【摘要】：網(wǎng)球運(yùn)動(dòng)屬于選手隔網(wǎng)對(duì)抗的運(yùn)動(dòng),每個(gè)網(wǎng)球運(yùn)動(dòng)員都有著自己的獨(dú)特的比賽技術(shù)特點(diǎn),要想贏得比賽,就要首先分析網(wǎng)球技術(shù)特點(diǎn),分析對(duì)手的比賽特征,做到知己知彼才能百戰(zhàn)百勝。在實(shí)戰(zhàn)中,我們要揚(yáng)長(zhǎng)避短,攻擊其弱點(diǎn)。因此本文采用了文獻(xiàn)資料法、錄像統(tǒng)計(jì)法、數(shù)理統(tǒng)計(jì)法和比較分析法對(duì)國(guó)內(nèi)外的八位優(yōu)秀的網(wǎng)球職業(yè)選手進(jìn)行分析比較。對(duì)于國(guó)外我們選取了2014年在ATP賽程中獲得澳大利亞公開(kāi)賽冠軍的瓦林卡、美國(guó)公開(kāi)賽冠軍的西里奇、西班牙的納達(dá)爾、英國(guó)溫布爾登網(wǎng)球錦標(biāo)賽的冠軍的德約科維奇。國(guó)內(nèi)選手主要選擇公茂鑫、吳迪、柏衍、張擇作為對(duì)象對(duì)他們的個(gè)人基本資料、握拍方式、引拍方式、發(fā)球步法等個(gè)人技術(shù)特征進(jìn)行了分析,同時(shí)本文還對(duì)于選手比賽得分?jǐn)?shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行了比較以及受到外界的條件如場(chǎng)地因素影響的大小進(jìn)行了分析。結(jié)論：1、選手的年齡、身體的發(fā)育情況是影響比賽的關(guān)鍵要素。年齡太小會(huì)導(dǎo)致經(jīng)驗(yàn)不足,技術(shù)不夠熟練的情況,年齡太大經(jīng)驗(yàn)豐富,心理抗壓能力足夠好,但是就會(huì)導(dǎo)致體力跟不上的情況。身體發(fā)育的良好主要通過(guò)克托萊指數(shù)來(lái)反應(yīng)。2、在對(duì)發(fā)球的技術(shù)的比較上,我們從相關(guān)的數(shù)據(jù)比較分析知國(guó)內(nèi)選手的發(fā)球的技術(shù)尚不足,沒(méi)有國(guó)外的選手變化方式多。但是國(guó)內(nèi)選手的發(fā)球的成功率并不遜色。3、對(duì)國(guó)內(nèi)外選手的發(fā)球落腳點(diǎn)的分析可知,國(guó)內(nèi)選手的發(fā)球落腳點(diǎn)比較固定,底線攻防能力也明顯的較弱。4、對(duì)發(fā)球種類的分析知,國(guó)內(nèi)外選手水平相持衡,不分上下。根據(jù)以上的結(jié)論分析,本文對(duì)提高網(wǎng)球的發(fā)球的成功率和得分率和提高運(yùn)動(dòng)員的身體素質(zhì)及發(fā)球方式等方面給出了以下幾點(diǎn)建議：1、從我國(guó)運(yùn)動(dòng)員的平均身高和國(guó)外的相比較而言比較瘦弱且矮小,因此我們應(yīng)該在及早的在運(yùn)動(dòng)員幼年時(shí)就注重對(duì)運(yùn)動(dòng)員的飲食的控制和體能的訓(xùn)練。從而為我國(guó)培養(yǎng)出更具潛力的運(yùn)動(dòng)員。2、從發(fā)球種類來(lái)說(shuō),對(duì)于從對(duì)以前比賽的觀察錄像可得,由于我國(guó)的選手的發(fā)球技術(shù)不夠嫻熟,并且發(fā)球的變化方式少,導(dǎo)致我國(guó)的發(fā)球得分率比較低的現(xiàn)實(shí)。因此,我國(guó)運(yùn)動(dòng)員應(yīng)該加強(qiáng)對(duì)發(fā)球方式的訓(xùn)練,讓其能夠在強(qiáng)壓之下發(fā)出具有高質(zhì)量的球,增加發(fā)球的種類,培養(yǎng)隨機(jī)應(yīng)變能力和變化多端的發(fā)球技能,讓運(yùn)動(dòng)員一發(fā)多采用平擊和側(cè)旋發(fā)球,二發(fā)多采用上旋發(fā)球,從而提高我國(guó)運(yùn)動(dòng)員的發(fā)球得分率。
[Abstract]:Tennis is a sport in which players compete across the net. Each tennis player has its own unique technical characteristics. In order to win a match, it is necessary to first analyze the technical characteristics of tennis, and analyze the characteristics of the match of the opponent. To know one's own and one's enemy is to win a hundred victories. In actual combat, we should take advantage of our strengths and avoid weaknesses and attack their weaknesses. Therefore, this paper uses the methods of literature, video, mathematical statistics and comparative analysis to analyze and compare the eight outstanding tennis players at home and abroad. For foreign countries, we selected Wallingka, who won the Australian Open in 2014, Silich in the US Open, Nadal in Spain, and Djokovic, who won the Wimbledon Tennis Championships in England. The domestic contestants mainly chose Gongmaoxin, Wu Di, Bo Yan, Zhang Zhai as objects to analyze their personal technical characteristics, such as their basic personal data, the way they hold the racket, the way they start shooting, and the way they serve the ball. At the same time, this paper compares the score data of the players and analyzes the influence of the external conditions such as the field factors. Conclusion: 1. The age and development of players are the key factors affecting the competition. Too young can lead to inexperience, unskilled skills, too old experience, and good enough psychological resilience, but it can lead to a situation where you can't keep up with your physical strength. The good development of body is mainly reflected by the Ketole index. 2. In the comparison of the service techniques, we know from the comparative analysis of the relevant data that the service skills of the domestic players are not enough, not as many changes of the foreign players. However, the success rate of domestic players in serving is not inferior. 3. The analysis of the service foothold of domestic and foreign players shows that domestic players have a relatively fixed serve base, and the base line offensive and defensive ability is also obviously weaker. 4. The analysis of the type of serve, domestic and foreign players hold each other level, equal. According to the above conclusion and analysis, this paper gives the following suggestions to improve the success rate and scoring rate of tennis serve and improve the players' physical quality and serve way: 1. Compared with foreign athletes, the average height of Chinese athletes is relatively thin and short, so we should pay attention to the control of athletes' diet and physical training as early as possible. So that we can cultivate more potential players for our country. 2. From the service type, from the observation video of the previous matches, because our players are not skilled in serving skills, and there are fewer ways of changing the serve, The result our country serves the goal rate to compare the low reality. Therefore, our athletes should strengthen the training of serve mode so that they can serve high quality ball under strong pressure, increase the variety of serve, train the ability to adapt to the situation and change the serving skill. In order to improve the scoring rate of our country's players, the players should use the equaliser and lateral spin serve more often, and the upper spin serve more in the second serve.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：延邊大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：G845

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本文編號(hào)：2381463