本文選題：食用植物油 + 貿(mào)易　； 參考：《東北農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：植物油是中國(guó)居民的生活必需品之一,而目前中國(guó)食用植物油的自給率仍不足40%,60%以上依賴進(jìn)口,可見中國(guó)對(duì)植物油進(jìn)口的依賴程度非常高。根據(jù)新華網(wǎng)報(bào)道,到2024年國(guó)內(nèi)食用植物油消費(fèi)達(dá)到3300萬噸左右,大豆油、菜籽油、棕櫚油、花生油消費(fèi)所占比重約為50%、25%、7%、9%,這四種食用植物油消費(fèi)占食用植物油總消費(fèi)比例將達(dá)到91%。因此了解中國(guó)食用植物油在國(guó)際市場(chǎng)上的比較優(yōu)勢(shì)和競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力狀況對(duì)提高中國(guó)食用植物油的競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力,維護(hù)中國(guó)食用植物油的產(chǎn)業(yè)安全具有重要意義�；诖�,本文以比較優(yōu)勢(shì)理論、要素稟賦理論以及國(guó)家競(jìng)爭(zhēng)優(yōu)勢(shì)理論為基礎(chǔ),選擇了1996-2014年間大豆油、花生油、菜籽油、棕櫚油以及葵花籽油五種主要的食用植物油品種的相關(guān)數(shù)據(jù),采用顯性比較優(yōu)勢(shì)指數(shù)(RCA)、相對(duì)貿(mào)易優(yōu)勢(shì)指數(shù)(RTA)、顯示性競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力指數(shù)(RC)、貿(mào)易競(jìng)爭(zhēng)優(yōu)勢(shì)指數(shù)(TC)四個(gè)指標(biāo)對(duì)中國(guó)食用植物油貿(mào)易競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力情況進(jìn)行實(shí)證研究。本文對(duì)中國(guó)食用植物油貿(mào)易現(xiàn)狀的分析發(fā)現(xiàn),中國(guó)花生油、大豆油、菜籽油產(chǎn)量居世界前列,產(chǎn)量規(guī)模不斷擴(kuò)大;中國(guó)植物油的進(jìn)口近些年來出現(xiàn)了急劇的增加,目前中國(guó)已經(jīng)成為植物油的凈進(jìn)口國(guó);中國(guó)植物油出口價(jià)格與進(jìn)口價(jià)格相比沒有價(jià)格優(yōu)勢(shì),出口規(guī)模小。對(duì)其競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力情況的研究表明,從顯性比較優(yōu)勢(shì)的結(jié)果來看,除了花生油外其余四種食用植物油均沒有比較優(yōu)勢(shì);如果將進(jìn)口加以考慮,相對(duì)貿(mào)易優(yōu)勢(shì)指數(shù)和顯示性競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力指數(shù)除花生油以外均為負(fù)值,這表明,相對(duì)于進(jìn)口產(chǎn)品,中國(guó)生產(chǎn)的食用植物油國(guó)際貿(mào)易比較劣勢(shì)更加明顯,可見中國(guó)食用植物油產(chǎn)品與其他進(jìn)口產(chǎn)品相比處于比較劣勢(shì)的狀態(tài);貿(mào)易競(jìng)爭(zhēng)優(yōu)勢(shì)指數(shù)研究結(jié)果也表明中國(guó)食用植物油的競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力優(yōu)勢(shì)正在喪失,未來形勢(shì)會(huì)更加嚴(yán)峻。最后,本文根據(jù)“鉆石模型”,從要素條件、需求條件、相關(guān)產(chǎn)業(yè)及支持產(chǎn)業(yè)、企業(yè)戰(zhàn)略、結(jié)構(gòu)和競(jìng)爭(zhēng)對(duì)手以及政府和機(jī)會(huì)維度對(duì)影響中國(guó)食用植物油貿(mào)易競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力的因素進(jìn)行了分析,提出了增加高級(jí)要素的投入力度、實(shí)行差異化品牌策略、促進(jìn)相關(guān)支持產(chǎn)業(yè)集聚發(fā)展、提高企業(yè)自身的競(jìng)爭(zhēng)優(yōu)勢(shì)、政府完善法律法規(guī)、實(shí)施“走出去”戰(zhàn)略等相應(yīng)的對(duì)策建議。
[Abstract]:Vegetable oil is one of the necessities of daily life in China, but the self-sufficiency rate of edible vegetable oil in China is still less than 40%, which shows that China is highly dependent on the import of vegetable oil. According to Xinhuanet, domestic consumption of edible vegetable oil will reach 33 million tons by 2024. The proportion of consumption of soybean oil, rapeseed oil, palm oil and peanut oil is about 50%. The consumption of these four kinds of edible vegetable oil will account for 91% of the total consumption of edible vegetable oil. Therefore, it is of great significance to understand the comparative advantage and competitive status of Chinese edible vegetable oil in the international market to improve the competitiveness of Chinese edible vegetable oil and to maintain the industrial safety of Chinese edible vegetable oil. Based on the comparative advantage theory, factor endowment theory and national competitive advantage theory, this paper selects soybean oil, peanut oil and rapeseed oil from 1996 to 2014. Data on five major edible vegetable oils, palm oil and sunflower seed oil, The dominant comparative advantage index (RCAA), the relative trade advantage index (RTAA), the indicative competitiveness index (RCN) and the trade competitive advantage index (TC) were used to study the trade competitiveness of edible vegetable oil in China. This paper analyzes the present situation of China's edible vegetable oil trade and finds that the production of peanut oil, soybean oil and rapeseed oil in China is among the highest in the world, and the output scale is constantly expanding, and the import of Chinese vegetable oil has increased sharply in recent years. At present, China has become a net importer of vegetable oil; the export price of vegetable oil in China has no price advantage compared with import price, and the export scale is small. Studies of their competitiveness show that, based on the results of explicit comparative advantage, none of the four edible vegetable oils except peanut oil have comparative advantages; if imports are taken into account, Both the relative trade advantage index and the indicative competitiveness index are negative except peanut oil, which shows that the international trade disadvantage of edible vegetable oil produced by China is more obvious than that of imported products. It can be seen that Chinese edible vegetable oil products are at a comparative disadvantage compared with other imported products. The results of trade competitive advantage index also show that the competitive advantage of Chinese edible vegetable oil is losing and the situation will be more severe in the future. Finally, according to the "diamond model", this paper analyzes the factors, demand, related industries, supporting industries and enterprise strategies. The factors influencing the competitiveness of Chinese edible vegetable oil trade are analyzed in terms of structure and competition, as well as government and opportunity dimension. It is put forward to increase the input of advanced factors and implement the strategy of differentiated brand. To promote the development of industrial agglomeration, to improve the competitive advantage of enterprises, to improve laws and regulations, to implement the strategy of "going out" and so on.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：東北農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：F426.82;F752.6

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