本文選題：汽車企業(yè) + 核心競爭力�。� 參考：《西南財經(jīng)大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文

【摘要】：在工業(yè)社會,汽車產(chǎn)業(yè)是國民經(jīng)濟的支柱產(chǎn)業(yè)。它代表了一個國家的工業(yè)化水平,在國民經(jīng)濟體系中具有戰(zhàn)略性地位。我國汽車產(chǎn)業(yè)經(jīng)過近50年的發(fā)展已經(jīng)初具規(guī)模。尤其在我國加入WTO之后,汽車產(chǎn)業(yè)規(guī)模不斷突破,目前已成為世界汽車產(chǎn)銷大國。我國目前一共有數(shù)十家汽車企業(yè),其中上市公司就有21家,這些企業(yè)構(gòu)成了我國汽車產(chǎn)業(yè)的主力。 評價一家企業(yè)有多種角度,其中核心競爭力是一家企業(yè)區(qū)分于其它企業(yè)最重要的特征。然而,對于核心競爭力如何分析學(xué)界并沒有統(tǒng)一的定論。針對我國汽車企業(yè)的核心競爭力分析目前也缺乏統(tǒng)一的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。本文旨在運用科學(xué)方法構(gòu)建我國汽車企業(yè)核心競爭力的評價體系,并且對其進行實證檢驗。以此得出對我國21家上市汽車企業(yè)的競爭力評價,并以此提出展望和建議。 本文緊密圍繞中國汽車企業(yè)核心競爭力評價這一主題,遵循“提出問題——文獻研究——市場概述——構(gòu)建指標(biāo)體系——實證研究——總結(jié)展望”的研究思路,應(yīng)用規(guī)范分析、實證分析、定性與定量相結(jié)合的方法進行研究。本文從理論層面提出多角度的評價框架,并運用因子分析法對指標(biāo)評價理論體系進行分析與修正,豐富了汽車企業(yè)核心競爭力的指標(biāo)評價體系研究。全文由以下幾部分組成： 前兩章是第一部分。這一部分主要為了提出問題。首先,緒論中介紹本文的寫作背景及意義,提出我國汽車企業(yè)核心競爭力評價問題。在第二章中通過對企業(yè)核心競爭力相關(guān)理論的文獻綜述,總結(jié)得出我國汽車企業(yè)核心競爭力的概念。 第三章是第二部分。這一部分主要針對我國目前的汽車企業(yè)現(xiàn)狀做描述性分析。首先,本文回顧了我國汽車產(chǎn)業(yè)的發(fā)展路徑,按照發(fā)展路徑的不同對我國汽車企業(yè)進行了分類。在此基礎(chǔ)上,本文運用SWOT分析方法,針對不同類型的汽車企業(yè)做優(yōu)劣勢分析。這一部分初步對比了不同汽車企業(yè)的競爭力,并且總結(jié)出汽車產(chǎn)業(yè)資本密集、技術(shù)密集、知識密集的產(chǎn)業(yè)特征。本章的主要結(jié)論有：自主創(chuàng)新能力方面民營的自主品牌企業(yè)具有明顯優(yōu)勢,得益于堅持創(chuàng)新的戰(zhàn)略思想和對某個細(xì)分市場的深入鉆研。企業(yè)文化方面。民營企業(yè)以其靈活的管理方式,以人為本的企業(yè)文化,凝聚員工,提高企業(yè)的生產(chǎn)經(jīng)營效率。產(chǎn)品結(jié)構(gòu)方面。由于民營企業(yè)在資本規(guī)模、企業(yè)規(guī)模、人才規(guī)模等方面不如合資企業(yè),所以產(chǎn)品結(jié)構(gòu)總體單一化,不能在多個領(lǐng)域同時具有競爭力,在優(yōu)勢領(lǐng)域之外的細(xì)分市場缺乏競爭力。品牌形象方面。由于我國自主品牌汽車企業(yè)的發(fā)展路徑是以低成本戰(zhàn)略開始的,其造成的產(chǎn)品質(zhì)量不高對品牌形象造成了比較嚴(yán)重的影響。自主品牌企業(yè)未來需要在提升汽車產(chǎn)品質(zhì)量、完善售后服務(wù)體系的基礎(chǔ)上,大力建設(shè)品牌,形成良好的品質(zhì)口碑和品牌形象。 第四章是第三部分,也是全文的主體部分。這一章將從理論層面構(gòu)建汽車企業(yè)核心競爭力評價體系。本章首先介紹了研究產(chǎn)業(yè)競爭力的波特鉆石模型,在借鑒波特鉆石模型的基礎(chǔ)上,對汽車企業(yè)核心競爭力進行多維度的理論探究。第一個維度是市場環(huán)境,包括市場需求和市場供給兩方面。研究市場需求時,本文著重從人均收入水平、汽車價格、替代品、互補品四個角度對需求進行分析,對于市場供給,著重分析現(xiàn)有新能源汽車的產(chǎn)銷情況；第二個維度是生產(chǎn)要素。本文主要從產(chǎn)業(yè)鏈要素、資本要素和人力資源要素三個方面進行分析,其中產(chǎn)業(yè)鏈分析分為上下游兩部分,資本要素分析主要側(cè)重汽車企業(yè)的資本密集型這一特征以及資本對企業(yè)形成核心競爭力的作用,人力資源要素分析側(cè)重分析人力資源和企業(yè)產(chǎn)出增長之間的關(guān)系；第三個維度是企業(yè)經(jīng)營,企業(yè)經(jīng)營著重考察其生產(chǎn)運作管理能力,即經(jīng)營效率,以及股權(quán)結(jié)構(gòu)對企業(yè)競爭力的影響；第四個維度是政府政策,政府政策通過財政政策和產(chǎn)業(yè)政策對相關(guān)企業(yè)進行政策干預(yù),從而影響企業(yè)競爭力；最后一個維度是技術(shù)進步,本文認(rèn)為我國汽車企業(yè)的技術(shù)進步兼具外生與內(nèi)生兩方面,對企業(yè)競爭力形成競爭力有巨大推動作用。五個維度不是彼此獨立的單一變量,而是互相作用,互相影響,共同構(gòu)成汽車企業(yè)核心競爭力。 第五章是第四部分,即實證部分。本文首先根據(jù)我國21家上市汽車企業(yè)的特點,結(jié)合前文SWOT分析的結(jié)果,運用第四章構(gòu)建的核心競爭力評價理論體系,有針對性地構(gòu)建一系列評價我國汽車企業(yè)核心競爭力的指標(biāo)。指標(biāo)體系分為三個層次。其中一二級指標(biāo)沿用第四章所總結(jié)的評價理論體系,三級指標(biāo)對二級指標(biāo)進行定量細(xì)化。然后,運用因子分析法對以上評價體系進行實證分析。結(jié)果顯示,除個別指標(biāo)外,因子分層的結(jié)果與理論推演相符合。在此基礎(chǔ)上,根據(jù)因子評分,本文得出各企業(yè)的核心競爭力要素。 第六章是最后一部分,這一章對全文結(jié)論進行總結(jié),并在此基礎(chǔ)上提出對我國汽車企業(yè)的未來展望。
[Abstract]:In the industrial society, the automobile industry is the pillar industry of the national economy. It represents the industrial level of a country and has a strategic position in the national economic system. After nearly 50 years of development, China's auto industry has begun to take shape. Especially after China's entry into the WTO, the scale of automobile industry has been breaking through, and now it has become a world car. There are dozens of automobile companies in China. Among them, there are 21 listed companies, which constitute the main force of China's automobile industry.
The core competitiveness of an enterprise is the most important characteristic of a company. However, there is no unified conclusion on how to analyze the core competitiveness of the enterprise. At present, the analysis of the core competitiveness of the automobile enterprises in China is also lacking a unified standard. The purpose of this paper is to build me with a scientific method. The evaluation system of the core competitiveness of the national automobile enterprises is carried out and the empirical test is carried out to get the evaluation of the competitiveness of the 21 listed automobile enterprises in China, and the prospects and suggestions are put forward.
This paper is closely related to the theme of the evaluation of the core competitiveness of Chinese automobile enterprises, and follows the research ideas of "putting forward questions - Literature Research - Market Overview - Construction of the index system - Empirical Research - summarizing prospect", applying the method of normative analysis, empirical analysis, qualitative and quantitative analysis. The multi angle evaluation framework is put forward, and the factor analysis method is used to analyze and amend the index evaluation theory system. The research on the index evaluation system of the core competitiveness of automobile enterprises is enriched. The full text is composed of the following parts:
The first two chapters are the first part. This part is mainly to raise the question. First, the introduction introduces the background and significance of this article, and puts forward the evaluation of the core competitiveness of the automobile enterprises in China. In the second chapter, the concept of the core competitiveness of the automobile enterprises in China is summed up through the literature review of the related theories of the core competitiveness of the enterprises.
The third chapter is the second part. This part mainly describes the current situation of the automobile enterprises in China. Firstly, this paper reviews the development path of China's auto industry and classifies our automobile enterprises according to the different development path. On this basis, this paper applies the SWOT analysis method to different types of automobile enterprises. This chapter compares the competitiveness of different automobile enterprises, and summarizes the characteristics of the industrial capital intensive, technology intensive and knowledge intensive industries. The main conclusions of this chapter are as follows: the independent brand enterprises with independent innovation ability have obvious advantages and benefit from the strategic ideas of insisting on innovation and the right to innovation. In the aspect of enterprise culture, the private enterprise is not as good as the joint venture in terms of capital scale, enterprise scale, talent pattern and so on, because the private enterprise is not as good as the joint venture in terms of capital scale, enterprise scale, talent pattern and so on. Simplification can not compete in many fields at the same time, and the subdivision market is not competitive at the same time. In the aspect of brand image. Since the development path of our independent brand auto enterprise is started with low cost strategy, its product quality is not high on brand image. In the future, we need to improve the quality of automobile products and improve the after-sale service system, so as to build up brand names and form good quality reputation and brand image.
The fourth chapter is the third part, and it is also the main part of the full text. This chapter will construct the evaluation system of the core competitiveness of automobile enterprises from the theoretical level. First, this chapter introduces the Potter diamond model for the study of industrial competitiveness. On the basis of Potter's diamond model, this chapter makes a multi-dimensional theoretical inquiry on the core competitiveness of automobile enterprises. The dimension is the market environment, including two aspects of market demand and market supply. In the study of market demand, this paper focuses on the analysis of the demand from four aspects: per capita income level, automobile price, substitute product and complementary product. The production and marketing of existing new energy vehicles are emphatically analyzed in the market supply; the second dimension is the production factor. Mainly from three aspects of industrial chain elements, capital elements and human resource factors, the analysis of industrial chain is divided into two parts in the upper and lower reaches. The analysis of capital factors mainly focuses on the capital intensive characteristics of the automobile enterprises and the use of capital for the formation of the core competitiveness of the enterprises. The analysis of human resource factors focuses on the analysis of human resources. The relationship between the growth of the source and the output of the enterprise; the third dimension is the enterprise management, the enterprise management focuses on its production operation management ability, that is, the operation efficiency, and the influence of the ownership structure on the competitiveness of the enterprise; the fourth dimension is the government policy, and the government policy intervened through the policy of fiscal policy and industrial policy to the related enterprises. The last dimension is technological progress. This paper thinks that the technological progress of the automobile enterprises in our country has two aspects of both exogenous and endogenous, which has great impetus to the competitiveness of enterprises. The five dimensions are not independent single variables, but interact and influence each other, and constitute the automobile enterprise together. Core competitiveness.
The fifth chapter is the fourth part, that is, the empirical part. Firstly, according to the characteristics of the 21 listed automobile enterprises in our country, combined with the results of the previous SWOT analysis, the core competitiveness evaluation theory system constructed in the fourth chapter is used to construct a series of indexes to evaluate the core competitiveness of the automobile enterprises in our country. The index system is divided into three levels. The one or two level index is followed by the evaluation theory system summarized in the fourth chapter, and the three level index is quantified to the two level index. Then, the factor analysis method is used to carry out an empirical analysis on the above evaluation system. The article draws the core competitive elements of each enterprise.
The sixth chapter is the last part. This chapter summarizes the conclusion of the paper, and on this basis, puts forward the future outlook for China's automobile enterprises.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：西南財經(jīng)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：F271;F426.471

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