【摘要】：根據(jù)2004年全國學(xué)生體質(zhì)健康調(diào)研結(jié)果顯示,我國中小學(xué)學(xué)生的近視率同2000年相比均有不同程度的上升,大城市的學(xué)生近視患病率顯著提高。教室的光環(huán)境質(zhì)量直接影響學(xué)生和教師的視覺作業(yè)完成效果,良好的光環(huán)境可以提高學(xué)習(xí)效率和減少視覺疲勞,保護(hù)青少年學(xué)生的視力。中小學(xué)生特別是小學(xué)生正處于養(yǎng)成正確用眼習(xí)慣的重要階段,科學(xué)合理的光環(huán)境設(shè)計(jì)對于他們視力保護(hù)具有重要意義。長期以來,國內(nèi)外對中小學(xué)校教室光環(huán)境質(zhì)量的調(diào)研及評價尚缺乏針對性研究。針對這一現(xiàn)狀,本文結(jié)合重慶市部分中小學(xué)校教室光環(huán)境的實(shí)地調(diào)研結(jié)果,建立了中小學(xué)校教室光環(huán)境綜合評價模型�；诓殚唶鴥�(nèi)外室內(nèi)光環(huán)境設(shè)計(jì)資料及文獻(xiàn)的基礎(chǔ),提出了中小學(xué)校教室光環(huán)境設(shè)計(jì)及改造建議。本文的主要工作及結(jié)論如下: ①通過對重慶市10所中小學(xué)校25間普通教室進(jìn)行實(shí)地調(diào)研、結(jié)合數(shù)據(jù)分析結(jié)果、根據(jù)現(xiàn)行的國家相關(guān)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)及規(guī)范,對中小學(xué)校教室的光環(huán)境現(xiàn)狀進(jìn)行系統(tǒng)分析。結(jié)果表明,重慶市中小學(xué)校教室采光和黑板照明問題十分嚴(yán)重,人工照明也不理想,與國家新標(biāo)準(zhǔn)有一定差距。 ②通過模糊數(shù)學(xué)及問卷調(diào)查的方法確定綜合評價體系的十個評價指標(biāo),利用改進(jìn)的層次分析法確定評價指標(biāo)的相對權(quán)重,最終建立中小學(xué)校教室光環(huán)境質(zhì)量的綜合評價模型。利用該模型對實(shí)地調(diào)研學(xué)校中的兩個典型教室光環(huán)境質(zhì)量進(jìn)行評判。通過專家評分法對該模型進(jìn)行可行性驗(yàn)證,分析結(jié)果表明該模型可有效評判某教室光環(huán)境質(zhì)量合格與否,也可比較幾個教室光環(huán)境設(shè)計(jì)方案的優(yōu)劣。 ③針對中小學(xué)校教室光環(huán)境現(xiàn)狀及存在的問題,綜合大量技術(shù)資料,結(jié)合現(xiàn)場調(diào)研的數(shù)據(jù)及觀察分析,對中小學(xué)校教室的采光現(xiàn)狀、桌面照度、照度均勻度、黑板照明及眩光,提出一些設(shè)計(jì)想法及改造建議,以供照明設(shè)計(jì)師在設(shè)計(jì)時參考。根據(jù)所提建議,利用DIALux照明仿真軟件對某學(xué)校的人工照明改造方案進(jìn)行仿真分析,驗(yàn)證了改造建議的可行性,確定了最佳的改造方案。 本論文針對中小學(xué)教室光環(huán)境進(jìn)行了研究,建立的綜合評價模型為今后評判教室光環(huán)境合格與否以及教室光環(huán)境的改造效果提供了方法及依據(jù)。提出的改造建議對今后學(xué)校教室的工程施工及改造工作具有一定的參考價值。
[Abstract]:According to the results of the national investigation of students' physical health in 2004, the myopia rate of primary and secondary school students in China has increased in varying degrees compared with 2000, and the prevalence rate of myopia among students in big cities has increased significantly. The quality of classroom light environment directly affects the effect of students and teachers' visual work completion. A good light environment can improve the learning efficiency and reduce visual fatigue and protect the visual acuity of young students. Primary and middle school students, especially primary school students, are in the important stage of developing correct eye use habits. Scientific and reasonable light environment design is of great significance for their visual protection. For a long time, the investigation and evaluation of classroom light environment quality in primary and middle schools are lack of pertinence research at home and abroad. In view of this situation, this paper establishes a comprehensive evaluation model of classroom light environment in primary and secondary schools by combining with the field investigation results of some primary and secondary schools in Chongqing. Based on the reference of domestic and foreign interior light environment design data and literature, the paper puts forward some suggestions for classroom light environment design and renovation in primary and middle schools. The main work and conclusions of this paper are as follows: 1 through the field investigation of 25 ordinary classrooms in 10 primary and middle schools in Chongqing, combined with the data analysis results, according to the current relevant national standards and norms, The present situation of light environment in primary and middle school classrooms is systematically analyzed. The results show that the lighting problems of classroom lighting and blackboard lighting in primary and secondary schools in Chongqing are very serious, and artificial lighting is not ideal, which is far from the new national standard. (2) Ten evaluation indexes of the comprehensive evaluation system are determined by means of fuzzy mathematics and questionnaire survey, and the relative weights of the evaluation indexes are determined by the improved Analytic hierarchy process (AHP). Finally, the comprehensive evaluation model of classroom light environment quality in primary and secondary schools is established. The model is used to evaluate the quality of light environment in two typical classrooms in field research schools. The feasibility of the model is verified by expert scoring method. The analysis results show that the model can effectively judge the quality of light environment in a classroom, and can also compare the merits and demerits of several light environment design schemes. (3) aiming at the present situation and existing problems of classroom light environment in primary and secondary schools, combining a large amount of technical data, the data of field investigation and observation and analysis, the present situation of daylighting, desktop illumination, uniformity of illumination, blackboard lighting and glare in primary and middle school classrooms were analyzed. Put forward some design ideas and suggestions for lighting designers in the design reference. According to the suggestion, the simulation analysis of the artificial lighting reconstruction scheme of a school is carried out by using the DIALux lighting simulation software, which verifies the feasibility of the reconstruction proposal and determines the best scheme. In this paper, the light environment of primary and middle school classrooms is studied, and the comprehensive evaluation model is established to provide the method and basis for judging whether the classroom light environment is up to standard or not and the effect of classroom light environment transformation in the future. The suggestion has some reference value for the construction and reconstruction of school classroom in the future.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：重慶大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2011
【分類號】：TU113;TU244.2

【引證文獻(xiàn)】

中國碩士學(xué)位論文全文數(shù)據(jù)庫 前2條

1 侯賀;室內(nèi)墻面照度傳感器布置方法及照明調(diào)光控制系統(tǒng)的研究[D];重慶大學(xué);2012年

2 俞雪t，

本文編號：2387214