本文關鍵詞：關于我國房地產泡沫的法律研究　出處：《河南師范大學》2014年碩士論文　論文類型：學位論文

  更多相關文章： 房地產 泡沫 法律完善

【摘要】：在中國人傳統的思想里，住房是我們日常生活中重要的一部分，保障公民的居住權利，不僅有利于社會的穩(wěn)定，還有利于經濟的發(fā)展。我國自20世紀90年代末實施住房制度改革以來，已經有十多年的時間。我國的房地產業(yè)經過快速發(fā)展，已經成為我國經濟發(fā)展的支柱性產業(yè)。商品房逐漸占據了市場的主體地位。房屋不只是生活資料還具有投資的價值。近幾年來，雖然國家出臺了很多調控政策，但房價還是一路飆升，百姓對高房價的不滿情緒也日益高漲，關于我國房地產業(yè)泡沫的探討已經成為學術界的熱點。 本文分析了我國房地產發(fā)展的過程，根據不同年份房地產業(yè)發(fā)展的特點把我國的房地產業(yè)分為快速發(fā)展、穩(wěn)定發(fā)展、泡沫嚴重三個階段。通過對比美國、日本、泰國及中國香港的房地產泡沫，采用指標式的方法，，選用房價收入比、房屋租售比及地價增長率與GDP增長率的比值三個指標，論證了我國房地產業(yè)存在泡沫。分析了產生泡沫的主要原因在于寬松的貨幣環(huán)境造成的投資熱情高漲，銀行也放松銀根，發(fā)放了大量的房地產企業(yè)貸款及個人住房貸款，導致房價大幅上漲，吸引了大量的投機者，國外熱錢也大量涌入房地產業(yè)，導致房地產市場價格與價值相差甚遠，房地產業(yè)泡沫嚴重。 房地產業(yè)是國家的經濟支柱，一旦出現問題，后果將波及到社會各個方面。大量的中產階級面臨破產，個人房屋貸款違約率增高，由于房地產業(yè)的低迷，土地價格受到影響，銀行的土地抵押價值縮水。社會貧富差距將進一步加大，大量社會財富蒸發(fā)，通貨膨脹嚴重。除此之外，嚴重的房地產泡沫還會引起社會上爛尾樓增多，造成資源浪費。 對此，本文從法律角度的對這些問題提出解決辦法，提出從土地出讓、開發(fā)施工以及市場流通三個方面來加強法律監(jiān)管。改變地方政府對于土地財政的依賴，通過征收房產稅來增加政府收入，規(guī)范土地出讓流程，立法土地出讓程序。同時，嚴格對房地產開發(fā)企業(yè)的監(jiān)管，嚴格審查房地產業(yè)開發(fā)企業(yè)的申請資格，完善準入機制，嚴格對房地產開發(fā)企業(yè)的貸款資金用處進行專項監(jiān)督，限制工程抵押等。對于擴大國家保障房規(guī)模，完善保障房的申請制度。增加投機者持有房屋的成本，并且完善我國的住房公積金制度。從而建立起運行良好的房地產市場，使其真正成為國家經濟的支柱產業(yè)。
[Abstract]:In the traditional Chinese thinking, housing is an important part of our daily life, the protection of citizens' right to live is not only conducive to social stability. China has been implementing housing system reform for more than ten years since the end of 1990s. China's real estate industry has undergone rapid development. Commercial housing has gradually occupied the main position of the market. Housing not only means of living but also has the value of investment. In recent years, although the state has issued a lot of regulatory policies. However, the price of real estate is still soaring, the people's discontent about the high house price is also rising day by day, the discussion about the real estate bubble of our country has become the hot spot of the academic circles. This paper analyzes the process of real estate development in China. According to the characteristics of real estate development in different years, the real estate industry in China is divided into three stages: rapid development, stable development and serious bubble. The real estate bubble in Japan, Thailand and Hong Kong, China, adopts the index method, chooses the price income ratio, the housing rental sale ratio and the ratio of the land price growth rate and the GDP growth rate. This paper demonstrates the existence of bubbles in China's real estate industry, and analyzes that the main reasons for the bubbles are the upsurge of investment enthusiasm caused by the loose monetary environment, and the relaxation of banks' monetary resources. Issued a large number of real estate loans and personal housing loans, resulting in a large rise in house prices, attracted a large number of speculators, foreign hot money also poured into the real estate industry. The real estate market price and the value difference is very far, the real estate industry bubble is serious. Real estate is the pillar of the national economy, once problems, the consequences will affect all aspects of society. A large number of middle class face bankruptcy, personal housing loan default rate increased, due to the downturn in the real estate industry. Land prices have been affected, the value of bank land mortgages has shrunk, the gap between the rich and the poor in society will widen further, a large amount of social wealth will evaporate, and inflation will be severe. The serious real estate bubble will also cause the society to increase the number of uncompleted buildings, resulting in a waste of resources. In view of this, this article from the legal point of view of these problems proposed solutions, from the land transfer, development and construction and market circulation to strengthen legal supervision and change the local government on land finance dependence. Through the collection of property tax to increase government revenue, standardize the land transfer process, legislation of land transfer procedures. At the same time, strict supervision of real estate development enterprises, strict examination of the real estate development enterprise application qualifications. Perfect access mechanism, strictly monitor the use of loan funds of real estate development enterprises, limit the project mortgage, etc. To expand the scale of national indemnificatory apartment. Improve indemnificatory apartment's application system, increase the cost of speculators to hold housing, and improve the housing provident fund system in China, so as to establish a well-functioning real estate market. Make it become the pillar industry of national economy really.
【學位授予單位】：河南師范大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：D922.29;F299.23

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本文編號：1422011