【摘要】：我國(guó)自新中國(guó)成立以來的三十多年中,高等教育實(shí)施的是“精英教育”,大學(xué)畢業(yè)生作為精英人才是社會(huì)的稀缺資源,大學(xué)畢業(yè)生就業(yè)是計(jì)劃分配,因而不存在就業(yè)問題。1979年開始,我國(guó)進(jìn)行經(jīng)濟(jì)體制改革,大學(xué)畢業(yè)生就業(yè)計(jì)劃分配體制也隨之變化,由計(jì)劃分配轉(zhuǎn)向自主擇業(yè),大學(xué)生就業(yè)問題初現(xiàn)。隨著1999年高等教育的擴(kuò)招,到21世紀(jì)初,大學(xué)生就業(yè)問題日益突出,呈現(xiàn)眾多困難。 職業(yè)是人社會(huì)化的必經(jīng)之路,而就業(yè)是大學(xué)畢業(yè)生職業(yè)發(fā)展歷程中的重要的起點(diǎn)性環(huán)節(jié)。面對(duì)大學(xué)生就業(yè)問題,為大學(xué)生群體實(shí)施有效的就業(yè)援助,有利于其順利實(shí)現(xiàn)從學(xué)校到工作的轉(zhuǎn)變,促進(jìn)其職業(yè)能力的提升。基于就業(yè)援助的重要性,目前我國(guó)不同主體針對(duì)大學(xué)生群體提供了各種各樣的就業(yè)援助,但這些措施是否滿足了學(xué)生的需求?還存在怎樣的問題?如何在滿足大學(xué)生需求的基礎(chǔ)上,建構(gòu)符合我國(guó)國(guó)情的大學(xué)生就業(yè)援助體系?這是本論文需探討的主要問題。 為解決以上問題,本文采用問卷調(diào)研法分析大學(xué)生目前亟需的大學(xué)生就業(yè)援助內(nèi)容、形式等,在問卷分析的基礎(chǔ)上,借助文獻(xiàn)法和訪談法從大學(xué)生的職業(yè)發(fā)展需求視角審視我國(guó)大學(xué)生就業(yè)援助的實(shí)施現(xiàn)狀和問題,然后采用文獻(xiàn)法借鑒國(guó)內(nèi)外比較先進(jìn)的大學(xué)生就業(yè)援助案例,試圖為解決我國(guó)大學(xué)生就業(yè)援助的問題作參考,最后建構(gòu)和完善符合我國(guó)國(guó)情的大學(xué)生就業(yè)援助體系。 本論文共分為五章進(jìn)行探討： 第一章緒論部分。這一部分對(duì)本文選題的緣由、研究對(duì)象的確立,相關(guān)概念的界定以及前人的研究基礎(chǔ)等進(jìn)行了梳理,同時(shí)對(duì)論文的整體思路進(jìn)行了設(shè)計(jì)。這部分是全文論述的重要前提。 第二章調(diào)查我國(guó)大學(xué)生就業(yè)援助的需求及存在的問題。本章對(duì)大學(xué)生的職業(yè)發(fā)展需求以及遇到的問題進(jìn)行問卷調(diào)研,通過問卷分析發(fā)現(xiàn),大學(xué)生亟需的就要援助內(nèi)容主要包括：大學(xué)生對(duì)實(shí)習(xí)實(shí)踐工作經(jīng)驗(yàn)的需求：大學(xué)生對(duì)職業(yè)培訓(xùn)的需求；大學(xué)生對(duì)職業(yè)指導(dǎo)的需求。大學(xué)生亟需的就業(yè)援助形式主要包括大學(xué)生對(duì)援助主體的選擇和不同職業(yè)發(fā)展階段的需求。此外,大學(xué)生對(duì)就業(yè)保障體系也有一定需求。這為下文調(diào)研各主體針對(duì)大學(xué)生群體開展的就業(yè)援助實(shí)施情況做鋪墊。 第三章根據(jù)大學(xué)生的需求審視我國(guó)各實(shí)施主體對(duì)大學(xué)生群體開展就業(yè)援助的情況。本章主要以政府的大學(xué)生見習(xí)計(jì)劃的實(shí)施、高校的就業(yè)指導(dǎo)工作、用人單位的企業(yè)實(shí)習(xí)及培訓(xùn)機(jī)構(gòu)的資格證書培訓(xùn)為例,總結(jié)我國(guó)大學(xué)生就業(yè)援助的問題,其問題主要包括：一、援助理念沒有從大學(xué)生的需求出發(fā)；二、援助主體之間合作不緊密；三、援助體系沒有注重大學(xué)生職前職后的貫通；四、援助措施缺乏有力的政策法律保證。 第四章針對(duì)第三章大學(xué)生就業(yè)援助實(shí)施中存在的問題,以不同主體為分類依據(jù),借鑒國(guó)內(nèi)外的先進(jìn)做法,其經(jīng)驗(yàn)包括：一、援助理念：以大學(xué)生的需求為出發(fā)點(diǎn)；二、援助主體：不同主體之間分工合作：三、援助體系：注重大學(xué)生職前職后培訓(xùn)的貫通；四、援助保障：完善的法律政策保障。 第五章在前幾章的基礎(chǔ)上,建構(gòu)我國(guó)的大學(xué)生就業(yè)援助實(shí)踐策略,主要包括：一、就業(yè)援助理念以大學(xué)生需求為出發(fā)點(diǎn)；二、援助主體應(yīng)注重不同主體之間的分工合作：三、援助體系應(yīng)注重大學(xué)生職前職后的貫通；四、援助保障應(yīng)注重法律政策的完善。
[Abstract]:In the past 30 years since the founding of New China, higher education has been carrying out "elite education". College graduates, as elite talents, are scarce resources of the society. The employment of college graduates is planned distribution, so there is no employment problem. Since 1979, China has carried out economic system reform and the distribution system of employment plan for college graduates. With the expansion of higher education in 1999 and the beginning of the 21st century, the employment problem of college students has become increasingly prominent and presents many difficulties.
Career is the only way for people to socialize, and employment is an important starting point in the career development of College graduates. Faced with the employment problem of College students, effective employment assistance for college students is conducive to their smooth transition from school to work, and promote their professional ability. At present, different subjects in our country have provided various kinds of employment assistance for college students, but whether these measures meet the needs of students? What are the problems? How to construct an employment assistance system for college students on the basis of meeting the needs of College students? This is the main problem to be discussed in this paper.
In order to solve the above problems, this paper uses the method of questionnaire survey to analyze the content and form of College Students'employment assistance urgently needed at present. On the basis of questionnaire analysis, with the help of literature method and interview method, this paper examines the implementation status and problems of College Students' employment assistance from the perspective of College Students'career development needs, and then uses the method of literature to draw lessons from other countries. The domestic and foreign advanced cases of College Students'employment assistance try to solve the problem of College Students' employment assistance as a reference, and finally construct and perfect the college students'employment assistance system in line with China's national conditions.
This thesis is divided into five chapters:
The first chapter is the introduction part. This part combs the reasons for the topic, the establishment of the research object, the definition of related concepts and the research foundation of predecessors, and designs the overall idea of the paper. This part is the important premise of the full text.
Chapter 2 investigates the needs and problems of employment assistance for college students in China. This chapter makes a questionnaire survey on the needs of College Students'career development and the problems they encounter. The forms of employment assistance urgently needed by college students mainly include the choice of aid subjects and the needs of different career development stages. In addition, college students also have a certain demand for employment security system. Prepare for the situation.
Chapter 3 examines the employment assistance provided to the undergraduates by the various implementing bodies according to the needs of the undergraduates. This chapter mainly takes the implementation of the government's undergraduate probation program, the employment guidance work of the universities, the enterprise practice of the employing units and the qualification certificate training of the training institutions as examples to summarize the problems of the employment assistance for the undergraduates in China. The main problems include: first, the concept of aid does not start from the needs of College students; second, the cooperation between the main aid is not close; third, the aid system does not pay attention to the coherence of college students before and after work; fourth, the aid measures lack of strong policy and legal guarantee.
Chapter Four aims at the problems existing in the implementation of College Students'employment assistance in Chapter Three, based on the classification of different subjects and drawing on the advanced practices at home and abroad, and its experience includes: First, aid concept: starting from the needs of College students; Second, aid subject: division of labor and cooperation between different subjects: Third, aid system: paying attention to college students' pre-service work After training, four, aid guarantee: perfect legal policy guarantee.
The fifth chapter, on the basis of the previous chapters, constructs the practical strategies of employment assistance for college students in China, mainly including: first, the idea of employment assistance is based on the needs of College students; second, the main body of assistance should pay attention to the division of labor and cooperation between different subjects; third, the aid system should pay attention to the coherence of college students before and after their employment; fourth, the aid guarantee should pay attention to. The perfection of legal policy.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：華東師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號(hào)】：G647.38

【參考文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前10條

1 ;接受職業(yè)培訓(xùn)是趨勢(shì) 吳啟迪:大學(xué)生回爐很正常[J];職業(yè)教育研究;2006年10期

2 龍溪虎;巢傳宣;;國(guó)外促進(jìn)就業(yè)的經(jīng)驗(yàn)及啟示[J];企業(yè)經(jīng)濟(jì);2011年12期

3 姚裕群;;我國(guó)大學(xué)生就業(yè)難問題演變與近期發(fā)展趨勢(shì)[J];人口學(xué)刊;2008年01期

4 余祖光;;職業(yè)教育——破解中國(guó)就業(yè)難的“金鑰匙”[J];人民論壇;2006年01期

5 劉天然;;經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)角度分析大學(xué)生就業(yè)市場(chǎng)[J];中國(guó)市場(chǎng);2006年44期

6 馬安勤;張日新;王廣深;米運(yùn)生;;高校畢業(yè)生就業(yè)難的成因及對(duì)策[J];教育探索;2007年11期

7 韓海浪;;高校畢業(yè)生就業(yè)存在的主要問題與對(duì)策[J];教育探索;2010年10期

8 沈超;宋言東;;我國(guó)大學(xué)生就業(yè)失衡現(xiàn)象的經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)解析[J];教育發(fā)展研究;2007年21期

9 朱生玉;;大學(xué)生就業(yè)力調(diào)查——基于用人單位與畢業(yè)生的視角[J];教育發(fā)展研究;2009年23期

10 謝勇;;日本的大學(xué)生就業(yè)促進(jìn)措施及其對(duì)中國(guó)的啟示[J];外國(guó)教育研究;2007年09期

，

本文編號(hào)：2221591