本文關(guān)鍵詞： 開發(fā)區(qū) 空間選址 城市發(fā)展 城市空間結(jié)構(gòu) 經(jīng)濟(jì)機(jī)制　出處：《清華大學(xué)》2016年博士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：開發(fā)區(qū)政策是中國最具代表性的區(qū)位導(dǎo)向性(Place-based)產(chǎn)業(yè)政策,同時也是中國推進(jìn)城鎮(zhèn)化和城市空間重構(gòu)的重要載體。開發(fā)區(qū)的發(fā)展?jié)饪s了“中國模式”的重要特點(diǎn),已經(jīng)成為各經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)分支研究中國經(jīng)濟(jì)增長和城市發(fā)展的重要課題。論文從開放城市體系和城市空間兩個層面,分析開發(fā)區(qū)空間選址以及影響城市發(fā)展的經(jīng)濟(jì)機(jī)制,豐富了國際學(xué)術(shù)界關(guān)于區(qū)位導(dǎo)向性產(chǎn)業(yè)政策引導(dǎo)城市發(fā)展的理論體系和實(shí)證證據(jù),也能夠?yàn)橹袊祟惍a(chǎn)業(yè)政策和城市發(fā)展政策的設(shè)計(jì)提供定量支持。論文首先在總結(jié)國際上區(qū)位導(dǎo)向性產(chǎn)業(yè)政策和城市發(fā)展理論的基礎(chǔ)上,充分結(jié)合中國開發(fā)區(qū)的發(fā)展實(shí)踐及已有研究,從選址和效果互動的角度開展了中國開發(fā)區(qū)空間選址及影響效果的經(jīng)濟(jì)機(jī)制理論研究。研究表明,開發(fā)區(qū)在城市間的選址行為是中央政府(或省級政府)和城市政府互動的結(jié)果;而城市政府在城市空間中的開發(fā)區(qū)選址決策則需要權(quán)衡各區(qū)位上開發(fā)區(qū)政策所帶來的收益和成本;開發(fā)區(qū)政策通過集聚經(jīng)濟(jì)效應(yīng)從生產(chǎn)和消費(fèi)兩個渠道帶動城市發(fā)展。在理論研究基礎(chǔ)上,論文借助統(tǒng)計(jì)分析、計(jì)量經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)模型等實(shí)證研究方法,以國家級和省級開發(fā)區(qū)為例的實(shí)證研究發(fā)現(xiàn):(1)區(qū)位條件和經(jīng)濟(jì)基礎(chǔ)等城市稟賦顯著影響開發(fā)區(qū)在城市間的選址結(jié)果,上下級官員的政治關(guān)聯(lián)也發(fā)揮一定作用;在城市內(nèi)部,區(qū)位交通條件和土地利用現(xiàn)狀是影響開發(fā)區(qū)選址的重要因素。(2)在城市層面,國家和省級開發(fā)區(qū)在平均意義上帶動城市人均國內(nèi)生產(chǎn)總值提高7.3%,并能夠從“數(shù)量”和“質(zhì)量”兩個維度推進(jìn)城鎮(zhèn)化。但城市間差異性很大,有相當(dāng)數(shù)量的開發(fā)區(qū)并未帶動城市經(jīng)濟(jì)增長和城鎮(zhèn)化水平。(3)在8個重點(diǎn)城市中,開發(fā)區(qū)在平均意義上使其內(nèi)部及周邊的企業(yè)生產(chǎn)力顯著提升了19.5%和9.85%;論文驗(yàn)證了該提升效應(yīng)是通過產(chǎn)業(yè)關(guān)聯(lián)、共享勞動力池和知識溢出的集聚經(jīng)濟(jì)機(jī)制實(shí)現(xiàn)的;同時它們也帶動了周邊住房市場和本地服務(wù)業(yè)市場的活力。但在樣本中仍有30%的開發(fā)區(qū)生產(chǎn)力溢出效應(yīng)為負(fù),其消費(fèi)溢出效應(yīng)也不理想。(4)平均來看,這些開發(fā)區(qū)生產(chǎn)活動的規(guī)模效應(yīng)會增加能耗和污染,但有些開發(fā)區(qū)經(jīng)歷了產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)升級并伴有生產(chǎn)技術(shù)改進(jìn),能夠有效緩解這種負(fù)外部性。最后,論文建議在開發(fā)區(qū)這類區(qū)位導(dǎo)向性產(chǎn)業(yè)政策的實(shí)施過程中,準(zhǔn)確把握其選址及效果的內(nèi)在經(jīng)濟(jì)規(guī)律,因地制宜,并通過設(shè)計(jì)合理的激勵機(jī)制,引導(dǎo)城市政府實(shí)現(xiàn)開發(fā)區(qū)及新城新區(qū)的可持續(xù)發(fā)展。
[Abstract]:The development zone policy is the most representative location-oriented industrial policy in China, and it is also an important carrier for China to promote urbanization and urban space reconstruction. The development of development zones condenses the important characteristics of the "Chinese model". It has become an important topic for all branches of economics to study China's economic growth and urban development. From the two aspects of open city system and urban space, this paper analyzes the spatial location of development zones and the economic mechanisms that affect the development of cities. It enriches the theoretical system and empirical evidence of location-oriented industrial policy guiding urban development in the international academic circles. It can also provide quantitative support for the design of such industrial policies and urban development policies in China. Firstly, the thesis summarizes the international location-oriented industrial policies and urban development theories. Based on the development practice and existing research of China's development zones, this paper studies the economic mechanism of spatial location and effects of development zones in China from the perspective of interaction between location and effect. The location of development zones between cities is the result of the interaction between the central government (or provincial government) and the city government. On the other hand, the decision of urban government's location of development zones in urban space needs to weigh the benefits and costs brought about by the policies of development zones in each location. The development zone policy promotes urban development from two channels of production and consumption through the agglomeration economic effect. On the basis of theoretical research, the paper makes use of empirical research methods such as statistical analysis, econometrics model, etc. The empirical study of the national and provincial development zones shows that the location conditions and economic base of cities have a significant impact on the location of development zones between cities, and the political connections of the top and lower officials also play a role. Location and transportation conditions and land use status are the important factors that affect the location of development zones. On average, the national and provincial development zones increase the per capita GDP of cities by 7.3 percent, and can promote urbanization from the two dimensions of "quantity" and "quality." but there is a great difference between cities. A considerable number of development zones have not led to economic growth and urbanization in the eight key cities. In the average sense, the productivity of enterprises in and around the development zone has been significantly increased by 19.5% and 9.85.The paper verifies that the enhancement effect is realized through the agglomeration economic mechanism of industrial association, shared labor pool and knowledge spillover. At the same time, they have also led to the vitality of the surrounding housing market and the local service market. But in the sample, 30% of the development zones still have negative productivity spillover effects and their consumption spillover effects are not ideal. The scale effect of production activities in these development zones will increase energy consumption and pollution, but some development zones have experienced industrial structure upgrading and accompanied by production technology improvement, which can effectively alleviate this negative externality. This paper suggests that in the process of implementing the location-oriented industrial policy of the development zone, we should accurately grasp the internal economic law of its location and effect, and design a reasonable incentive mechanism to suit the local conditions. Guide the city government to realize the sustainable development of the development zone and the new city new area.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：清華大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類號】：F299.2
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本文編號：1553370