本文選題：民國時期　切入點：私立　出處：《華東師范大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：職業(yè)學(xué)校是教育體系中的重要組成部分。早在清朝末年,政府便頒布學(xué)制,發(fā)布法規(guī),鼓勵發(fā)展實業(yè)學(xué)堂。民國時期除了公立職業(yè)學(xué)校,也涌現(xiàn)出許多由私人或團(tuán)體組織辦學(xué)的私立職業(yè)學(xué)校,為民國時期職業(yè)教育的發(fā)展做出了貢獻(xiàn)。然而,目前已有研究民國職業(yè)教育的著作中,聚焦于民國私立職業(yè)學(xué)校的系統(tǒng)研究還比較少。在政府的鼓勵和職業(yè)教育思潮的影響下,民國時期職業(yè)教育有很大的發(fā)展。公立職業(yè)學(xué)校雖為民國時期職業(yè)教育的主流,但其存在課程設(shè)置冗雜、專業(yè)設(shè)置不能及時反映社會需求等方面的弊病。在這樣的情況下,私立職業(yè)學(xué)校興起,在一定程度上彌補(bǔ)了公立職業(yè)學(xué)校的不足,體現(xiàn)了社會產(chǎn)業(yè)發(fā)展對教育的要求。私立職業(yè)學(xué)校辦學(xué)主體既有致力興學(xué)的知識分子、工商業(yè)人士及其他社會人士,也包括合作力行的社會團(tuán)體等。學(xué)校辦學(xué)經(jīng)費來源多樣化,包括社會捐資、基金息金、學(xué)田收入、校董籌資等多方面途徑。私立職業(yè)學(xué)校課程由普通課程與職業(yè)課程組成,其中職業(yè)課程也可稱為專業(yè)課程,與學(xué)校自身所開設(shè)的專業(yè)直接相關(guān)。私立職業(yè)學(xué)校專業(yè)設(shè)置明晰且靈活,使其與社會經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展良好契合,受到學(xué)生與家長的歡迎。除學(xué)習(xí)學(xué)校課程外,私立職業(yè)學(xué)校學(xué)生還會進(jìn)行較為充分的實習(xí)訓(xùn)練,為學(xué)生習(xí)得扎實的專業(yè)技能奠定基礎(chǔ)。大部分學(xué)生在畢業(yè)之后都能夠謀得一份專業(yè)對口的工作。為了更清晰的了解民國時期私立職業(yè)學(xué)校發(fā)展情況,本文選取中華職業(yè)學(xué)校和私立鎮(zhèn)江初級女子職業(yè)學(xué)校作為個案,根據(jù)《教育與職業(yè)》雜志、民國期刊數(shù)據(jù)庫、《中華民國教育年鑒》、《民國時期職業(yè)教育文獻(xiàn)輯刊資料》等呈現(xiàn)的史料,對這兩所學(xué)校的行政設(shè)置、經(jīng)費來源、學(xué)生出路、師資力量等幾個方面進(jìn)行分析探討。私立職業(yè)學(xué)校是民國時期職業(yè)教育的重要組成部分,其寶貴的辦學(xué)經(jīng)驗和教學(xué)特色對今日職業(yè)教育辦學(xué)有啟發(fā)意義,可供當(dāng)前職業(yè)教育改革借鑒。民國時期私立職業(yè)學(xué)校也存在不能忽略的局限性,如學(xué)校管理中存在的問題、實習(xí)不夠完備等。
[Abstract]:Vocational schools are an important part of the educational system.As early as the late Qing Dynasty, the government promulgated the school system, issued laws and regulations to encourage the development of industrial schools.During the period of the Republic of China, besides public vocational schools, there emerged many private vocational schools organized by private individuals or groups, which contributed to the development of vocational education in the Republic of China.However, there are few systematic studies focusing on the private vocational schools in the Republic of China.With the encouragement of the government and the influence of the trend of vocational education, vocational education developed greatly in the period of the Republic of China.Although public vocational schools were the mainstream of vocational education in the period of the Republic of China, the curriculum was jumbled, and the professional setting could not reflect the needs of the society in time.In this case, the rise of private vocational schools, to a certain extent, to make up for the deficiencies of public vocational schools, reflecting the development of social industry to the requirements of education.The main body of private vocational schools include intellectuals, industrialists and other members of the community, as well as cooperative social organizations.The source of school funds is diversified, including social donation, fund interest, school field income, school manager financing and so on.The private vocational school curriculum consists of general curriculum and vocational curriculum, among which vocational curriculum is also called professional curriculum, which is directly related to the specialty offered by the school itself.Private vocational schools have clear and flexible specialties, which make them fit well with the development of society and economy, and are welcomed by students and parents.In addition to learning school curriculum, private vocational school students will also carry out more adequate practical training, for students to acquire solid professional skills lay the foundation.Most students are able to get a professional job after graduation.In order to better understand the development of private vocational schools in the Republic of China, this paper selects Chinese vocational schools and private Zhenjiang junior girls' vocational schools as cases, according to the Journal of Education and occupation.This paper analyzes and discusses the historical materials presented in the journal database of the Republic of China, the Yearbook of Education of the Republic of China, the literature series of vocational education during the Republic of China, and so on. The administrative setup, the source of funds, the way out of students and the strength of teachers of these two schools are analyzed and discussed.Private vocational schools are an important part of vocational education in the Republic of China. Their valuable experience and teaching characteristics have enlightening significance for today's vocational education, which can be used for reference in the current vocational education reform.During the period of the Republic of China, the private vocational schools also have some limitations, such as the problems in school management, the imperfection of practice and so on.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：華東師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：G719.29

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