【摘要】：母豬的繁殖性能是衡量養(yǎng)豬企業(yè)生產(chǎn)水平重要指標,母豬的繁殖性能關系著企業(yè)的經(jīng)濟效益。本研究對廣東省某豬場長白母豬、大白母豬、杜洛克母豬共4054窩的生產(chǎn)記錄進行研究和分析,對總產(chǎn)仔數(shù)、活仔數(shù)、死胎、木乃伊、初生窩重、斷奶數(shù)共6個繁殖性狀進行統(tǒng)計,采用方差分析方法分析了品種、季節(jié)、胎次對母豬繁殖性能的影響。結果顯示:不同品種母豬的總產(chǎn)仔數(shù)、活仔數(shù)、斷奶數(shù)、初生窩重、死胎數(shù)的影響差異性顯著(p0.05),木乃伊胎數(shù)影響差異不顯著(p0.05),總產(chǎn)仔數(shù)、活仔數(shù)、斷奶數(shù)最多的是大白母豬,最少的是杜洛克母豬;季節(jié)對母豬總產(chǎn)仔數(shù)、活仔數(shù)、初生窩重、斷奶數(shù)、死胎和木乃伊差異性顯著(p0.05),春季總產(chǎn)仔數(shù)、活仔數(shù)、斷奶最多,初生窩重最重重;死胎和木乃伊胎最多的季節(jié)是夏季;母豬總產(chǎn)仔數(shù)、活仔數(shù)、初生窩重、死胎以及斷奶數(shù)胎次影響存在顯著的差異(p0.05),而對產(chǎn)木乃伊影響不顯著(p0.05)。研究結果有利于改進豬場的管理,提高母豬生產(chǎn)力,使母豬為豬場提供更多的更健康的仔豬,達到減少母豬飼養(yǎng)的成本和創(chuàng)收的目標。母豬非生產(chǎn)天數(shù)作為豬場的有效管理指標之一,母豬斷奶至再發(fā)情間距是母豬非生產(chǎn)天數(shù)的重要組成部分,必須引起養(yǎng)豬企業(yè)經(jīng)營管理者的高度重視。本研究還對該場長白母豬、大白母豬、杜洛克母豬共2567條斷奶至再發(fā)情間距記錄進行統(tǒng)計分析,采用方差分析方法分析了品種、季節(jié)、胎次對母豬奶至再發(fā)情間距的影響。結果顯示:不同品種母豬的斷奶至再發(fā)情間距差異性顯著(p0.05),杜洛克的母豬奶至再發(fā)情間距最長,長白與大白豬差異不顯著(p0.05);季節(jié)也對母豬斷奶至再發(fā)情間距有影響,春季母豬斷奶至再發(fā)情間距比其他三個季節(jié)的短1天以上,與其他三個季節(jié)的存在顯著差異,冬季母豬斷奶至再發(fā)情間距最長;胎次對母豬斷奶至再發(fā)情間距差異顯著(p0.05),母豬斷奶至再發(fā)情間距最長的是第一胎為10.72天,最短的是第七胎為7天。該結果有助于養(yǎng)豬企業(yè)縮短母豬斷奶至再發(fā)情間距,使母豬年生產(chǎn)的胎數(shù)增加,進而使母豬為豬場增收。
[Abstract]:The reproductive performance of sows is an important index to measure the production level of pig raising enterprises, and the reproductive performance of sows is related to the economic benefits of enterprises. In this study, 4054 litter records of Landrace sows, large white sows and Duroc sows at a pig farm in Guangdong Province were studied and analyzed. The total litter size, live litter size, stillbirth, mummy, birth weight were analyzed. The influence of varieties, seasons and parity on the reproductive performance of sows was analyzed by means of variance analysis (ANOVA). The results showed that the total litter size, live litter size, weaning number, newborn litter weight, stillbirth number of different breeds of sows were significantly different (p0.05), while the number of mummies had no significant difference (p0.05). The largest weaning is the big white sows, the least is the Duroc sows; There were significant differences in total litter size, live litter size, newborn litter weight, weaning number, stillbirth and mummy (p0.05). There were significant differences in total litter size, live litter size, newborn litter weight, stillbirth and weaning number (p0.05), but no significant effect on mummification (p0.05). The results are beneficial to improve the management of pig farm, improve the productivity of sows, make sows provide more healthy piglets for the farm, and achieve the goal of reducing the cost of sows raising and generating income. The days of sows' non-production as one of the effective management indexes of pig farms, the interval between weaning and reestrus is an important part of the days of sows' non-production, which must be attached great importance to by the managers of pig raising enterprises. In this study, 2567 records of interval between weaning and reestrus in Landrace sows, big white sows and Duroc sows were statistically analyzed. The effects of breeds, seasons and parity on the interval between milk and reestrus of sows were analyzed by means of variance analysis. The results showed that the distance between weaning and reestrus was significant (p0.05) in different breeds of sows, and the interval between weaning and reestrus was the longest in Duroc sows, but there was no significant difference between Landrace and large white pigs (p0.05). The interval between weaning and reestrus in spring sows was more than one day shorter than that in the other three seasons, which was significantly different from the other three seasons, and the interval between weaning and reestrus in winter was the longest. The interval between weaning and reestrus of sows was significantly different (p0.05). The longest interval between weaning and reestrus in sows was 10.72 days for the first and the 7 days for the seventh. The results are helpful to shorten the interval between weaning and reestrus of sows, increase the annual production of sows and increase the income of sows for pig farms.
【學位授予單位】：華南農(nóng)業(yè)大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2016
【分類號】：S828

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