【摘要】：跆拳道品勢(又稱型),指練習(xí)者以技擊為主要內(nèi)容,通過攻守進(jìn)退的動(dòng)作編排,達(dá)到強(qiáng)身健體、培養(yǎng)意志的一種練習(xí)形式。它與中國武術(shù)中所說的套路相似,即將一定數(shù)量的動(dòng)作編排起來,形成固定模式的套路。品勢隨著跆拳道的深入發(fā)展已經(jīng)越來越受到大眾的重視,2016年9月跆拳道品勢已正式列入2018年亞運(yùn)會(huì)比賽項(xiàng)目,這都意味著跆拳道品勢進(jìn)入了新的發(fā)展階段。全國大學(xué)生跆拳道錦標(biāo)賽品勢比賽代表著全國大學(xué)生品勢比賽的最高水平,本文以2015年全國大學(xué)生跆拳道錦標(biāo)賽品勢比賽為例,依據(jù)競賽規(guī)則標(biāo)準(zhǔn),從品勢演練的技術(shù)角度來分析,研究得出影響品勢成績的因素。本文研究的目的和意義在于通過對(duì)此次比賽品勢演練中碎步、手腳不同步(簡稱不同步)以及容易出現(xiàn)失誤的動(dòng)作進(jìn)行分析,同時(shí)研究影響表現(xiàn)力的因素,希望為我國高校跆拳道品勢教練員和運(yùn)動(dòng)員的教學(xué)與訓(xùn)練提供一些建議,幫助運(yùn)動(dòng)員提高對(duì)品勢的認(rèn)識(shí),提高品勢的演練水平。本文主要應(yīng)用了文獻(xiàn)資料法、專家訪談法、錄像觀察法、問卷調(diào)查法等研究方法。以2015年全國大學(xué)生跆拳道品勢比賽為研究對(duì)象,通過錄像觀察法,總結(jié)出運(yùn)動(dòng)員演練品勢時(shí)影響準(zhǔn)確度的因素;通過問卷調(diào)查法,總結(jié)出品勢表現(xiàn)力的影響因素。研究結(jié)論1、在2015年全國大學(xué)生跆拳道錦標(biāo)賽品勢比賽中,總結(jié)268場比賽,在以下幾種動(dòng)作處易出現(xiàn)碎步:支撐腳出現(xiàn)180°和270°的轉(zhuǎn)腳時(shí);帶轉(zhuǎn)身的兩個(gè)步法轉(zhuǎn)換時(shí);弓步前踢時(shí)。2、在有以下幾種動(dòng)作時(shí)易出現(xiàn)不同步:腳下運(yùn)行距離短而手上動(dòng)作距離長時(shí),如平原里的弓步肘上擊、八章里的三七步雙手刀變弓步?jīng)_拳;腿法完成后落地并配合上肢動(dòng)作時(shí),如六章中前踢落弓步?jīng)_拳、七章中虎步前踢落虎步中格;某些品勢中特有的難度動(dòng)作時(shí),如太白里的上弓步內(nèi)旋解脫。3、失誤方面,晃動(dòng)集中出現(xiàn)在六章的高橫踢、七章的虎步前踢、高麗的側(cè)踢、平原的側(cè)踢處;動(dòng)作不標(biāo)準(zhǔn)出現(xiàn)在六章兩個(gè)撤三七步、七章虎步立掌、某些規(guī)定動(dòng)作處如小石頭手型、以及規(guī)定動(dòng)作演練秒數(shù)不足。4、品勢表現(xiàn)力的重要影響部分是品勢的基礎(chǔ)技術(shù)動(dòng)作、組合技術(shù)動(dòng)作、技擊意識(shí)以及節(jié)奏,但是在品勢演練中自信心、參賽經(jīng)驗(yàn)、服裝、眼神、發(fā)型、應(yīng)變能力對(duì)表現(xiàn)力的提升也起到了一定的作用。5、影響表現(xiàn)力的最大因素是品勢演練中動(dòng)作的剛?cè)釋?duì)比,動(dòng)作開始要緩而慢,動(dòng)作完成要凸顯加速和力量的爆發(fā)。
[Abstract]:Taekwondo style (also known as type) refers to a form of practice in which practitioners take technical attack as the main content and achieve physical fitness and cultivate will through the arrangement of offensive and defensive movements. It is similar to the routine in Chinese martial arts, that is, a certain number of movements are arranged to form a fixed pattern. With the in-depth development of taekwondo, taekwondo has been paid more and more attention by the public. In September 2016, taekwondo has been officially included in the 2018 Asian Games, which means that taekwondo has entered a new stage of development. The national college students' taekwondo tournament represents the highest level of the national college students' performance competition. Taking the 2015 National College students' Taekwondo Championship as an example, according to the competition rules and standards, this paper analyzes the technical point of view of the product posture exercise, and studies the factors that affect the performance of the national college students' Taekwondo Championship. The purpose and significance of this paper is to analyze the broken steps, out of sync (abbreviated as out of sync) and the movement prone to errors in this competition, and to study the factors that affect the expression. the purpose and significance of this paper is to provide some suggestions for the teaching and training of taekwondo coaches and athletes in colleges and universities, so as to help athletes to improve their understanding of the situation and improve the level of practice. This paper mainly uses literature method, expert interview method, video observation method, questionnaire survey and other research methods. Taking the 2015 National Taekwondo Competition of College students as the research object, through video observation, this paper summarizes the factors that affect the accuracy of athletes' exercise performance, and sums up the influencing factors of product potential expression through questionnaire survey. Conclusion 1. In the 2015 National College Taekwondo Championship, 268 competitions were summarized. The following movements were easy to break: when the supporting foot appeared 180 擄and 270 擄, when the two footwork with turning was changed, and when the supporting foot was rotated 180 擄and 270 擄, the footwork with turn was changed. When kicking before the bow step. 2, it is easy to appear out of sync when there are the following movements: the foot running distance is short and the hand action distance is long, such as the bow step elbow in the plain, the 37-step two-hand knife in the eighth chapter changes the bow step punch, the leg method completes the rear landing and cooperates with the upper limb movement, such as kicking the bow step forward in the six chapters, kicking the tiger step before the step in the seventh chapter; Some of the unique difficult movements, such as Taibai Li's upper bow step internal rotation relief. 3, error aspect, sloshing concentrated in the six chapters of the high horizontal kick, seven chapters of the tiger step forward kick, Koryo side kick, plain side kick; The action is not standard in six chapters, two withdrawal three or seven steps, seven chapters tiger steps, some prescribed movements such as the small stone hand type, as well as the stipulated action exercise seconds is insufficient. 4, the important influence part of the product performance is the basic technical action of the product, the combination of technical movements, technical action, and rhythm, but in the performance exercise self-confidence, competition experience, clothing, eyes, hairstyle, the main part of the performance force is the basic technical action, the combination of technical movements, the technical action, and the rhythm, but in the product posture exercise, self-confidence, competition experience, clothing, eyes, hairstyle, The ability of strain also plays a certain role in the improvement of expressive force. 5, the biggest factor affecting the expressive force is the rigid and soft contrast of the action in the product posture exercise, the beginning of the action should be slow and slow, and the completion of the action should highlight the acceleration and the outbreak of strength.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：河北師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：G886.9

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