【摘要】：本文通過(guò)對(duì)個(gè)體生命歷程的考察,從微觀視角探討蘇南20世紀(jì)80年代以來(lái)的城鎮(zhèn)化路徑轉(zhuǎn)變以及轉(zhuǎn)型中的農(nóng)民市民化進(jìn)程。地方政府在中國(guó)行政和經(jīng)濟(jì)分權(quán)、土地、住房等一系列改革中不斷追求地方利益最大化,從而促使蘇南從早期的以鄉(xiāng)村工業(yè)化為動(dòng)力、以小城鎮(zhèn)為載體的"自下而上"式城鎮(zhèn)化,轉(zhuǎn)向由開(kāi)發(fā)區(qū)建設(shè)和土地財(cái)政所推動(dòng)的快速城鎮(zhèn)化。城鎮(zhèn)化路徑轉(zhuǎn)變也影響了蘇南農(nóng)民的生命歷程,文中個(gè)案就經(jīng)歷了從鄉(xiāng)鎮(zhèn)企業(yè)家、私營(yíng)企業(yè)主到失地農(nóng)民的身份變遷。在蘇南農(nóng)民的市民化進(jìn)程中,個(gè)體經(jīng)歷了不同"行動(dòng)地位"的轉(zhuǎn)變:鄉(xiāng)鎮(zhèn)企業(yè)時(shí)期,農(nóng)民參與鄉(xiāng)村工業(yè),主動(dòng)進(jìn)行就業(yè)的非農(nóng)化;但到了征地拆遷時(shí)期,農(nóng)民在政府推動(dòng)下,通過(guò)戶籍改革和安置上樓進(jìn)行了身份的城鎮(zhèn)化,這個(gè)階段的市民化,更多源于政府的主動(dòng)推動(dòng),農(nóng)民帶有"被動(dòng)接受"的成分。另外,早期的就業(yè)非農(nóng)化成為后期村民順利實(shí)現(xiàn)身份城鎮(zhèn)化的基礎(chǔ),解決了村民失去土地、安置"上樓"后的經(jīng)濟(jì)來(lái)源問(wèn)題,這對(duì)當(dāng)前新型城鎮(zhèn)化所倡導(dǎo)的"人的城鎮(zhèn)化"具有一定啟示。
[Abstract]:Based on the investigation of individual life course, this paper probes into the urbanization path transformation and the process of peasants' citizenship in the transformation from the micro perspective in the south of Jiangsu province since the 1980s. In a series of reforms, such as administrative and economic decentralization, land, housing and so on, local governments continuously pursued the maximization of local interests, thus promoting southern Jiangsu from the early rural industrialization as a driving force. The "bottom-up" urbanization, which is carried by small towns, turns to the rapid urbanization promoted by the construction of development zones and the land finance. The transformation of urbanization path has also affected the life course of farmers in southern Jiangsu. The cases in this paper have experienced the identity changes from township entrepreneurs, private entrepreneurs to landless farmers. In the process of urbanization of farmers in southern Jiangsu province, the individual experienced different "action status" changes: in the period of township enterprises, farmers took part in rural industries and took the initiative to obtain employment, but in the period of land expropriation and demolition, the peasants were pushed by the government. Through the household registration reform and resettlement upstairs to carry out the status of urbanization, this stage of the city, more from the government's initiative to promote, farmers with the "passive acceptance" element. In addition, the early non-agricultural employment became the basis for the successful realization of the identity urbanization of the villagers in the later period, and solved the problem of the economic sources after the villagers lost their land and "went upstairs". This new-type urbanization advocated by the current "human urbanization" has certain enlightenment.
【作者單位】： 北京大學(xué)城市與環(huán)境學(xué)院;
【基金】：國(guó)家自然科學(xué)基金項(xiàng)目(41671157)~~
【分類號(hào)】：F299.27

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