【摘要】：美國加州①公立社區(qū)學院在100多年的發(fā)展歷史中，取得了巨大的成就，是加州公立高等教育的重要組成部分。其中，加州公立社區(qū)學院專業(yè)設置與調(diào)整科學規(guī)范、管理嚴格，值得學習借鑒。本文探討加州公立社區(qū)學院專業(yè)設置與調(diào)整的相關法律法規(guī)以及管理機構(gòu)，特別是各級教育行政主管部門職責和權力的劃定。進而，研究加州公立社區(qū)學院專業(yè)設置與調(diào)整的申請程序，探討一個專業(yè)該如何客觀地綜合各種因素，才能符合社會發(fā)展的需要。 我國的高職院校是高等教育重要的組成部分，自1999年高校擴招以來，得到了快速發(fā)展。目前，高職院校在校生規(guī)模已接近一千萬②。但高職院校教育質(zhì)量卻并不樂觀。很多學校專業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)不合理，與社會經(jīng)濟文化發(fā)展的變化需求不一致，大量學生畢業(yè)后無法找到與專業(yè)對口的工作。如何提高高職院校專業(yè)設置的科學性與合理性，是當前迫切需要研究的問題。 一個合理的專業(yè)至少要達到兩方面的要求：（1）專業(yè)必須根源于社會的發(fā)展需要；（2）學校有足夠的資源保證開設專業(yè)的教育質(zhì)量。大量的研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，我國很多高職院校的專業(yè)都不能夠滿足這兩點。為何大量不合理的專業(yè)能夠通過教育行政主管部門的審批，這是問題的關鍵。也就是說，要使高職院校的專業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)科學合理，教育行政主管部門必須加強對專業(yè)設置與調(diào)整的管理。 研究國外高校在專業(yè)設置與調(diào)整上的先進理念與實踐，加深對專業(yè)的認識，為我國教育改革提供借鑒與參考，有著很強的現(xiàn)實意義。根據(jù)加州公立社區(qū)學院的經(jīng)驗，高職院校和教育行政主管部門必須客觀、理性地綜合各種因素，，才能優(yōu)化高職院校的專業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)。
[Abstract]:California 1 Public Community College has made great achievements in the development history of more than 100 years, and it is an important part of California public higher education. Among them, California Public Community College professional setting and adjustment of scientific norms, strict management, worthy of learning and reference. This paper discusses the relevant laws and regulations of the professional establishment and adjustment of California Public Community College and the delineation of the responsibilities and powers of the administrative departments of education at all levels. Furthermore, this paper studies the application procedure of specialty setting and adjustment in California Public Community College, and discusses how a major can objectively synthesize various factors in order to meet the needs of social development. Higher vocational colleges in China are an important part of higher education. Since the expansion of enrollment in 1999, colleges and universities have been developed rapidly. At present, the scale of students in higher vocational colleges is close to 10 million. However, the quality of higher vocational education is not optimistic. The professional structure of many schools is unreasonable, which is inconsistent with the changing needs of social, economic and cultural development. A large number of students can not find jobs with their majors after graduation. How to improve the science and rationality of specialty setting in higher vocational colleges is an urgent problem to be studied at present. A reasonable major should meet at least two requirements: (1) the major must be rooted in the needs of social development; (2) the school has sufficient resources to ensure the quality of education. A large number of studies have found that many higher vocational colleges in China can not meet these two points. Why a large number of unreasonable majors can pass the approval of the education administrative department, this is the key to the problem. In other words, in order to make the professional structure of higher vocational colleges scientific and reasonable, the administrative department of education must strengthen the management of specialty setting and adjustment. It is of great practical significance to study the advanced ideas and practices of foreign colleges and universities in the setting and adjustment of specialties, to deepen the understanding of specialties, and to provide reference for the educational reform of our country. According to the experience of California Public Community College, higher vocational colleges and educational administrative departments must objectively and rationally synthesize various factors in order to optimize the professional structure of higher vocational colleges.
【學位授予單位】：江西科技師范大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：G648.6

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本文編號：2495913