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  本文選題：黑龍江省　切入點：失地農民　出處：《遼寧大學》2014年碩士論文　論文類型：學位論文

【摘要】：隨著全國各地城市化進程不斷提高，城市面積的擴大和城市化率的提升在為我國經(jīng)濟發(fā)展提供有利條件的同時，也致使大量農民失去了賴以生存的土地。土地不僅是農民的重要財富而且務農也是廣大農民的主要生存方式，農耕收入以及土地租賃收入更是農民收入的主要來源。失去土地后，農民不僅失去了一項最重要的家庭財富而且要被迫改變生活方式。大部分失地農民受傳統(tǒng)觀念和自身技能素質的限制，難以在城鎮(zhèn)就業(yè)，在城鎮(zhèn)暫時實現(xiàn)就業(yè)的失地農民也往往從事著環(huán)境差、條件艱苦的體力勞動，并且收入來源也很不穩(wěn)定。這些因城市化而產生的失地農民是我國國民經(jīng)濟發(fā)展的貢獻者，但不能讓失地農民成為我國經(jīng)濟發(fā)展的犧牲者。 黑龍江省作為農業(yè)大省，失地農民的養(yǎng)老保障問題顯得尤為突出。黑龍江省出臺了以《黑龍江省失地農民安置暫行辦法》為代表的一系列文件，旨在保障失地農民的權益，目前在全省范圍內已基本實現(xiàn)新農保的全面覆蓋。但是對于如何安置失地農民和對其進行補償?shù)确矫孢�沒有出臺針對性的法律法規(guī)，更沒有完善的制度對其利益進行保障。更為嚴重的是，在失地農民養(yǎng)老保障資金來源、資金監(jiān)管、失地農民利益表達機制等方面存在制度缺失，，這使得失地農民的利益受到極大地損害，為社會的安定繁榮造成了負面影響。因此，解決失地農民安置保障問題刻不容緩。 本文第一章介紹相關概念及理論基礎，著重介紹了社會分層理論、土地價格理論和二元結構理論,并以這三個理論作為研究的理論基礎。第二章，分析黑龍江省養(yǎng)老保障的現(xiàn)狀及黑龍江省養(yǎng)老保障制度存在的問題，通過查閱文獻和實地調研獲得所需數(shù)據(jù)并分析黑龍江省失地農民養(yǎng)老保障存在的問題。第三章運用SPSS統(tǒng)計分析對黑龍江省失地農民養(yǎng)老保障資金缺口進行分析預測，得出缺口應由政府負擔的結論。第四章計算政府彌補養(yǎng)老金缺口條件下，政府的支付比例。最后根據(jù)研究結果得出結論并針對目前存在的問題提出對應的建議。
[Abstract]:With the continuous improvement of urbanization in various parts of the country, the expansion of urban area and the increase of urbanization rate provide favorable conditions for the economic development of our country at the same time. As a result, a large number of farmers have lost the land on which they depend for survival. Land is not only an important wealth for farmers, but also a major way for farmers to survive. Farm income and land rental income are the main sources of farmers' income. Farmers not only lost one of their most important family wealth but were forced to change their way of life. Most landless farmers were constrained by traditional ideas and their own skills, and found it difficult to find employment in cities and towns. Landless farmers who temporarily obtain employment in cities and towns are also often engaged in physical labor with poor environment, difficult conditions, and unstable sources of income. These land-losing peasants caused by urbanization are contributors to the development of the national economy in our country. But we can't let the landless peasants become the victims of our country's economic development. As a large agricultural province, the problem of the old-age security for landless farmers in Heilongjiang Province is particularly prominent. Heilongjiang Province has issued a series of documents, represented by the interim measures for the Placement of Land-lost Peasants in Heilongjiang Province, in order to safeguard the rights and interests of landless farmers. At present, the comprehensive coverage of new rural insurance has been basically realized throughout the province. However, there are still no specific laws and regulations on how to resettle and compensate landless farmers. Moreover, there is no perfect system to protect their interests. What is more serious is that there are institutional deficiencies in the sources of endowment security funds for landless farmers, the supervision of funds, and the mechanism for expressing the interests of landless farmers. This causes great damage to the interests of landless farmers and has a negative impact on the stability and prosperity of the society. Therefore, it is urgent to solve the problem of the settlement and security of landless peasants. The first chapter introduces the related concepts and theoretical basis, focusing on the social stratification theory, land price theory and dual structure theory, and taking these three theories as the theoretical basis. This paper analyzes the present situation of the old-age security in Heilongjiang Province and the problems existing in the old-age security system in Heilongjiang Province. Through consulting literature and field investigation to obtain the needed data and analyze the existing problems of the old-age security of land-lost farmers in Heilongjiang Province. Chapter three uses SPSS statistical analysis to analyze and forecast the gap of pension funds of land-lost farmers in Heilongjiang Province. The conclusion is that the gap should be borne by the government. Chapter 4th calculates the proportion of government payment under the condition that the government makes up the gap of pension. Finally, according to the research results, the paper draws a conclusion and puts forward corresponding suggestions in view of the existing problems.
【學位授予單位】：遼寧大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：F323.89;F842.67

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