本文選題：收入　切入點(diǎn)：受教育水平　出處：《蘭州大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：收入分配問(wèn)題一直中國(guó)改革過(guò)程中的重點(diǎn)研究問(wèn)題,個(gè)體主義視角的受教育水平變量和結(jié)構(gòu)主義視角的勞動(dòng)力市場(chǎng)分割變量是學(xué)者經(jīng)常用來(lái)研究收入分配問(wèn)題的主要變量。筆者認(rèn)為目前該領(lǐng)域尚有以下問(wèn)題有待澄清:在受教育水平影響收入變化的研究中,高校擴(kuò)招已經(jīng)成為重要的時(shí)間分割點(diǎn),但目前缺乏研究且結(jié)論不一;在勞動(dòng)力市場(chǎng)分割對(duì)收入影響的研究中,20世紀(jì)90年代中后期至本世紀(jì)初的國(guó)有企業(yè)改革是一個(gè)重要的事件,但目前對(duì)其影響的研究不足;在勞動(dòng)力市場(chǎng)分割中,個(gè)人因素層面的受教育水平與結(jié)構(gòu)層面的教育因素對(duì)收入分配的影響是否存在區(qū)別以及區(qū)別何在,是一個(gè)需要澄清的問(wèn)題。本研究基于2005-2013年中國(guó)社會(huì)綜合調(diào)查的時(shí)間序列數(shù)據(jù),采用明瑟工資方程及其擴(kuò)展模型并利用最小二乘法(OLS)估計(jì)回歸系數(shù),圍繞著以上三個(gè)問(wèn)題,對(duì)2004-2012年間中國(guó)教育回報(bào)率的變化趨勢(shì)和勞動(dòng)力市場(chǎng)分割對(duì)收入影響的變化趨勢(shì)進(jìn)行了研究。研究發(fā)現(xiàn):(1)中國(guó)的教育回報(bào)率在教育擴(kuò)招之后并沒(méi)有延續(xù)之前的上漲趨勢(shì),而是在2004-2012年間趨于穩(wěn)定。(2)勞動(dòng)力市場(chǎng)分割影響教育回報(bào)率,教育回報(bào)率因戶(hù)籍、部門(mén)、行業(yè)差異而不同,具體為城市勞動(dòng)力的教育回報(bào)率高于農(nóng)村的,非國(guó)有或集體部門(mén)的教育回報(bào)率高于國(guó)有集體部門(mén)的,壟斷行業(yè)的教育回報(bào)率高于非壟斷行業(yè)的;教育回報(bào)率的城鄉(xiāng)、部門(mén)差異都在逐漸縮小,行業(yè)間教育回報(bào)率沒(méi)有明顯的變化趨勢(shì)。(3)勞動(dòng)力市場(chǎng)分割影響個(gè)體收入,個(gè)體年總收入存在城鄉(xiāng)、部門(mén)、行業(yè)差異,具體為城市籍勞動(dòng)力的收入高于農(nóng)村籍的,非國(guó)有或集體部門(mén)勞動(dòng)力的收入高于國(guó)有或集體部門(mén)的,壟斷行業(yè)勞動(dòng)力的收入高于非壟斷行業(yè)的。(4)勞動(dòng)力個(gè)體收入的城鄉(xiāng)、部門(mén)、行業(yè)相對(duì)差距在逐漸縮小。(5)受教育水平比勞動(dòng)力市場(chǎng)分割對(duì)收入的影響更大。
[Abstract]:The issue of income distribution has always been the focus of research in the process of China's reform. The educational level variable from the individualism perspective and the labour market segmentation variable from the structuralism perspective are the main variables used by scholars to study the income distribution problem. The author thinks that there are still some problems to be clarified in this field. Qing: in the study of the influence of education level on income change, The expansion of enrollment in colleges and universities has become an important time division point, but at present there are few studies and different conclusions. In the study of the effect of labor market segmentation on income, it is an important event to reform state-owned enterprises from the middle of 1990s to the beginning of this century. However, the current research on its impact is insufficient; in the labor market segmentation, whether there are differences between the level of education at the individual factor level and the education factor at the structural level on the income distribution and what is the difference? Based on the time series data of China Social Comprehensive Survey 2005-2013, this study uses the Minther wage equation and its extended model and uses the least square method to estimate the regression coefficient, which revolves around the above three problems. This paper studies the trend of educational return in China from 2004 to 2012 and the effect of labor market segmentation on income. The study found that the return on education in China did not continue the upward trend after enrollment expansion. But in 2004-2012, labor market segmentation affects the rate of return on education, which varies according to household registration, sector, and industry, specifically that the return on education of urban labor is higher than that of rural labor. The return on education in non-state-owned or collective sectors is higher than that in state-owned collective sectors, in monopolistic industries is higher than in non-monopoly industries, and in urban and rural areas where the rate of return on education is decreasing, the sectoral differences are gradually narrowing. The labor market segmentation affects the individual income, the individual annual income exists the difference between urban and rural areas, departments and industries, in particular, the income of urban labor force is higher than that of rural nationality. If the income of the labor force in the non-state-owned or collective sector is higher than that in the state-owned or collective sector, the income of the labour force in the monopoly industry is higher than that in the non-monopoly sector. The relative gap in the industry is narrowing.) the education level has a greater impact on income than the labor market segmentation.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：蘭州大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：F249.2;C913.4

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