【摘要】：大學(xué)生正處于知識儲備、人格形成、探索社會的重要時期,也是從未成熟到成熟、從校園步入社會,完成社會化任務(wù)的重要過渡階段。然而許多大學(xué)生的人際交往能力令人堪憂,大學(xué)生的人際關(guān)系狀況不盡如人意,因為人際交往適應(yīng)不良導(dǎo)致的惡性事件也屢現(xiàn)不鮮。因此提高大學(xué)生的人際交往能力和改善大學(xué)生的人際交往狀況勢在必行。 就目前的研究成果看,在大學(xué)生人際交往現(xiàn)狀分析方面,大學(xué)生人際交往的特點、范圍、內(nèi)容、功能、意義及影響因素、基本理論等問題的研究較多,但對于新經(jīng)濟時代條件下大學(xué)生人際交往呈現(xiàn)出的新狀況研究較少。同時,目前對于大學(xué)生人際交往能力提升方面還沒有一整套包括理論課程和實踐課程在內(nèi)的系統(tǒng)培訓(xùn)方案,本文則力圖研究打造出一套適合大學(xué)生的,真正能夠提升大學(xué)生人際交往能力的系統(tǒng)培養(yǎng)體系。 本文的研究內(nèi)容主要包括大學(xué)生的人際交往現(xiàn)狀實證研究和大學(xué)生人際交往能力提升方案兩方面的內(nèi)容。 采用自編的《大學(xué)生人際關(guān)系基本狀況調(diào)查問卷》和《人際交往能力評估問卷》(中文版)作為調(diào)查工具,對山東大學(xué)的843名在校本科生進行問卷調(diào)查,并對兩個問卷中的人際關(guān)系現(xiàn)狀和人際交往能力等7個維度的調(diào)查進行了分析。 調(diào)查結(jié)果分析顯示：當(dāng)代大學(xué)生的班級和宿舍人際關(guān)系滿意度均有待提高；當(dāng)代大學(xué)生的人際交往能力總體情況的高分百分比為20.40%,高于常模5個多百分點,但低分百分比為26.69%,高出常模11個多百分點。當(dāng)代大學(xué)生的“主動交往”、“適當(dāng)拒絕”、“自我表露”、“情感支持”等方面的人際交往能力較為欠缺,尤其是“情感支持”能力最為欠缺,在“沖突管理”能力方面表現(xiàn)良好；當(dāng)代大學(xué)生的人際交往障礙主要表現(xiàn)在異性交往障礙、學(xué)生干部與;普通同學(xué)的交往障礙和特殊群體交往障礙幾個方面。 文章從課程和實戰(zhàn)兩方面提出大學(xué)生人際交往能力的提升策略和方法。提出大學(xué)生人際交往能力提升課程中包含人際關(guān)系基本理論和人際關(guān)系與其他多種學(xué)科交叉的課程內(nèi)容,并針對不同年級的大學(xué)生制定出適用于各年級的人際交往能力提升課程。在方案的實戰(zhàn)部分,提出參與式訓(xùn)練(素質(zhì)拓展、團體輔導(dǎo))、體驗式訓(xùn)練(體驗式游戲、情景劇)和咨詢式訓(xùn)練(弱勢群體咨詢、戀愛咨詢)三種實戰(zhàn)訓(xùn)練模式。使理論知識與客觀實踐相結(jié)合,最終達到提高大學(xué)生人際交往能力的最終目標(biāo)。
[Abstract]:College students are in the important period of knowledge reserve, personality formation and social exploration, which is an important transitional stage from campus to society, from campus to society. However, the interpersonal ability of many college students is worrisome, and the interpersonal relationship of college students is not satisfactory. Therefore, it is imperative to improve the interpersonal ability of college students and improve their interpersonal communication. According to the current research results, there are many researches on the characteristics, scope, content, function, significance and influence factors, basic theory and so on of college students' interpersonal communication. However, there is little research on the new situation of college students' interpersonal communication in the new economic era. At the same time, there is not a whole set of systematic training programs, including theoretical courses and practical courses, for the enhancement of college students' interpersonal skills. This paper tries to study and create a set of suitable for college students. The system that can really enhance the interpersonal ability of college students. The research content of this paper mainly includes two aspects: the empirical study on the present situation of college students' interpersonal communication and the improvement of college students' interpersonal communication ability. In this paper, 843 undergraduates of Shandong University were investigated by using the questionnaire of the basic status of College students' interpersonal relationship and the Chinese version of the questionnaire on the Assessment of interpersonal ability. The present situation of interpersonal relationship and interpersonal ability in the two questionnaires were analyzed. The results show that the satisfaction degree of class and dormitory interpersonal relationship of contemporary college students should be improved, and the percentage of high score of the overall interpersonal communication ability of contemporary college students is 20.40%, which is more than 5 percentage points higher than the norm. But the percentage of low score is 26.69 percent, which is more than 11 percentage points higher than the norm. The interpersonal ability of contemporary college students in such aspects as "active communication", "appropriate rejection", "self-disclosure" and "emotional support" is relatively deficient, especially the ability of "emotional support". In the aspect of "conflict management" ability, the obstacles of interpersonal communication of contemporary college students are mainly heterosexual communication barriers, student cadres and students, ordinary students' communication obstacles and special group communication obstacles. In this paper, the strategies and methods of improving college students' interpersonal skills are put forward from the aspects of curriculum and actual combat. The basic theory of interpersonal relationship and the content of intersecting between interpersonal relationship and other subjects are proposed in the course of enhancing college students' interpersonal communication ability. And for different grades of college students to develop suitable for each grade of interpersonal skills promotion curriculum. In the actual combat part of the scheme, three training modes are put forward: participatory training (quality expansion, group counseling), experiential training (experiential game, drama) and counseling (weak group consultation, love counseling). The final goal of improving college students' interpersonal communication ability is to combine theoretical knowledge with objective practice.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：山東大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類號】：G645.5

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