本文關(guān)鍵詞： PM2.5超標(biāo) 微課 小學(xué)體育 體育教學(xué)　出處：《上海師范大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：隨著城市化的快速發(fā)展和推進(jìn),我國已成為世界上大氣污染最嚴(yán)重的國家之一,霧霾、PM2.5、空氣質(zhì)量指數(shù)等這些抓人眼球的字眼總是能引起人們的廣泛關(guān)注。研究表明PM2.5的顆粒能吸附很多的有害物質(zhì),并穿透人體防御屏障進(jìn)入體內(nèi),對(duì)人體呼吸系統(tǒng)、心血管系統(tǒng)、生殖系統(tǒng)、血液系統(tǒng)和免疫系統(tǒng)等造成損害。近年來PM2.5超標(biāo)的情況在我國頻頻爆發(fā),造成體育課無法在室外進(jìn)行,學(xué)生也得不到有效的鍛煉,嚴(yán)重影響到學(xué)校體育教學(xué)的正常進(jìn)行。“微課”作為教育領(lǐng)域中的一個(gè)新生事物,受到了廣大專家、學(xué)者的普遍關(guān)注,對(duì)它的研究是當(dāng)前教育改革的熱點(diǎn)。在查閱大量文獻(xiàn)之后發(fā)現(xiàn),目前微課很少應(yīng)用在體育教學(xué)中,考慮到在PM2.5超標(biāo)這一特殊時(shí)期體育教學(xué)所遇到的瓶頸,本文嘗試把微課加入體育教學(xué)中,并設(shè)計(jì)相應(yīng)的教學(xué)實(shí)驗(yàn)進(jìn)行驗(yàn)證,具有一定的現(xiàn)實(shí)意義。本研究首先分析了PM2.5超標(biāo)對(duì)體育教學(xué)的影響,然后查閱文獻(xiàn)分析了解微課的研究現(xiàn)狀,包括微課的理論基礎(chǔ)、特點(diǎn)、分類等,其次根據(jù)微課的制作原則設(shè)計(jì)PM2.5超標(biāo)情況下適合上海市學(xué)校教學(xué)的體育微課,最后安排教學(xué)實(shí)驗(yàn)驗(yàn)證微課的效果。研究結(jié)果表明:一、長(zhǎng)時(shí)間PM2.5超標(biāo)影響到學(xué)校體育教學(xué)的開展,相關(guān)部門和學(xué)校沒有獲取空氣質(zhì)量情況的統(tǒng)一途徑,也缺乏相應(yīng)的針對(duì)PM2.5超標(biāo)情況如何開展體育教學(xué)政策文件,造成體育課變成自習(xí)課或者被其他課占用。二、微課加入到傳統(tǒng)體育教學(xué)中改變了原來傳統(tǒng)體育教學(xué)枯燥、單一的模式,使學(xué)生的學(xué)習(xí)內(nèi)容更系統(tǒng),學(xué)習(xí)目標(biāo)更明確,掌握技能更快速,提高了學(xué)生的體育興趣和運(yùn)動(dòng)成績(jī),實(shí)驗(yàn)效果良好。根據(jù)研究結(jié)果給出的建議:一、相關(guān)部門應(yīng)建立PM2.5超標(biāo)情況下的環(huán)境污染預(yù)警、應(yīng)急體系,針對(duì)教師和學(xué)生進(jìn)行空氣污染環(huán)境下的自我保護(hù)教育與宣傳,加大體育運(yùn)動(dòng)場(chǎng)館的建設(shè)和合理利用,靈活機(jī)動(dòng)調(diào)整教學(xué)諸因素。二、實(shí)驗(yàn)表明在PM2.5超標(biāo)情況下,微課加入到體育教學(xué)中,有利于解決體育教學(xué)中的難點(diǎn)與重點(diǎn),提高了學(xué)生的體育興趣和運(yùn)動(dòng)技能水平,在今后的教學(xué)過程中值得推廣。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of the city and promote, China has become one of the most serious air pollution in the world haze, PM2.5, air quality index etc. these eye-catching words can always attracted people's attention. The research showed that PM2.5 particles can adsorb many harmful substances into the body and penetrate the body's defense barrier on the human body, respiratory system, cardiovascular system, reproductive system, blood system and immune system damage. In recent years, the frequent outbreak of PM2.5 exceed the standard in our country, resulting in outdoor sports courses to students, is not effective in exercise, seriously affected the normal school physical teaching. Micro class as a new thing in the field of education, by the majority of experts, the attention of scholars, the research on it is a hot topic in the current educational reform. After reading a lot of literature, the current micro Classes are rarely used in sports teaching, taking into account the bottleneck in PM2.5 exceed the standard of this special period of PE teaching encountered, this paper attempts to join the micro class sports teaching, and teaching design of corresponding experimental verification, has certain practical significance. This research analyzes the influence of PM2.5 exceed the standard of Physical Education, and then access literature analysis to understand the status of research on micro courses, including micro theoretical foundation, course characteristics, classification, according to the Shanghai city schools for teaching the principles of making micro class design of PM2.5 exceed the standard under micro class sports, finally arrange the teaching experimental verification micro class effect. The results show that a long time, exceed the standard PM2.5 effect to the school sports teaching, unified approach to related departments and schools do not have access to air quality, but also the lack of appropriate for PM2.5 exceed the standard how to carry out physical education policies documents , resulting in physical education into class study or other class occupation. Two, micro class added to the traditional sports teaching has changed the original traditional sports teaching boring, single mode, make students learn content more systematic, more clear learning objectives, skills more quickly, improve the students' interest in sports and sports performance, experiment the effect is good. According to the results of the study are proposed: first, the relevant departments should establish environmental pollution warning, PM2.5 exceed the standard emergency system for teachers and students to air pollution under the environment of self protection education and publicity, increase the construction of sports venues and the reasonable use, flexible adjustment of teaching factors. Two. Experimental results show that the PM2.5 exceed the standard case, micro class added to the sports teaching, to solve the difficulty and emphasis in the teaching of physical education, improve the students' interest in sports and sports skills, in this It is worth popularizing in the process of teaching.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：上海師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：G623.8;G434

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