【摘要】：低溫低濁水的處理一直是我國(guó)水處理過程中比較棘手的問題,尤其是在冰凍期較長(zhǎng)的北方,季節(jié)性氨氮、有機(jī)物污染問題嚴(yán)重,加劇了水處理的難度。針對(duì)我國(guó)北方低溫低濁水處理效果不佳的問題,提出一種高效、經(jīng)濟(jì)、環(huán)保的處理技術(shù)進(jìn)而實(shí)現(xiàn)低溫低濁水中污染物的有效去除是十分必要的。本論文以阜新市某公園水為研究對(duì)象,構(gòu)建強(qiáng)化混凝—麥飯石吸附的組合工藝處理低溫低濁水,將麥飯石的吸附能力與優(yōu)選混凝條件有機(jī)結(jié)合起來。其主要優(yōu)勢(shì)：強(qiáng)化混凝通過改善混凝條件進(jìn)而提高濁度的去除率并擴(kuò)大有機(jī)物的去除范圍,該方法經(jīng)濟(jì)、方便且去除效果較好；另外麥飯石具有較大的比表面積,且對(duì)氨氮有較強(qiáng)的吸附能力。兩者相結(jié)合可實(shí)現(xiàn)濁度、有機(jī)物、氨氮的經(jīng)濟(jì)、高效去除,且出水水質(zhì)較好。本試驗(yàn)通過靜態(tài)試驗(yàn)(燒杯試驗(yàn))和動(dòng)態(tài)試驗(yàn)(動(dòng)態(tài)柱試驗(yàn))兩種方式對(duì)低溫低濁微污染水進(jìn)行研究。首先通過靜態(tài)單因素試驗(yàn)對(duì)試驗(yàn)進(jìn)行分析,研究各因素對(duì)混凝效果的影響；并在單因素試驗(yàn)的基礎(chǔ)上構(gòu)建響應(yīng)面模型,確定PAFC投加量、PAM投加量、PAM投加點(diǎn)的響應(yīng)方程和交互影響關(guān)系,最終根據(jù)Design-Expert對(duì)試驗(yàn)結(jié)果優(yōu)化,確定最佳混凝條件。其次,根據(jù)靜態(tài)試驗(yàn)確定的最佳工藝參數(shù)對(duì)低溫低濁水進(jìn)行混凝試驗(yàn),靜置30min后出水經(jīng)過動(dòng)態(tài)試驗(yàn)柱,研究不同吸附材料對(duì)濁度、氨氮和COD的去除率效果。試驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明：水力攪拌條件快速攪拌45s(350r/min),一級(jí)絮凝攪拌6min (90r/min),二級(jí)絮凝攪拌9min (50r/min),靜置時(shí)間30min, PAFC. PAM用量分別為17.80mg/L、 0.39mg/L, PAM投加點(diǎn)為-0.01時(shí),此時(shí)去除效果最好,濁度、氨氮、COD的去除率分別為68.03%、10.92%和30.2%。經(jīng)Na2SO4改性麥飯石處理效果較好,其對(duì)為濁度、氨氮和COD去除率為96.57%、67.25%、74.79%,比混凝后出水去除率可提高39.76%、56.66%、43.98%,且出水水質(zhì)較好。通過以上研究發(fā)現(xiàn),強(qiáng)化混凝—麥飯石吸附聯(lián)用對(duì)低溫低濁水有較好的去除效果,出水濁度、氨氮和pH均可達(dá)到飲用水標(biāo)準(zhǔn),COD可達(dá)到集中式生活飲用水的II類標(biāo)準(zhǔn),證明了該方法處理低溫低濁水的可行性和有效性。
[Abstract]:The treatment of low temperature and low turbidity water has always been a difficult problem in the process of water treatment in China, especially in the north of China, where the seasonal ammonia nitrogen and organic pollution are serious, which aggravate the difficulty of water treatment. In view of the poor treatment effect of low temperature and low turbidity water in northern China, it is very necessary to put forward an efficient, economical and environmental protection treatment technology to realize the effective removal of pollutants in low temperature and low turbidity water. This paper takes a park water in Fuxin as the research object, constructs the combination process of strengthening coagulation-Maifan stone adsorption to treat low temperature and low turbidity water, and organically combines the adsorption ability of Maifan stone with the optimum coagulation condition. The main advantages of this method are as follows: enhanced coagulation can improve the turbidity removal rate and expand the removal range of organic matter by improving coagulation conditions. This method is economical, convenient and effective in removing organic matter. In addition, Maifan stone has a large specific surface area. And the adsorption ability of ammonia nitrogen is strong. The combination of the two can realize the economic and efficient removal of turbidity, organic matter and ammonia nitrogen, and the effluent quality is better. Static test (beaker test) and dynamic test (dynamic column test) were used to study low-temperature and low-turbidity micro-polluted water. Firstly, the static single factor test is used to analyze the effect of each factor on coagulation effect, and the response surface model is constructed based on the single factor test. The response equation and interaction relation of PAFC dosing point were determined. Finally, the optimum coagulation conditions were determined according to the experimental results optimized by Design-Expert. Secondly, the coagulation test of low temperature and low turbidity water was carried out according to the optimum process parameters determined by static test. The removal efficiency of turbidity, ammonia nitrogen and COD was studied by using dynamic column of effluent after static 30min. The results showed that the conditions of hydraulic stirring were rapid agitation for 45s (350r/min), first-grade flocculation agitation 6min (90r/min), second-order flocculating agitating 9min (50r/min), setting time 30min, PAFC. When the dosage of PAM was 17.80 mg / L, 0.39 mg / L, and the point of PAM was -0.01, the removal rate of turbidity and ammonia nitrogen was 68.03% 10.92% and 30.2% respectively. The effect of modified Maifanite treated by Na2SO4 is better, the removal rate of ammonia nitrogen and COD is 96.57% 67.25 and 74.79, which can increase the removal rate of 39.7666.66% and 43.98%, and the quality of the effluent is better than that after coagulation. Through the above research, it is found that the combined use of enhanced coagulation and Mailanshi adsorption has a better removal effect on low temperature and low turbidity water. The effluent turbidity, ammonia nitrogen and pH can reach the drinking water standard and COD can reach the class II standard of centralized drinking water. It is proved that this method is feasible and effective in treating low temperature and low turbidity water.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：遼寧工程技術(shù)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：TU991.2

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