黑龍江省拜泉縣農村養(yǎng)老保障問題研究
發(fā)布時間：2019-03-13 13:08
【摘要】：2011年,我國進行了第六次全國人口普查,從普查數(shù)據(jù)中得知,我國的60歲及65歲以上老年人口占我國總人口的比例分別達到了13.26%和8.87%。與2006年全國的第五次人口普查數(shù)據(jù)相比較,分別上升了2.93和1.91個百分點。由此可見,我國的人口老齡化發(fā)展程度呈現(xiàn)出了逐步上漲的趨勢,且這種趨勢逐步加強。與此同時根據(jù)相關專家的預測,截止到21世紀20年代末,我國農村中65歲及65歲以上的老年人口的比例將會達到15.6%,相比農村而言,城市則將達到9.0%；但是更為嚴重的是,到了2050年,這個數(shù)字農村將會增長為32.7%,城市將會增長為21.2%。顯而易見,在我國,農村與城市相比較,農村將比城市面臨著更大更具強度的社會養(yǎng)老壓力。顯然,農村是解決我國人口老齡化問題即養(yǎng)老問題的關鍵地方。黑龍江省作為我國的人口大省,農村與城市比較而言,農村老年人口基數(shù)大,老齡化速度發(fā)展快,老年人口數(shù)量增長快,為此老齡化帶來的養(yǎng)老問題顯得尤為突出。改革開放以來,經過兒十年的探索,我國乃至我省先后建立起了日益完善的城鎮(zhèn)居民養(yǎng)老保障制度,并于2009年開始,在黑龍江省開始試點推行新型農村養(yǎng)老保障制度。即便如此農村養(yǎng)老保障問題并未從根本上加以解決,尤其在已有的傳統(tǒng)家庭養(yǎng)老功能日益弱化的今天,仍有很大一部分農村老年人徘徊在養(yǎng)老資源保障制度的邊緣之外。由以上所述可以得出,真正解決農村老年人口的養(yǎng)老問題也就成為了當前社會一個非常重要的理論和實踐面臨的新課題。 本文選取黑龍江省拜泉縣為具體的研究對象,2011年第六次人口普查顯示,黑龍江省拜泉縣共有519766人,其中農村人口42萬人,農村人口中60歲以上老年人口為27039人,農村養(yǎng)老壓力顯而易見。首先結合國家當前對農村養(yǎng)老保障的大政方針、時事政策情況和拜泉縣政府對農村養(yǎng)老保障制度的具體實施情況提出研究目的、研究意義及研究方法,介紹了國內外在農村養(yǎng)老保障方面的研究動態(tài)；接著,界定了農村養(yǎng)老保障的相關概念,提出了農村養(yǎng)老保障研究的相關理論基礎；通過實地走訪調研、發(fā)放調查問卷等方式,得出黑龍江省齊齊哈爾市拜泉縣農村現(xiàn)有養(yǎng)老模式包括家庭養(yǎng)老方式、社會養(yǎng)老方式、機構養(yǎng)老方式、農村商業(yè)養(yǎng)老保險方式四種方式。綜合運用文獻閱讀、分析法,定量分析、定性分析等方法對黑龍江省拜泉縣農村老年人的現(xiàn)狀、農村養(yǎng)老保障的現(xiàn)狀等進行了闡述；并用主成分分析方法,運用SPSS統(tǒng)計軟件對包括拜泉縣在內的黑龍江省的27個縣域的農村養(yǎng)老保障發(fā)展情況進行橫向對比分析,意在對比分析中得到拜泉縣農村養(yǎng)老保障的發(fā)展在27個縣域中處于什么樣的狀態(tài)和水平。分析結果表明拜泉縣農村養(yǎng)老保障較其它縣域相比在發(fā)展中處于較低水平,并對此分析結果總結出其所存在的問題。最后針對問題中涉及的拜泉縣農村養(yǎng)老保障的各責任主體的具體職責以及如何完善地解決黑龍江省拜泉縣農村養(yǎng)老保障問題的對策等進行了深入的剖析,試圖為解決拜泉縣甚至我省的農村養(yǎng)老保障的問題上提供現(xiàn)實的理論基礎和實踐操作經驗,真正地使多種養(yǎng)老方式所起到的合力作用得到發(fā)揮。
[Abstract]:In 2011, the sixth national census was conducted in China, and from the survey data, the proportion of the population aged 60 and above in China accounted for 13.26% and 8.87%, respectively. Compared with the fifth national census data in 2006, 2.93 and 1.91 percentage points respectively rose. It can be seen that the development of the population aging in our country has shown the trend of the gradual increase, and this trend is gradually strengthened. At the same time, according to the forecast by the relevant experts, the proportion of the old people aged 65 and above in the rural areas of our country will reach 15.6% by the end of the 1920s, compared with the rural areas, the city will reach 9.0%; however, it is more serious that by 2050, The number of rural areas will grow to 32.7% and the city will grow by 21.2%. It is obvious that in our country, the rural areas are compared with the cities, and the rural areas will be more and more strong social pension pressure than the city. It is clear that the rural area is the key place to solve the problem of the aging of our country, that is, the old-age problem. As a large province in our country, in the rural and urban areas, the rural old population has a large population base, the aging speed is fast, the number of old people is growing fast, and the old-age problem caused by the aging is especially outstanding. Since the reform and opening-up, through the exploration of the past ten years, our country and even our province have established a perfect pension system for urban residents, and in 2009, the new rural old-age pension system was introduced in Heilongjiang province. Even so, the problem of the rural old-age security is not fundamentally solved, especially in the existing traditional family old-age function, a large part of the rural old people are still hanging out of the edge of the security system of the old-age resources. From the above, it can be concluded that the problem of the old-age for the elderly in the rural areas is a very important theory and practice of the present society. This paper selects the Baiquan County of Heilongjiang Province as the specific research object. The sixth census in 2011 shows that there are 519766 people in Baiquan County, Heilongjiang Province. The population of the rural population is 4.2 million. The population of the rural population aged 60 and above is 270,39, and the rural old-age pressure is obvious and easy. First of all, the research purpose, significance and research method of the country's current policy, current affairs policy and the government's specific implementation of the rural old-age security system are put forward in the light of the state's current policy, current affairs policy and the government's implementation of the rural old-age security system. In this paper, the relevant concepts of the rural old-age security are defined, and the relevant theoretical basis for the study of the rural old-age security is put forward. Through the field visit, the questionnaire and so on, the present old-age-care model in the rural areas of the Baiquan County, Qiqihar, Heilongjiang Province, is obtained, including the family support The four parties of the formula, the social pension scheme, the institution's old-age way, the rural commercial endowment insurance mode The present situation of the rural elderly in Baiquan County, Heilongjiang Province, the present situation of the rural old-age security in the rural areas of Baiquan County of Heilongjiang Province are discussed in this paper. The main component is used to analyze the situation of the old people in the rural areas of Baiquan County, Heilongjiang Province. By using SPSS statistical software, the development of rural old-age security in 27 counties of Heilongjiang province, including Baiquan County, is compared and analyzed, and it is intended to compare the status and water of the development of the rural old-age security in Baiquan County in 27 counties. The results of the analysis show that the rural old-age security in Baiquan county is at a low level in the development of other counties, and the analysis results are summarized in this paper. In the end, the detailed responsibility of the main body of the rural old-age security in Baiquan County, which is involved in the problem, and how to perfect the countermeasures for solving the problem of the old-age security in the rural areas of Baiquan County, Heilongjiang Province, etc. In this paper, the author tries to provide a realistic theoretical foundation and practical operation experience for solving the problems of the rural old-age security in Baiquan county and even in our province, and truly make the combined effect of the various old-age ways
【學位授予單位】：東北農業(yè)大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：F842.67;F323.89
本文編號：2439415
[Abstract]:In 2011, the sixth national census was conducted in China, and from the survey data, the proportion of the population aged 60 and above in China accounted for 13.26% and 8.87%, respectively. Compared with the fifth national census data in 2006, 2.93 and 1.91 percentage points respectively rose. It can be seen that the development of the population aging in our country has shown the trend of the gradual increase, and this trend is gradually strengthened. At the same time, according to the forecast by the relevant experts, the proportion of the old people aged 65 and above in the rural areas of our country will reach 15.6% by the end of the 1920s, compared with the rural areas, the city will reach 9.0%; however, it is more serious that by 2050, The number of rural areas will grow to 32.7% and the city will grow by 21.2%. It is obvious that in our country, the rural areas are compared with the cities, and the rural areas will be more and more strong social pension pressure than the city. It is clear that the rural area is the key place to solve the problem of the aging of our country, that is, the old-age problem. As a large province in our country, in the rural and urban areas, the rural old population has a large population base, the aging speed is fast, the number of old people is growing fast, and the old-age problem caused by the aging is especially outstanding. Since the reform and opening-up, through the exploration of the past ten years, our country and even our province have established a perfect pension system for urban residents, and in 2009, the new rural old-age pension system was introduced in Heilongjiang province. Even so, the problem of the rural old-age security is not fundamentally solved, especially in the existing traditional family old-age function, a large part of the rural old people are still hanging out of the edge of the security system of the old-age resources. From the above, it can be concluded that the problem of the old-age for the elderly in the rural areas is a very important theory and practice of the present society. This paper selects the Baiquan County of Heilongjiang Province as the specific research object. The sixth census in 2011 shows that there are 519766 people in Baiquan County, Heilongjiang Province. The population of the rural population is 4.2 million. The population of the rural population aged 60 and above is 270,39, and the rural old-age pressure is obvious and easy. First of all, the research purpose, significance and research method of the country's current policy, current affairs policy and the government's specific implementation of the rural old-age security system are put forward in the light of the state's current policy, current affairs policy and the government's implementation of the rural old-age security system. In this paper, the relevant concepts of the rural old-age security are defined, and the relevant theoretical basis for the study of the rural old-age security is put forward. Through the field visit, the questionnaire and so on, the present old-age-care model in the rural areas of the Baiquan County, Qiqihar, Heilongjiang Province, is obtained, including the family support The four parties of the formula, the social pension scheme, the institution's old-age way, the rural commercial endowment insurance mode The present situation of the rural elderly in Baiquan County, Heilongjiang Province, the present situation of the rural old-age security in the rural areas of Baiquan County of Heilongjiang Province are discussed in this paper. The main component is used to analyze the situation of the old people in the rural areas of Baiquan County, Heilongjiang Province. By using SPSS statistical software, the development of rural old-age security in 27 counties of Heilongjiang province, including Baiquan County, is compared and analyzed, and it is intended to compare the status and water of the development of the rural old-age security in Baiquan County in 27 counties. The results of the analysis show that the rural old-age security in Baiquan county is at a low level in the development of other counties, and the analysis results are summarized in this paper. In the end, the detailed responsibility of the main body of the rural old-age security in Baiquan County, which is involved in the problem, and how to perfect the countermeasures for solving the problem of the old-age security in the rural areas of Baiquan County, Heilongjiang Province, etc. In this paper, the author tries to provide a realistic theoretical foundation and practical operation experience for solving the problems of the rural old-age security in Baiquan county and even in our province, and truly make the combined effect of the various old-age ways
【學位授予單位】：東北農業(yè)大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：F842.67;F323.89
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