本文選題：社會(huì)養(yǎng)老保險(xiǎn)制度銜接　切入點(diǎn)：轉(zhuǎn)嫁風(fēng)險(xiǎn)　出處：《河南大學(xué)》2013年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：養(yǎng)老保險(xiǎn)制度作為一項(xiàng)社會(huì)制度兼具了理論性和政策性的特征，所以對(duì)養(yǎng)老保險(xiǎn)制度的研究可以從理論層面研究，也可以從政策層面研究。但理論研究和政策研究往往是分不開的，目前對(duì)養(yǎng)老保險(xiǎn)制度的研究多是圍繞這兩方面進(jìn)行研究，只是側(cè)重點(diǎn)不同。對(duì)社會(huì)養(yǎng)老保險(xiǎn)的制度銜接風(fēng)險(xiǎn)研究，同樣兼具了兩方面的研究，但是側(cè)重于政策研究。養(yǎng)老保險(xiǎn)的制度銜接應(yīng)屬于養(yǎng)老保險(xiǎn)的政策性措施，但是該政策的出臺(tái)有其理論依據(jù)。公平作為社會(huì)保險(xiǎn)的核心理念，也是養(yǎng)老保險(xiǎn)制度研究和發(fā)展的理論基礎(chǔ)，為了實(shí)現(xiàn)養(yǎng)老保險(xiǎn)的公平性，養(yǎng)老保險(xiǎn)制度經(jīng)歷了一個(gè)�；�、廣覆蓋的發(fā)展歷程，在這個(gè)過(guò)程中養(yǎng)老保險(xiǎn)制度普惠性特征也越來(lái)越明顯，但是隨之也帶來(lái)一些新的問(wèn)題，就是各種養(yǎng)老保險(xiǎn)制度的銜接影響了養(yǎng)老權(quán)益的獲得，為了彌補(bǔ)這種制度的缺陷，相應(yīng)的政策措施陸續(xù)出臺(tái)，銜接辦法的出臺(tái)使養(yǎng)老保險(xiǎn)權(quán)益恢復(fù)了便攜性，各種養(yǎng)老保險(xiǎn)制度可以實(shí)現(xiàn)銜接，但是依然存在著問(wèn)題，就是制度所帶來(lái)的銜接風(fēng)險(xiǎn)問(wèn)題。從制度到政策再?gòu)恼叩街贫仁且粋�(gè)循環(huán)，，在這個(gè)循環(huán)過(guò)程中，制度的評(píng)估尤其是對(duì)制度風(fēng)險(xiǎn)的評(píng)估就顯得尤其的重要。而目前養(yǎng)老保險(xiǎn)制度的發(fā)展路徑陷入了一個(gè)惡性循環(huán)的過(guò)程，造成這個(gè)結(jié)果的一個(gè)重要原因是政策在出臺(tái)時(shí)缺少整體性考慮，更沒(méi)有相關(guān)的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)評(píng)估。 目前學(xué)術(shù)界存在著大量對(duì)養(yǎng)老保險(xiǎn)制度銜接相關(guān)問(wèn)題的研究，但是對(duì)制度銜接中存在的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)的研究還比較欠缺，并且制度銜接的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)研究多是以養(yǎng)老保險(xiǎn)制度本身為視角，進(jìn)行研究。隨著各種養(yǎng)老保險(xiǎn)制度的相繼出臺(tái)，各種制度的合理銜接就成為一個(gè)影響?zhàn)B老保險(xiǎn)制度效率的關(guān)鍵因素，對(duì)養(yǎng)老保險(xiǎn)制度的銜接也應(yīng)站在一個(gè)更高的角度進(jìn)行研究。以社會(huì)保險(xiǎn)的整體為視角，來(lái)研究社會(huì)養(yǎng)老保險(xiǎn)的制度銜接就顯得更有意義，能更加全面的分析社會(huì)養(yǎng)老制度銜接中存在的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。以社會(huì)保險(xiǎn)為視角研究養(yǎng)老保險(xiǎn)的制度銜接風(fēng)險(xiǎn)可以將社會(huì)養(yǎng)老保險(xiǎn)的制度銜接風(fēng)險(xiǎn)分為制度外銜接風(fēng)險(xiǎn)和制度內(nèi)銜接風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。制度外銜接風(fēng)險(xiǎn)主要分析社會(huì)養(yǎng)老保險(xiǎn)與社會(huì)保險(xiǎn)其他險(xiǎn)種項(xiàng)目之間的銜接風(fēng)險(xiǎn)，主要是與工傷保險(xiǎn)和退休制度之間的銜接風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。而制度內(nèi)銜接風(fēng)險(xiǎn)主要分析社會(huì)城鄉(xiāng)各種養(yǎng)老保險(xiǎn)制度銜接風(fēng)險(xiǎn)以及城鎮(zhèn)職工基本養(yǎng)老保險(xiǎn)制度的轉(zhuǎn)移接續(xù)。從整體的角度來(lái)考慮，目前社會(huì)養(yǎng)老保險(xiǎn)的制度銜接風(fēng)險(xiǎn)主要表現(xiàn)為雙重繳費(fèi)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)，轉(zhuǎn)嫁風(fēng)險(xiǎn)、操作風(fēng)險(xiǎn)以及基金支付風(fēng)險(xiǎn)，而這些風(fēng)險(xiǎn)產(chǎn)生是由社會(huì)層面和制度層面的原因造成的，社會(huì)層面的原因主要表現(xiàn)為經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展期人口的大量流動(dòng)，以及地區(qū)之間經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展的差異性，但是社會(huì)層面的原因并不能成為風(fēng)險(xiǎn)產(chǎn)生的主要原因，制度層面的原因是造成風(fēng)險(xiǎn)產(chǎn)生的主要原因。制度層面的原因主要表現(xiàn)為制度設(shè)計(jì)時(shí)缺少整體性和關(guān)聯(lián)性的分析，以政策的出臺(tái)彌補(bǔ)這種欠缺所需的成本是巨大的，大量風(fēng)險(xiǎn)的存在也說(shuō)明參數(shù)性的改革并不能從根本上解決問(wèn)題，但是制度設(shè)計(jì)存在著這樣的路徑依賴，這就形成一種悖論，制度的欠缺需要進(jìn)行參數(shù)性改革，但是參數(shù)性的改革又帶來(lái)的新的問(wèn)題，這種悖論的存在就顯得無(wú)法避免。所以解決這一現(xiàn)狀，就需要從微觀、中觀、宏觀層面進(jìn)行考慮，將整體性的改革和參數(shù)性改革結(jié)合起來(lái)，更能兼顧制度的現(xiàn)實(shí)性和理想性。從微觀層面出發(fā)，做好制度的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)評(píng)估體系是關(guān)鍵，建立起風(fēng)險(xiǎn)評(píng)估的指標(biāo)體系，使制度的評(píng)估改變以往的定性評(píng)估，和定量評(píng)估結(jié)合起來(lái)，這種結(jié)合能更好的反映制度運(yùn)行的效率，及時(shí)解決存在的問(wèn)題。而從中觀層面出發(fā)，需要盡快提高養(yǎng)老保險(xiǎn)的統(tǒng)籌層次，養(yǎng)老保險(xiǎn)統(tǒng)籌層次低是造成養(yǎng)老保險(xiǎn)制度銜接風(fēng)險(xiǎn)產(chǎn)生的一個(gè)重要原因，養(yǎng)老保險(xiǎn)的統(tǒng)籌層次低的一個(gè)最大的后果就是養(yǎng)老保險(xiǎn)基金的分散管理，基金不能進(jìn)行合理的投資經(jīng)營(yíng)，基金的貶值就很難避免，養(yǎng)老保險(xiǎn)基金的支付風(fēng)險(xiǎn)就隨之產(chǎn)生，所以提高養(yǎng)老保險(xiǎn)的統(tǒng)籌層次非常關(guān)鍵。但要從根本上規(guī)避這些風(fēng)險(xiǎn)，宏觀上應(yīng)加快社會(huì)樣養(yǎng)老保險(xiǎn)的頂層設(shè)計(jì)，形成多支柱的養(yǎng)老保險(xiǎn)體系，改變社會(huì)養(yǎng)老保險(xiǎn)碎片化的現(xiàn)狀，在制度設(shè)計(jì)時(shí)，進(jìn)行制度的整體性和關(guān)聯(lián)性分析，實(shí)現(xiàn)制度的合理性和科學(xué)性。
[Abstract]:The endowment insurance system as a social system with the characteristics of theory and policy, so the research on the endowment insurance system from the theoretical study, can also study from the policy level. But the theory research and policy research are inseparable, the present research on the endowment insurance system is researched these two aspects, just with different emphasis. Cohesion Risk Study on social endowment insurance system, also has two aspects of research, but focusing on policy research. The endowment insurance system interface should belong to the pension insurance policy measures, but the introduction of the policy has its theoretical basis. Fairness as a core concept of social insurance. It is the theoretical basis of the research and development of endowment insurance system, in order to realize the fairness of old-age insurance, endowment insurance system has experienced a course of development of basic security, wide coverage, in The endowment insurance system in the process of inclusive characteristics is becoming more and more obvious, but it also brings some new problems, is the convergence of various pension insurance system affects the access to pension rights, in order to compensate for this system, the corresponding policy measures have been introduced, the introduction of the connection methods of pension rights restored portability. All kinds of endowment insurance system can achieve convergence, but there are still problems, cohesion risk problem is brought about by the system. From the system to the policy from the policy to the system is a cycle, in this cycle process, especially the evaluation system of the system risk assessment is particularly important. At present, the development path of pension the insurance system into a vicious spiral, one important reason for this result is the lack of policy introduced in the overall consideration, no more Risk assessment.
At present, the academic circles has problems related to pension insurance system convergence but on a lot of research on risks of system convergence in the research is still relatively lacking, risk and cohesive system is based on the endowment insurance system from the perspective of research. With all of the endowment insurance system have been introduced, the reasonable connection of various system it becomes the key factor of influencing the efficiency of endowment insurance system, the convergence of endowment insurance system should also be studied at a higher angle. The whole social insurance system from the perspective of the research on the connection of social pension insurance is more meaningful, more comprehensive analysis of the connection between the social pension the risk of the system. With the social insurance system for old-age insurance of cohesion from the perspective of risk can be the risk of social endowment insurance system cohesion is divided into system risk and cohesion The system of cohesion outside the system risk. The connection between the main risk risk analysis of social pension insurance and other insurance project, mainly is the cohesion risk between industrial injury insurance and retirement system. The transfer of cohesion risk within the system analyzes the urban and rural social endowment insurance system cohesion of various risk and urban workers' basic pension insurance system connection from the overall perspective, the current social endowment insurance system cohesion risk is mainly manifested as double payment risk, transfer risk, operational risk and fund risk, and these risks are caused by the social level and institutional level, social level mainly for economic development in the period of a large number of floating population. The difference of economic development between regions and the reasons, but the society does not become the main cause of risk, The institutional reasons is mainly caused by the risk. The institutional reasons mainly for the design of the system the lack of integrity analysis and relevance, the introduction of the policy to make up the lack of the necessary cost is huge, lots of risks also shows that the reform of the parameters and can not fundamentally solve the problem, but there is such a system design depends on the path, which formed a paradox, lack of system parameters need to be reform, but the reform of the parameters brings new problems, this paradox has become inevitable. So to solve this situation, we need to consider from the micro, meso and macro level that will reform and parameter of overall combination of more reality and ideal balance system. From the micro perspective, completes the system risk assessment system is the key to set up wind The index system of risk evaluation, the evaluation system to change the qualitative evaluation and quantitative evaluation of the past, together, this combination can better reflect the operation efficiency of the system, and solve problems timely. Starting from the meso level, to improve the overall level of endowment insurance as soon as possible, the overall level of old-age insurance is an important cause of low the reason of endowment insurance system cohesion risks, decentralized management is one of the largest consequences of the overall level of endowment insurance is low endowment insurance fund, the fund can not carry out rational investment management, fund depreciation is hard to avoid, the old-age insurance fund payment risk arose, so as to improve the overall level of endowment insurance is the key to avoid these risks. But fundamentally, the macro should accelerate top-level design social endowment insurance, endowment insurance system to form a multi pillar, social change In the system design, the integrity and relevance of the system are analyzed in order to realize the rationality and scientificity of the system.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：河南大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號(hào)】：F842.67

【參考文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前1條

1 戴星;;中國(guó)基本養(yǎng)老保險(xiǎn)制度對(duì)接及策略[J];黨政干部學(xué)刊;2010年03期

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