【摘要】：在2016年教育部審定通過的人教版一年級語文教科書中,第一次在入學(xué)教育中提出閱讀教育,把閱讀習(xí)慣提升到和識字、寫字同等重要的地位。詩歌作為我國文學(xué)寶庫中的璀璨瑰寶,在語文教學(xué)方面有著其他文學(xué)作品無法比擬的優(yōu)勢。在新改版的一年級語文教材中收錄了大量詩歌,這些詩歌與舊教材中的詩歌相比,更具有人文性、兒童性和音樂性,所選詩歌在內(nèi)容上更加貼近兒童生活實際,時代感較強。小學(xué)一年級是義務(wù)教育的起步階段,注重小學(xué)一年級的詩歌教學(xué),不僅有利于學(xué)生閱讀能力的發(fā)展,而且有利于提高學(xué)生的語文素養(yǎng),為下一階段的學(xué)習(xí)奠定良好的基礎(chǔ)。本研究以使用人教版語文教科書的北京市F小學(xué)為個案進行研究。本研究梳理了目前小學(xué)語文詩歌教學(xué)的相關(guān)文獻,通過整合現(xiàn)有的研究,將小學(xué)一年級詩歌教學(xué)分為古詩的教學(xué)、兒歌的教學(xué)和兒童詩的教學(xué),筆者從這三個維度出發(fā),通過對一年級詩歌教學(xué)情況進行課堂觀察,對一年級的語文教師和部分學(xué)生進行訪談,分別對古詩、兒歌和兒童詩進行教學(xué)研究。以課堂觀察配合思考總結(jié)的方式,發(fā)現(xiàn)目前小學(xué)一年級詩歌教學(xué)的成功經(jīng)驗,包括詩歌課堂注重朗讀、多媒體技術(shù)應(yīng)用普遍、詩歌教學(xué)注重兒童視角。同時,筆者也在課堂觀察過程中,發(fā)現(xiàn)一年級詩歌教學(xué)課堂仍存在著教師教學(xué)水平參差不齊、詩歌教學(xué)方法不恰當、忽視詩歌課外閱讀方面的問題。針對目前人教版小學(xué)一年級語文詩歌教學(xué)中存在的不足,筆者提出了切實可行的教學(xué)建議,主要包括:(1)提高教師的水平,即教師要在工作和學(xué)習(xí)中不斷提高自身的詩歌理論素質(zhì)和兒童文學(xué)素養(yǎng);(2)優(yōu)化教學(xué)方法,教師在詩歌課堂教學(xué)的過程中要注重合理多媒體,在注重詩歌朗讀和背誦的同時,要加強對學(xué)生進行詩歌朗讀指導(dǎo);(3)注重詩歌的課外閱讀,學(xué)校方面要為學(xué)生提供良好的學(xué)習(xí)詩歌的環(huán)境,另外家長要為孩子營造良好的家庭讀詩氛圍。
[Abstract]:In the first grade Chinese textbook approved by the Ministry of Education in 2016, the education of reading is proposed for the first time in the entrance education, raising reading habits to the same important position as literacy and writing. As a brilliant treasure in the treasure house of Chinese literature, poetry has unparalleled advantages in Chinese teaching. A large number of poems have been collected in the newly revised first grade Chinese textbooks. Compared with the poems in the old textbooks, these poems are more humanistic, childlike and musical. The selected poems are more close to the reality of children's life and have a stronger sense of the times. The first grade of primary school is the initial stage of compulsory education. Paying attention to poetry teaching in the first grade of primary school is not only conducive to the development of students' reading ability, but also conducive to improving the students' Chinese literacy and laying a good foundation for the next stage of study. This study is based on a case study of Beijing F Primary School, which uses Chinese textbooks. This research combs the related literature of Chinese poetry teaching in primary school at present, divides the poetry teaching of the first grade of primary school into ancient poetry teaching, children's song teaching and children's poem teaching by integrating the existing research, the author proceeds from these three dimensions. Through the classroom observation of the first grade poetry teaching, the interview of the first grade Chinese teachers and some students, the teaching research of ancient poetry, children's songs and children's poems are carried out respectively. In the way of classroom observation combined with thinking and summing up, it is found that the successful experience of poetry teaching in the first grade of primary school includes paying attention to reading aloud in poetry classroom, applying multimedia technology widely, and paying attention to children's perspective in poetry teaching. At the same time, in the course of classroom observation, the author finds that there are still some problems in the first grade poetry teaching classroom, such as teachers' uneven teaching level, inappropriate poetry teaching methods and neglecting poetry extracurricular reading. In view of the deficiency in the teaching of Chinese poetry in the first grade of primary school, the author puts forward some practical teaching suggestions, including: (1) improving the level of teachers; That is, teachers should constantly improve their poetic theoretical quality and children's literary literacy in their work and study. (2) optimizing teaching methods, teachers should pay attention to reasonable multimedia in the process of poetry classroom teaching, while paying attention to poetry reading and reciting, To strengthen the guidance of reading poetry to students; (3) to pay attention to the extracurricular reading of poetry, the school should provide a good environment for students to learn poetry, in addition, parents should create a good atmosphere for their children to read poetry at home.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中央民族大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：G623.2

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