本文選題：非物質文化遺產(chǎn) + 岳家拳　； 參考：《武漢體育學院》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：非物質文化遺產(chǎn)作為中國傳統(tǒng)文化的精華,是一個民族生命記憶和文化基因的延續(xù),具有深厚的文化底蘊,要實現(xiàn)其科學有序的發(fā)展絕非一朝一夕就能完成的文化工程。中國“非遺”由最初的起步階段、到中間的“申遺熱”階段,現(xiàn)已經(jīng)邁入了“非遺后”的規(guī)范化發(fā)展階段,可謂是起步晚、發(fā)展快、成效大。但這種跨越式的發(fā)展,必然會產(chǎn)生一系列錯綜復雜的問題和挑戰(zhàn)。因此,非遺后時期不僅要對前階段一些細枝末節(jié)問題進行完善和修補,更要探索如何科學有效的傳承,使非遺后工作更加有序的向縱深方向發(fā)展。本文主要采用文獻資料法、田野調查法、訪談法等研究方法,以國家級非物質文化遺產(chǎn)——岳家拳為研究對象。梳理其源流與發(fā)展、解析其傳承群體的構成與職責、傳承的內(nèi)容結構以及傳承路徑等;并在此基礎上對相關問題進行探討。研究認為,非遺后時期岳家拳的發(fā)展模式已初具形態(tài),有其可借鑒的豐富經(jīng)驗,也存在一定的問題與不足。經(jīng)驗:1.岳家拳傳承隊伍由點及面擴大,針對不同層次的傳承群體采取不同的培養(yǎng)方式;2.其傳承路徑不斷向多元化發(fā)展,已經(jīng)形成了以“教育傳承”為核心,比賽展演、區(qū)域合作、媒介傳播等多元并存的發(fā)展路徑。不足:1.缺乏動態(tài)化的監(jiān)督體系和考核制度。2.對一般性傳承人和傳習人扶持與幫助不夠,無法形成一個有效的傳承鏈。3.教學不規(guī)范、師資力量不足,兩校資源結構混亂,未能實現(xiàn)互利共贏;校園傳承封閉,內(nèi)外傳承不均衡。4.傳承人文化身份和傳承單位主體身份模糊不清。通過對岳家拳個案進行剖析,從而對傳統(tǒng)武術在非遺后時期的發(fā)展提出相關建議:1.應加強保護主體與傳承主體之間的合作與溝通,充分發(fā)揮傳承群體各自的優(yōu)勢,使之形成合力。2.重視一般性傳承人和傳習人的關注,可以通過“半體制化”的方式來提高待遇;建立傳習人“定向培養(yǎng)”和“交換培養(yǎng)”的教育機制。3.重新審視非遺的原真性,提高傳統(tǒng)武術的訓練科學化水平,優(yōu)化其物質保障。4.從專家、政府和群眾代表三方面建立評價與監(jiān)督有效整合的監(jiān)測機制。5.搭建活態(tài)展演的平臺,打造非遺文化旅游城,營造氛圍濃厚的文化生態(tài)圈。
[Abstract]:As the essence of Chinese traditional culture, the intangible cultural heritage is the continuation of a nation's life memory and cultural gene, and has profound cultural background. To realize its scientific and orderly development is not a cultural project that can be completed overnight. From the initial stage to the middle stage, China's "non-posthumous" has entered the stage of standardized development of "non-posthumous", which can be said to be a late start, rapid development and great results. However, this kind of leapfrog development will inevitably produce a series of complicated problems and challenges. Therefore, during the period of non-sequestration, we should not only perfect and repair some minor problems in the former stage, but also explore how to carry on the inheritance scientifically and effectively, so that the work of non-sequestration can be developed in a more orderly way. This article mainly uses the literature method, the field investigation method, the interview method and so on research method, takes the national level intangible cultural heritage-Yue Jia Quan as the research object. Combing its origin and development, analyzing the composition and responsibility of the inheritance group, the content structure of the inheritance and the inheritance path, etc., and on this basis to discuss the relevant issues. It is believed that the development mode of Yue Jia Quan in the non-posthumous period has taken shape and has rich experience which can be used for reference, as well as some problems and shortcomings. Experience 1. Yuejia Quan inheritance team is expanded by points and facets, and different cultivation methods are adopted for different levels of inheritance groups. Its inheritance path has been developing to diversification, and has formed a diversified development path with "education heritage" as the core, competition exhibition, regional cooperation, media communication, and so on. Less than 1: 1. Lack of dynamic supervision system and evaluation system. Not enough support and help for general inheritors and missionaries, can not form an effective inheritance chain. 3. The teaching is not standardized, the teacher strength is insufficient, the resources structure of the two schools is chaotic, and the mutual benefit is not realized; the campus inheritance is closed, and the internal and external inheritance is not balanced. 4. The identity of inheriting human culture and the identity of the main body of the inheriting unit are ambiguous. Through the analysis of Yue Jiaxuan case, this paper puts forward some suggestions on the development of traditional martial arts in the non-posthumous period. We should strengthen the cooperation and communication between the protection subject and the inheritance subject, give full play to the respective advantages of the inheritance group, and make it form the resultant force. To pay attention to the concerns of general inheritors and propagandists, we can improve the treatment by means of "semi-institutionalization", and establish the educational mechanism of "orientation training" and "exchange training". Re-examine the original nature of non-legacy, improve the traditional Wushu training scientific level, optimize its material security. 4. From the experts, the government and the masses of the three aspects of evaluation and supervision of effective integration of the establishment of monitoring mechanisms. Build a living performance platform, create a non-heritage cultural tourism city, create a strong atmosphere of cultural ecological circle.
【學位授予單位】：武漢體育學院
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：G852.1

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