(fā)揮離岸服務(wù)外包的就業(yè)擴(kuò)展效應(yīng)。
[Abstract]:With the transfer of international industry, the structure of the global economy has changed, from the original high energy consumption and low efficiency traditional manufacturing industry to low pollution and high value-added modern service industry. Offshore service outsourcing, as the main form of modern service transfer, has become a new engine for the current global economic growth. With the quality of science and technology, high added value, low pollution, low energy consumption and so on, it can absorb more high-quality talents. Therefore, the development of offshore service outsourcing is of great significance to the improvement of the industrial structure and employment structure of a country. As the most populous country in the world, China has a large number of labor and makes China In the national planning program of 12th Five-Year, solving the problem of labor employment, especially the employment of college graduates, is always the focus of the government. China, as the main outsourcing country and undertaking country of offshore service outsourcing, clarifies the impact of offshore service outsourcing on domestic employment, so as to alleviate the contradiction and optimization of employment in China. The employment structure is of great practical significance. This article will focus on the following five parts:
The first part is the introduction. It mainly introduces the background, purpose and significance of this study, as well as the possible innovations and shortcomings of this article. The innovation of this article is mainly reflected in the following three points: first, there are many studies on offshore service outsourcing, but most of the reasons are focused on the reasons for the development of offshore service outsourcing and offshore service outsourcing. On the theoretical level of economic effect, there are few empirical studies on the impact of offshore service outsourcing on employment. Secondly, from the perspective of developed countries, there are many studies on the employment effect of offshore service outsourcing, but few scholars study the employment effect of offshore service outsourcing from the perspective of developing countries. In addition, in the study of the employment effect of domestic offshore service outsourcing, most of the research focuses on the analysis of the impact of external service delivery on the amount of employment. There is little analysis on the impact of foreign service undertaking on employment structure. Finally, this paper constructs an analysis of the impact mechanism theory of offshore service outsourcing on the employment and employment structure of a country. In order to provide a better analysis of the impact of offshore service delivery and offshore service delivery on the employment market in China, this study takes China offshore service outsourcing as the research object, based on the real employment data in domestic service industry, and from the perspective of the country and the undertaking country, the offshore service outsourcing of China to the country. The influence of employment and employment structure is analyzed theoretically and empirically. In the context of economic globalization and international industrial transfer, it provides a theoretical basis for China to actively utilize offshore service outsourcing to promote employment.
The second part is the literature review and the theoretical analysis. This chapter first defines the concept and classification of outsourcing and service outsourcing, and aims to clarify the relevant research objects in this paper. Then, from the perspective of the country and the undertaking country, the relevant literature on the employment effect of offshore service outsourcing is reviewed by domestic and foreign scholars. More research focuses on the impact of offshore service outsourcing on the number of jobs in a country. There is little research on the impact of offshore outsourcing on employment structure. And the impact of offshore outsourcing on the number of employment in the country has not been reached, but more and more scholars believe that offshore service outsourcing has a small impact on employment. And basically affirmed that service outsourcing has a positive effect on the long-term employment market, and on the effect of offshore service outsourcing on the number of employment in the undertaking country, the general scholars believe that the offshore service outsourcing has a positive effect on the employment of a country. Finally, on this basis, the author summarizes the employment of offshore service outsourcing to one country and the same. The influence mechanism of industrial structure lays a theoretical foundation for the following analysis.
The third part is the qualitative research part. In this part, the author will analyze the current situation of the global and China offshore service outsourcing and the domestic employment market in China. First, the development status of the offshore service outsourcing industry in the world and China is analyzed through the overall situation of the offshore service outsourcing development and the market structure in two aspects. The contrast can be found that, despite the strong support of the state government in recent years, the offshore service outsourcing industry in China has been greatly developed and the market scale is increasing year by year. It has now become the second largest offshore service outsourcing undertaking in the world after India. However, because of the late start of the offshore service outsourcing industry in China, it still exists compared with the developed countries. The large gap is mainly manifested in the small scale of offshore service outsourcing, the offshore service outsourcing business as the middle and low end industries, the overall competitiveness of the offshore service outsourcing enterprises, and so on. The current situation of the domestic employment market is analyzed from the macro level of the employment market and the micro level of the service industry. In the rapid growth, the number of employment continues to increase, but the job gap is always existing, and the labor supply in the employment market is greater than the demand. As the service industry has the strongest ability to absorb the labor force, the quality of the employees is higher and the contribution to the economic growth is the greatest. Therefore, as a modern service industry, China's offshore service outsourcing industry should be strongly supported. Exhibition to promote domestic employment.
The fourth part is an empirical part. Through the Cobb Douglas production function, a theoretical model of employment demand is derived. According to the purpose of the study, the author sets up a measurement model of the impact of offshore outsourcing on the employment and employment structure of China, and adopts the panel data of 16 service industries in China in 20052007 and 2010, with the help of e Views6.0 statistical software is used to return. The empirical results show that both offshore service delivery and delivery have a positive effect on the number of employment in China. And, with the expansion of offshore service outsourcing and the expansion of offshore services, it can absorb more skilled employment, and thus benefit the employment structure of our country. Therefore, from the perspective of promoting employment and improving the employment structure, the regression results show the necessity and importance of continuing the outsourcing of foreign services and undertaking offshore service outsourcing in the process of global economic integration.
The fifth part is the end of the article. Based on the description and conclusion of the above part, it is known that, in the long run, the development of offshore service outsourcing industry is an important way to alleviate the employment contradiction and optimize the employment structure. Therefore, to promote the offshore service outsourcing industry to develop better and faster, and give full play to the employment expansion effect of offshore service outsourcing, In the case of the government, we should adhere to the strategy of open and cooperative service industry, increase support and create a good business market environment for offshore service outsourcing enterprises. In addition, because offshore service outsourcing is a knowledge-based industry, it is particularly important to protect intellectual property rights, and should pay attention to it. For enterprises, we should pay attention to human capital. Accumulating, improving the ability of independent innovation, enhancing international competitiveness, and relying on the industrial demonstration park to build the offshore service outsourcing industry cluster, in order to promote the offshore service outsourcing industry to develop better and faster, and give full play to the employment expansion effect of offshore service outsourcing.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：西南財(cái)經(jīng)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：F752.68;F249.21

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