【摘要】：全球經(jīng)濟(jì)服務(wù)化態(tài)勢(shì)日趨明顯,服務(wù)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)的優(yōu)化升級(jí)已經(jīng)成為現(xiàn)代經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展的重要支撐。雖然北京市服務(wù)業(yè)總量發(fā)展勢(shì)頭良好,2015年北京市第三產(chǎn)業(yè)總產(chǎn)值18331,7億元,第三產(chǎn)業(yè)就業(yè)人數(shù)比重也上升至78.8%,但相較于2005年的紐約依然存在約10%的差距,同時(shí),北京市服務(wù)業(yè)勞動(dòng)生產(chǎn)率從2000年至今整體下降15.6%,結(jié)合現(xiàn)實(shí)可以認(rèn)為,目前北京市服務(wù)業(yè)內(nèi)部產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)依然處于低端化,內(nèi)部結(jié)構(gòu)不優(yōu)。北京市處于京津冀一體化戰(zhàn)略的核心位置,同時(shí)正努力打造"高精尖,,的經(jīng)濟(jì)結(jié)構(gòu),對(duì)現(xiàn)階段北京市服務(wù)業(yè)內(nèi)部結(jié)構(gòu)的研究,有利于北京市服務(wù)業(yè)更好地升級(jí)和發(fā)展,也有利于北京市"高精尖"經(jīng)濟(jì)結(jié)構(gòu)的優(yōu)化。以往研究中大多將視角著眼于服務(wù)業(yè)與其他產(chǎn)業(yè)的相關(guān)關(guān)系、或者基于省級(jí)層面單一因素對(duì)于服務(wù)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)優(yōu)化的影響,較為忽視對(duì)大都市服務(wù)業(yè)內(nèi)部結(jié)構(gòu)的全方位探析。本文從供給和需求的角度,建立了以資本供給、勞動(dòng)力資源、技術(shù)供給、產(chǎn)業(yè)政策、收入水平、城市化水平和國(guó)際服務(wù)貿(mào)易為主導(dǎo)因素的服務(wù)業(yè)內(nèi)部結(jié)構(gòu)變動(dòng)的作用機(jī)理;將定性角度的要素密集程度、附加值率、比較勞動(dòng)生產(chǎn)率和對(duì)國(guó)民經(jīng)濟(jì)其他部門(mén)的影響帶動(dòng)作用和定量角度的發(fā)達(dá)國(guó)家的比重均值作為結(jié)構(gòu)優(yōu)化的判斷標(biāo)準(zhǔn),主要選取了 2000-2015年間北京市地區(qū)生產(chǎn)總值、各行業(yè)就業(yè)水平等多項(xiàng)指標(biāo)計(jì)算出增加值比重、比較勞動(dòng)生產(chǎn)率、直接消耗系數(shù)、完全消耗系數(shù)和影響力系數(shù),從內(nèi)部結(jié)構(gòu)變動(dòng)趨勢(shì)、比較勞動(dòng)生產(chǎn)率變動(dòng)、產(chǎn)業(yè)互動(dòng)和產(chǎn)業(yè)波及三個(gè)維度對(duì)北京市服務(wù)業(yè)內(nèi)部結(jié)構(gòu)現(xiàn)狀進(jìn)行了全面而深入地分析;最后通過(guò)構(gòu)建多元回歸方程分析了各因素對(duì)北京市服務(wù)業(yè)內(nèi)部結(jié)構(gòu)變動(dòng)的影響情況,對(duì)服務(wù)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)優(yōu)化的可能路徑進(jìn)行了探討。結(jié)果發(fā)現(xiàn),改革開(kāi)放以來(lái)北京市服務(wù)業(yè)取得了長(zhǎng)足的發(fā)展,但投入產(chǎn)出效率低下,生產(chǎn)效率低下;服務(wù)業(yè)內(nèi)部已經(jīng)從流通性服務(wù)業(yè)和生產(chǎn)性服務(wù)業(yè)并重轉(zhuǎn)型為以生產(chǎn)性服務(wù)業(yè)為主導(dǎo),應(yīng)繼續(xù)優(yōu)化生產(chǎn)性服務(wù)業(yè)的發(fā)展,其內(nèi)部金融業(yè)增長(zhǎng)停滯,有待改進(jìn);在北京市服務(wù)業(yè)發(fā)展中,流通性服務(wù)業(yè)比重逐漸下降,但在一段時(shí)間內(nèi)應(yīng)繼續(xù)為服務(wù)業(yè)中一重要的構(gòu)成部分,需要提高流通性服務(wù)業(yè)的內(nèi)部效率和國(guó)際競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力。認(rèn)為應(yīng)在加強(qiáng)服務(wù)業(yè)人才培養(yǎng)、提高勞動(dòng)力水平,大力發(fā)展以科技服務(wù)業(yè)為主的生產(chǎn)性服務(wù)業(yè),提升流通產(chǎn)業(yè)效率、優(yōu)化流通性服務(wù)業(yè)發(fā)展等方面做出進(jìn)一步努力。
[Abstract]:The service trend of the global economy is becoming more and more obvious, and the optimization and upgrading of the service industry structure has become an important support for the development of modern economy. Although the total service industry in Beijing has a good momentum of development, the gross output value of the tertiary industry in Beijing was 183317 billion yuan in 2015, and the proportion of employment in the tertiary industry also rose to 78.8 percent, but there is still a gap of about 10 percent compared with New York in 2005. at the same time, The labor productivity of the service industry in Beijing has decreased by 15.6% since 2000. According to the reality, the internal industrial structure of the service industry in Beijing is still at a low end and the internal structure is not good. Beijing is at the core of the integration strategy of Beijing, Tianjin and Hebei. At the same time, efforts are being made to build a "high-precision, high-quality economic structure. The study of the internal structure of Beijing's service industry at this stage is conducive to the better upgrading and development of Beijing's service industry." It is also conducive to the optimization of Beijing's "high-precision" economic structure. Most of the previous studies have focused on the relationship between the service industry and other industries, or based on the influence of a single factor at the provincial level on the optimization of the service industry structure, neglecting the omni-directional analysis of the internal structure of the metropolitan service industry. From the point of view of supply and demand, this paper establishes the mechanism of internal structure change of service industry, which is dominated by capital supply, labor resources, technology supply, industrial policy, income level, urbanization level and international service trade. Take the factor density degree of qualitative angle, the ratio of additional value, the comparison of labor productivity and the driving effect on other sectors of national economy, and the proportion average of developed countries in quantitative angle as the judging criteria of structural optimization. This paper mainly selects many indexes, such as the gross domestic product (GDP) of Beijing area and the employment level of various industries in 2000 / 2015, to calculate the proportion of added value, and compares the labor productivity, direct consumption coefficient, complete consumption coefficient and influence coefficient. This paper makes a comprehensive and in-depth analysis of the present situation of the internal structure of the service industry in Beijing from three dimensions: the changing trend of the internal structure, the change of the labor productivity, the industrial interaction and the industrial sweep. Finally, the influence of various factors on the internal structure change of service industry in Beijing is analyzed by constructing the multiple regression equation, and the possible ways to optimize the service structure are discussed. The results show that the service industry in Beijing has made great progress since the reform and opening up, but the input-output efficiency is low and the production efficiency is low. The development of producer service industry should continue to be optimized and the growth of its internal financial industry is stagnant, which needs to be improved because of the transformation from both circulating service industry and producer service industry to producer service industry. In the development of Beijing service industry, the proportion of liquidity service industry decreases gradually, but it should continue to be an important part of service industry for a period of time, and it is necessary to improve the internal efficiency and international competitiveness of liquidity service industry. It is considered that further efforts should be made in strengthening the training of talents in the service industry, raising the level of labor force, vigorously developing the producer service industry dominated by the service industry of science and technology, enhancing the efficiency of the circulation industry, and optimizing the development of the service industry of circulation.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：北京交通大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：F719

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