本文選題：ERP + 神華集團　； 參考：《內(nèi)蒙古財經(jīng)大學》2014年碩士論文

【摘要】：隨著科學技術和計算機技術的飛速發(fā)展，信息化技術已經(jīng)滲透到人們生活中的各個領域，小到餐館的餐桌管理和記賬，大到集團企業(yè)的財務管理都可以見到信息化的身影。ERP項目在企業(yè)的實施，已經(jīng)成為改善企業(yè)管理、實現(xiàn)企業(yè)信息化，增強企業(yè)核心競爭力的重要措施。 ERP（企業(yè)資源計劃）系統(tǒng)是先進制造技術的應用代表，其巨大的效用已為西方企業(yè)所證明，在國內(nèi)部分企業(yè)應用過程中取得了良好成效。企業(yè)實施以ERP為代表的信息化工程可以彌補企業(yè)管理資源方面的不足，有效加強企業(yè)內(nèi)部管理能力，整合企業(yè)組織結構，優(yōu)化業(yè)務流程，同時可以把企業(yè)在經(jīng)營管理方面的問題通過量化的數(shù)據(jù)表現(xiàn)出來，為企業(yè)管理者提供清晰和明確的指導性建議。據(jù)相關調(diào)查顯示：85%以上的國外企業(yè)都在用ERP系統(tǒng)武裝自身，ERP已經(jīng)成為國外企業(yè)的商業(yè)管理不可或缺的手段。在國內(nèi)，ERP系統(tǒng)在早期發(fā)展比較緩慢，但在2002年以后，ERP的普及率開始飛速的上升。國內(nèi)ERP廠商的份額已經(jīng)超過國外廠商，而且保持著一種良好的發(fā)展態(tài)勢。 神華集團有限責任公司（簡稱神華集團）作為我國規(guī)模最大、現(xiàn)代化程度最高的煤炭企業(yè)和世界上最大的煤炭經(jīng)銷商，擁有21家子公司，生產(chǎn)煤礦62個，電廠，鐵路公司，碼頭數(shù)家，在冊員工21.15萬，，體積龐大，機構繁多，這就造成企業(yè)在內(nèi)部管理方面面臨嚴峻的挑戰(zhàn)。近年來，由于國家對可再生能源支持力度加大，房地產(chǎn)管控逐漸嚴厲，造成企業(yè)主要業(yè)務—煤炭的生產(chǎn)和銷售受到巨大影響，所以集團在對外尋求新的利潤增漲點的同時，對內(nèi)部管控進行加強和深化的行動也在同步進行，以確保企業(yè)能在危機到來時保持穩(wěn)定有序的發(fā)展，把風險降到最低。 對于神華集團來說，業(yè)務及子分公司眾多導致管理跨度很大，企業(yè)管理部門無法對生產(chǎn)經(jīng)營活動進行直接的管理，只能通過子分公司管理部門對經(jīng)營活動進行間接的監(jiān)管和控制，這勢必更多的依賴于內(nèi)部控制機制的執(zhí)行力度。內(nèi)部控制機制的有效性直接影響集團業(yè)務的正常運行、資本的安全完整，以及對風險的管理能力。于此同時，在信息技術飛速發(fā)展的今天，普通的內(nèi)控管理手段由于在時效性和直接性方面存在著先天的缺陷而逐漸被信息化手段替代。 ERP系統(tǒng)的實施即是企業(yè)信息化建設的一個環(huán)節(jié)，又是信息化社會發(fā)展的必然趨勢。但是ERP系統(tǒng)在企業(yè)的實施并非一帆風順。經(jīng)研究表明，有接近六成的企業(yè)不能達到原來的預期，所以ERP對企業(yè)來說是機遇與威脅并存的高風險項目。神華集團管理層通過廣泛的調(diào)研和深入的分析，采取了一系列措施來提高ERP系統(tǒng)應用的成功幾率。 本文在學習和借鑒前人相關研究的成果的基礎上，結合神華集團的實際情況，擬探索出一條適合企業(yè)ERP應用之路，也是本文寫作的目的所在。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of science and technology and computer technology, information technology has penetrated into every field of people's life, from restaurant table management and bookkeeping, The implementation of ERP project in enterprises has become an important measure to improve enterprise management, realize enterprise informatization and enhance the core competitiveness of enterprises. ERP (Enterprise Resource Planning) system is the representative of the application of advanced manufacturing technology. Its huge utility has been proved by western enterprises and has achieved good results in the application process of some domestic enterprises. The implementation of information engineering represented by ERP can make up for the shortage of enterprise management resources, effectively strengthen the internal management ability of enterprises, integrate the organizational structure of enterprises, and optimize business processes. At the same time, the problems in business management can be expressed through quantitative data to provide clear and clear guidance for enterprise managers. According to the related survey, more than 85% of foreign enterprises are arming themselves with ERP system, which has become an indispensable means of business management of foreign enterprises. In China, ERP system developed slowly in the early stage, but the popularization rate of ERP began to rise rapidly after 2002. The domestic ERP manufacturer's share has already surpassed the foreign manufacturer, and maintains one kind of good development tendency. Shenhua Group Co., Ltd. (Shenhua Group), as the largest and most modernized coal enterprise in China and the largest coal distributor in the world, has 21 subsidiaries, producing 62 coal mines, power plants and railway companies. Several docks, with 211500 registered employees, are large and numerous, which makes the enterprise face severe challenges in internal management. In recent years, because the state has increased its support for renewable energy and the real estate control has been gradually tightened, the production and sales of coal, the main business of the enterprise, have been greatly affected, so the group is looking for a new profit growth point at the same time. Actions to strengthen and deepen internal controls are also taking place simultaneously to ensure that companies can maintain stable and orderly development and minimize risks when a crisis strikes. For Shenhua Group, the large number of business and sub-branches has led to a very large span of management, and the enterprise management department is unable to directly manage the production and operation activities. Only through the management of the sub-branch of the indirect supervision and control of business activities, which is bound to rely more on the implementation of the internal control mechanism. The effectiveness of internal control mechanism directly affects the normal operation of group business, the safety and integrity of capital, and the ability of risk management. At the same time, with the rapid development of information technology, the common internal control management means is gradually replaced by information means because of the inherent defects in timeliness and directness. The implementation of ERP system is not only a link of enterprise information construction, but also an inevitable trend of the development of information society. But the implementation of ERP system in the enterprise is not smooth sailing. The research shows that nearly 60% of the enterprises can not meet the original expectations, so ERP is a high-risk project with both opportunities and threats. Through extensive research and in-depth analysis, the management of Shenhua Group has taken a series of measures to improve the chances of success in the application of ERP system. On the basis of studying and drawing lessons from previous related research results and combining with the actual situation of Shenhua Group, this paper intends to explore a suitable way for the application of ERP in enterprises, which is also the purpose of this paper.
【學位授予單位】：內(nèi)蒙古財經(jīng)大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：F426.21;F270.7

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