本文選題：新自由主義 + 高校治理　； 參考：《大連理工大學(xué)》2013年碩士論文

【摘要】：上世紀70年代,新自由主義在英美等國興起并對其政治經(jīng)濟以及社會領(lǐng)域產(chǎn)生了深遠的影響,而這一過程與我國從計劃經(jīng)濟體制走向市場經(jīng)濟體制這一社會經(jīng)濟體制轉(zhuǎn)變過程有著一定的相似性。同時,社會經(jīng)濟體制的變革必然會對高等教育領(lǐng)域產(chǎn)生影響。自20世紀80年代以來,西方發(fā)達國家以及正在轉(zhuǎn)型的發(fā)展中國家所進行的一輪又一輪的高等教育改革,基本上都是以新自由主義理論為指導(dǎo)原則。而在這其中,作為新自由主義的倡導(dǎo)先鋒,英國對大學(xué)治理模式的改革又具有一定的代表性。因此,本文通過采用文獻分析、比較研究等方式,旨在對新自由主義背景F英國大學(xué)治理模式所產(chǎn)生的變化進行研究,并總結(jié)其治理經(jīng)驗以及所存在的問題,希望能夠幫助我們借鑒國外改革的經(jīng)驗,并規(guī)避新自由主義帶給我國高校治理方面的風(fēng)險,進而對新時期我國高校的治理模式帶來啟示 自20世紀30年代開始,來源于古典主義的新自由主義,便作為當(dāng)代一個重要的經(jīng)濟學(xué)派而逐漸興起,并在五六十年代有了較大的發(fā)展。新自主義是古典自由主義在新時期歷史條件下的發(fā)展,它主張限制國家干預(yù),并充分發(fā)揮市場機制。英國的撒切爾政府和美國的里根政府作為新自由主義的倡導(dǎo)先鋒,率先在本國的經(jīng)濟和社會領(lǐng)域?qū)嵭辛艘幌盗械母母铩６鳛橛绊懻麄�時代經(jīng)濟社會發(fā)展的意識形態(tài)的新自由主義,必然也對大學(xué)產(chǎn)生重要的影響。通過研究可以發(fā)現(xiàn),傳統(tǒng)上英國大學(xué)以自治理念為根本,大學(xué)與外部社會的聯(lián)系較少,英國政府給予大學(xué)最大限度的自治權(quán)力,大學(xué)是由學(xué)者們組成的相對分散的學(xué)術(shù)組織,教授們享受較大的自主權(quán)。而在新自由主義沖擊下,大學(xué)治理模式發(fā)生了很大的變化。政府通過削減對英國大學(xué)的財政撥款,力求從宏觀管理層面對大學(xué)進行干預(yù)和控制,而大學(xué)內(nèi)部的管理方式也受到相應(yīng)的影響,開始講求專業(yè)化的管理,具有商業(yè)背景的管理者開始進入大學(xué),學(xué)者們的管理權(quán)限集中與學(xué)術(shù)事務(wù)上,學(xué)術(shù)與行政的權(quán)責(zé)劃分更加明確。另外,在新自由主義思潮的沖擊下,高校治理模式的改革也為高等教育領(lǐng)域帶來了許多問題,包括學(xué)術(shù)人員的權(quán)力被弱化,學(xué)術(shù)本位的治理理念被弱化,市場化競爭模式導(dǎo)致了資源分配的不均等。對這些問題的規(guī)避,也是我國高校在完善治理模式的過程中所必須注意到的。
[Abstract]:In the 1970s, neoliberalism rose in countries such as the United States and had a profound impact on its political, economic and social fields. This process is similar to that of our country from the planned economy system to the market economy system. At the same time, the transformation of the social economic system will inevitably have an impact on the field of higher education. Since the eighties of the 20th century, the western developed countries and the developing countries in transition have carried out round after round of higher education reform, which is basically guided by the neoliberal theory. Among them, as the pioneer of neoliberalism, the reform of university governance mode in Britain has certain representativeness. Therefore, by means of literature analysis and comparative study, this paper aims to study the changes in the governance model of British universities under the background of neoliberalism, and summarize its governance experience and existing problems. It is hoped that it can help us learn from the experience of foreign reform and avoid the risks of neoliberalism in the governance of colleges and universities in our country, and thus bring enlightenment to the governance model of Chinese universities in the new period. Since the 1930s, neoliberalism, which originated from classicism, has gradually risen as an important economic school in contemporary times, and has developed greatly in the 1950s and 1960s. Neo-self-ism is the development of classical liberalism under the new historical conditions. It advocates restricting state intervention and giving full play to market mechanism. As the pioneer of neoliberalism, the Thatcher Administration of England and the Reagan Administration of America carried out a series of reforms in the economic and social fields. However, neoliberalism, as an ideology that influences the economic and social development of the whole era, must also have an important impact on universities. Through research, we can find that British universities are traditionally based on the concept of autonomy and have less connection with the outside society. The British government gives universities the maximum autonomy power, and universities are relatively decentralized academic organizations composed of scholars. Professors enjoy greater autonomy. However, under the impact of neoliberalism, great changes have taken place in the mode of university governance. By cutting financial allocations to British universities, the government sought to intervene and control the universities from the macro management level, and the internal management of the universities was affected accordingly, and began to focus on professional management. Managers with business background begin to enter universities, scholars' management authority and academic affairs are concentrated, and the division between academic and administrative powers and responsibilities is more clear. In addition, under the impact of the neoliberal trend of thought, the reform of university governance mode has brought many problems to the field of higher education, including the weakening of the power of academic personnel and the weakening of the governing concept of academic standard. The market competition mode leads to the unequal distribution of resources. To avoid these problems, colleges and universities in our country in the process of improving the governance model must pay attention to.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：大連理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：G649.561

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