本文選題：對(duì)外直接投資 + 逆向技術(shù)溢出　； 參考：《江西財(cái)經(jīng)大學(xué)》2013年碩士論文

【摘要】：對(duì)外直接投資逆向技術(shù)溢出效應(yīng)是母國(guó)向東道國(guó)直接進(jìn)行投資,獲取東道國(guó)的新型科學(xué)技術(shù)、優(yōu)質(zhì)研發(fā)資源,實(shí)現(xiàn)技術(shù)資源從東道國(guó)向母國(guó)的輸送與流動(dòng),從而提升母國(guó)技術(shù)跟進(jìn)與創(chuàng)新水平。近年來(lái),發(fā)展中國(guó)家和轉(zhuǎn)型經(jīng)濟(jì)體的跨國(guó)公司開(kāi)始不斷進(jìn)入世界其它地區(qū)特別是西方發(fā)達(dá)國(guó)家的市場(chǎng),中國(guó)的一些跨國(guó)公司也開(kāi)始在全球范圍內(nèi)尋找優(yōu)勢(shì)資源和技術(shù),對(duì)外直接投資總體規(guī)模呈現(xiàn)不斷上漲的態(tài)勢(shì)。實(shí)現(xiàn)由產(chǎn)業(yè)鏈低端向高端對(duì)外投資的轉(zhuǎn)變是中國(guó)企業(yè)未來(lái)發(fā)展的必然選擇,能夠在國(guó)際市場(chǎng)上獲得技術(shù)外溢效應(yīng),加速產(chǎn)品的更新?lián)Q代,提升自主創(chuàng)新能力,是實(shí)現(xiàn)中國(guó)企業(yè)轉(zhuǎn)型的關(guān)鍵。 在此背景下,本文從戰(zhàn)略角度思考中國(guó)企業(yè)對(duì)外直接投資中的技術(shù)提升,并以此為出發(fā)點(diǎn)研究逆向技術(shù)溢出對(duì)中國(guó)服務(wù)業(yè)全要素生產(chǎn)率的影響,闡明了對(duì)外直接投資獲得的技術(shù)溢出能否促進(jìn)中國(guó)的產(chǎn)業(yè)升級(jí)。從而提出本文的研究課題：逆向技術(shù)溢出是通過(guò)哪些渠道對(duì)我國(guó)服務(wù)業(yè)產(chǎn)生影響的,逆向技術(shù)溢出的傳導(dǎo)鏈條和機(jī)理是什么,這種逆向技術(shù)溢出效應(yīng)是否顯著,并得出充分實(shí)施走出去發(fā)展策略的政策建議。 理論研究方面,本文分析了技術(shù)進(jìn)步的兩種路徑：創(chuàng)新和模仿。從模仿為主的技術(shù)進(jìn)步路徑闡釋了對(duì)外直接投資逆向技術(shù)溢出的三條渠道。這三條渠道是通過(guò)進(jìn)出口貿(mào)易、引入外商直接投資、對(duì)外直接投資來(lái)獲得國(guó)外研發(fā)資本的溢出。然后,分析逆向技術(shù)溢出的傳導(dǎo)鏈條。逆向技術(shù)溢出現(xiàn)象充分說(shuō)明了在對(duì)外直接投資中科學(xué)技術(shù)與研發(fā)資源是雙向擴(kuò)散與滲透的,在東道國(guó)與母國(guó)企業(yè)之間存在一定的流通性特點(diǎn),打破了我們傳統(tǒng)的投資技術(shù)與研發(fā)資源輸出的限制理論,最后,本文基于內(nèi)生經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)產(chǎn)品品種增加模型建立了新型的對(duì)外直接投資過(guò)程中母國(guó)與東道國(guó)之間逆向的技術(shù)溢出效應(yīng)的理論模型,在穩(wěn)態(tài)均衡增長(zhǎng)中,通過(guò)三個(gè)渠道獲得的逆向技術(shù)溢出越多,母國(guó)的經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)也就越快,并分析了逆向技術(shù)溢出的機(jī)制。 實(shí)證分析方面,通過(guò)建立模型來(lái)定量并動(dòng)態(tài)地分析了三個(gè)渠道的逆向技術(shù)溢出與我國(guó)服務(wù)業(yè)全要素生產(chǎn)率之間的關(guān)系。本文運(yùn)用1991-2010年的時(shí)間序列數(shù)據(jù),通過(guò)數(shù)據(jù)的選取和處理,基于協(xié)整檢驗(yàn)和向量誤差修正模型,得出各個(gè)變量之間的長(zhǎng)期均衡關(guān)系和短期對(duì)長(zhǎng)期關(guān)系的修正。最后,通過(guò)基于向量誤差修正模型的格蘭杰因果檢驗(yàn),得出雙變量之間的影響程度。實(shí)證結(jié)果顯示,對(duì)外直接投資逆向技術(shù)溢出和我國(guó)服務(wù)業(yè)全要素生產(chǎn)率之間并無(wú)顯著的正向關(guān)系。這主要是因?yàn)槲覈?guó)技術(shù)獲取型的對(duì)外直接投資規(guī)模較小,這樣小規(guī)模的對(duì)外直接投資并不能對(duì)我國(guó)服務(wù)業(yè)的發(fā)展產(chǎn)生有效的逆向溢出效應(yīng)；我國(guó)企業(yè)對(duì)外直接投資技術(shù)激活機(jī)制欠缺,造成了資源和知識(shí)存量的凝固,沒(méi)有最大程度地活化企業(yè)內(nèi)部的技術(shù)知識(shí)；技術(shù)外溢渠道不通暢,東道國(guó)嚴(yán)格限制其核心技術(shù)和科學(xué)技術(shù)的擴(kuò)散,造成對(duì)外投資中技術(shù)溢出效應(yīng)不明顯。 基于理論和實(shí)證研究,本文認(rèn)為在渠道通暢的前提下,逆向技術(shù)溢出與經(jīng)濟(jì)穩(wěn)態(tài)增長(zhǎng)率呈正相關(guān)關(guān)系,但是實(shí)證檢驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明我國(guó)逆向技術(shù)溢出效應(yīng)并不明顯,因此,本文從企業(yè)、國(guó)家產(chǎn)業(yè)兩個(gè)角度提出相關(guān)政策建議,為我國(guó)充分實(shí)施走出去發(fā)展戰(zhàn)略,積極尋求先進(jìn)技術(shù),最大程度的利用對(duì)西方發(fā)達(dá)國(guó)家直接投資的逆向技術(shù)溢出效應(yīng),使研究成果在短時(shí)間轉(zhuǎn)化提供支持。
[Abstract]:The reverse technology spillover effect of foreign direct investment is the direct investment by the mother country to the host country, the new science and technology of the host country, the high quality research and development resources, the transmission and flow of technical resources from the host country to the home country, so as to improve the level of technical follow-up and innovation of the country. In recent years, the transnational public of the developing countries and the transition economies The company began to continue to enter the markets of the rest of the world, especially in the western developed countries. Some of the multinational companies in China began to find the dominant resources and technology in the world. The overall scale of foreign direct investment has been rising constantly. The transformation from the low end of the industrial chain to the high-end foreign investment is the future development of Chinese enterprises. The key to realize the transformation of Chinese enterprises is to obtain the technical spillover effect in the international market, to accelerate the renewal of the products and to improve the ability of independent innovation.
In this context, this paper thinks about the technological upgrading of Chinese enterprises' foreign direct investment from a strategic perspective, and takes this as the starting point to study the effect of Reverse Technology Spillover on the total factor productivity of China's service industry, and to clarify whether the technology spillover obtained by FDI can promote the upgrading of China's industry. The reverse technology spillover is through which channels have an impact on China's service industry, what is the transmission chain and mechanism of reverse technology spillover, whether the reverse spillover effect is significant, and the policy proposals to fully implement the strategy of going out of development are given.
In the field of theoretical research, this paper analyzes the two ways of technological progress: innovation and imitation. From the path of technological progress based on imitation, three channels for the reverse technology spillover of foreign direct investment are explained. The three channels are through import and export trade, foreign direct investment and foreign direct investment to obtain the spillover of foreign R & D capital. Then, it analyses the transmission chain of reverse technology spillover. The reverse technology spillover shows that science and technology and R & D resources are diffused and permeated in the foreign direct investment. There are certain liquidity characteristics between the host country and the home country enterprises, which breaks the restriction of the output of our traditional investment technology and R & D resources. Finally, based on the model of increasing product variety of endogenous economic growth, this paper establishes a theoretical model of the reverse technology spillover effect between the mother country and the host country in the new direct investment process. In the steady state of steady growth, the more reverse technology spillovers obtained through three channels, the faster the economic growth of the mother country, and the analysis of the economic growth of the country. The mechanism of reverse technology spillover.
In the empirical analysis, the relationship between the reverse technology spillovers of the three channels and the total factor productivity of the service industry in China is analyzed quantitatively and dynamically by establishing the model. In this paper, the data are selected and processed by using the time series data of 1991-2010 years, and based on the cointegration test and the vector error correction model, the various variables are obtained. The long-term equilibrium relationship and the short-term relationship correction. Finally, through the Grainger causality test based on the vector error correction model, the influence degree between the two variables is obtained. The empirical results show that there is no significant positive relationship between the reverse technology spillover of foreign direct investment and the total factor production rate of China's service industry. Because of the small scale of foreign direct investment in China's technology acquisition, the small scale of foreign direct investment can not produce effective reverse spillover effect on the development of our country's service industry. The lack of technology activation mechanism of foreign direct investment in our enterprises has caused the solidification of resources and knowledge storage, and the enterprise does not activate the enterprise to the maximum extent. The internal technical knowledge; the technology spillover channel is not smooth, the host country restricts its core technology and the diffusion of science and technology strictly, which causes the technology spillover effect in foreign investment is not obvious.
Based on the theoretical and empirical research, this paper holds that the reverse technology spillover has a positive correlation with the economic steady growth rate on the premise of channel smooth, but the empirical test results show that the reverse technology spillover effect is not obvious. Therefore, this paper puts forward relevant policy suggestions from two perspectives of enterprises and national industries, which will be fully implemented for our country. To develop strategy, actively seek advanced technology, make the best use of reverse technology spillover effect on direct investment in western developed countries, and provide support for research results in short time transformation.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：江西財(cái)經(jīng)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號(hào)】：F832.6;F719

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