本文關(guān)鍵詞： 高校畢業(yè)生 多元主體參與 就業(yè)保障機(jī)制 績(jī)效測(cè)評(píng)　出處：《上海工程技術(shù)大學(xué)》2013年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：隨著我國(guó)高等教育實(shí)現(xiàn)由“精英教育”向“大眾教育”的轉(zhuǎn)變，人與人之間的教育機(jī)會(huì)日趨平等，人力資源開發(fā)水平得到了較高的提升。然而，高校畢業(yè)生規(guī)模的急劇膨脹與經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展對(duì)高學(xué)歷人才需求的增長(zhǎng)緩慢形成對(duì)比，高校畢業(yè)生就業(yè)市場(chǎng)在人才供給和市場(chǎng)需求關(guān)系上出現(xiàn)了總量性與結(jié)構(gòu)性矛盾，人力資本投資損失嚴(yán)重，高校畢業(yè)生就業(yè)難問題日益突出，這不僅造成了教育資源的巨大浪費(fèi)和人才的流失，還對(duì)經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展和社會(huì)穩(wěn)定產(chǎn)生消極的影響。 本文以上海市為研究對(duì)象，以就業(yè)保障機(jī)制為研究?jī)?nèi)容，對(duì)國(guó)內(nèi)外的研究現(xiàn)狀以及相關(guān)理論進(jìn)行梳理與評(píng)述，為本研究提供理論支撐。同時(shí)，把上海市高校畢業(yè)生就業(yè)保障機(jī)制的研究放在高等教育大眾化的時(shí)代背景下，梳理我國(guó)高校畢業(yè)生就業(yè)制度的三大歷史演進(jìn)階段，并對(duì)上海市近五年的高校畢業(yè)生就業(yè)政策進(jìn)行簡(jiǎn)要回顧，以此為研究提供背景依據(jù)。 通過相關(guān)文獻(xiàn)查閱、數(shù)據(jù)搜索和問卷調(diào)查，把握當(dāng)前上海市高校畢業(yè)生就業(yè)的基本情況，并從學(xué)歷層次、專業(yè)類型、地區(qū)流向、行業(yè)分布、單位類型、就業(yè)形式和薪資待遇等角度歸納上海市高校畢業(yè)生的就業(yè)特點(diǎn)，在此基礎(chǔ)上揭示高校畢業(yè)生就業(yè)中存在著供需總量矛盾仍然存在、供需結(jié)構(gòu)矛盾日益突出、未充分就業(yè)現(xiàn)象逐步凸顯、已就業(yè)畢業(yè)生的職業(yè)穩(wěn)定性不高、以創(chuàng)業(yè)帶動(dòng)就業(yè)的實(shí)施效果甚微等五大問題，為研究高校畢業(yè)生就業(yè)保障機(jī)制的必要性提供現(xiàn)實(shí)依據(jù)。 基于政府、高校、用人單位和畢業(yè)生個(gè)人四方主體參與的視角，構(gòu)建高校畢業(yè)生就業(yè)保障機(jī)制績(jī)效的測(cè)評(píng)指標(biāo)體系，運(yùn)用AHP層次分析法建立層次結(jié)構(gòu)模型，確定四者的影響權(quán)重依次為0.455、0.263、0.141、0.141，并同時(shí)求出15項(xiàng)三級(jí)指標(biāo)的權(quán)重。在此基礎(chǔ)上引入模糊綜合評(píng)價(jià)方法對(duì)當(dāng)前上海市高校畢業(yè)生就業(yè)保障機(jī)制的績(jī)效進(jìn)行綜合測(cè)評(píng)，根據(jù)最大隸屬度原則，得出綜合測(cè)評(píng)結(jié)果為“一般”。據(jù)此，結(jié)合調(diào)研數(shù)據(jù)，，深入分析了政府在政策實(shí)施、公共服務(wù)、監(jiān)管職能和市場(chǎng)干預(yù)；高校在招生規(guī)劃、培養(yǎng)模式和指導(dǎo)服務(wù)；用人單位在公平招聘、擇人標(biāo)準(zhǔn)、用工規(guī)范和校企合作；畢業(yè)生在就業(yè)觀念、職業(yè)技能、專業(yè)知識(shí)和職業(yè)素質(zhì)等方面存在的成效與偏失。 最后，通過探索和借鑒國(guó)外在促進(jìn)高校畢業(yè)生就業(yè)中的具體措施，在結(jié)合當(dāng)前實(shí)際的基礎(chǔ)上，從完善政府宏觀調(diào)控機(jī)制、創(chuàng)新高校教育指導(dǎo)機(jī)制、健全企業(yè)人才引進(jìn)機(jī)制和優(yōu)化畢業(yè)生自我促成機(jī)制等四個(gè)層面探討上海市高校畢業(yè)生就業(yè)保障機(jī)制的完善對(duì)策，以進(jìn)一步發(fā)揮四大主體在促進(jìn)高校畢業(yè)生就業(yè)工作中的主導(dǎo)作用、引導(dǎo)作用、支撐作用和激勵(lì)作用，力圖構(gòu)建和完善一個(gè)基于政府、高校、用人單位和畢業(yè)生個(gè)人的長(zhǎng)效聯(lián)動(dòng)機(jī)制。
[Abstract]:With the transformation of higher education from "elite education" to "mass education" in China, the educational opportunities among people are becoming more and more equal, and the level of human resources development has been improved. The rapid expansion of the scale of college graduates is in contrast to the slow growth of the demand for highly educated talents by the economic development. The employment market for college graduates has produced a contradiction between the total quantity and the structure of the relationship between the supply of talents and the market demand. The loss of human capital investment is serious and the employment problem of college graduates is becoming more and more prominent which not only causes the huge waste of educational resources and the loss of talents but also has a negative impact on economic development and social stability. This article regards Shanghai as the research object, regards the employment security mechanism as the research content, combs and comments the domestic and foreign research present situation and the related theory, provides the theoretical support for this research at the same time, Under the background of the popularization of higher education, the research on the employment security mechanism of college graduates in Shanghai is put into the background, and the three historical evolution stages of employment system of college graduates in China are combed out. It also briefly reviews the employment policy of college graduates in Shanghai in recent five years, which provides the background for the research. Through the relevant literature review, data search and questionnaire survey, grasp the current basic situation of employment of college graduates in Shanghai, and from the educational level, professional type, regional direction, industry distribution, unit type, On the basis of analyzing the employment characteristics of college graduates in Shanghai from the angle of employment form and salary treatment, it is revealed that the contradiction between supply and demand still exists in the employment of college graduates, and the contradiction of supply and demand structure is becoming more and more prominent. The phenomenon of underemployment is gradually highlighted, the occupational stability of employed graduates is not high, and the implementation effect of employment driven by entrepreneurship is very little, which provides a realistic basis for the study of the necessity of employment security mechanism for college graduates. Based on the participation of the government, universities, employers and graduates, the evaluation index system of employment security mechanism performance of college graduates is constructed, and the hierarchical structure model is established by using AHP analytic hierarchy process (AHP). The influence weight of the four persons is determined to be 0.4550.263U 0.141g 0.141, and the weight of 15 third-level indexes is calculated. On the basis of this, the fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method is introduced to evaluate the performance of the employment security mechanism of college graduates in Shanghai. According to the principle of maximum degree of membership, the comprehensive evaluation result is "general". Based on the survey data, this paper deeply analyzes the government's policy implementation, public service, regulatory function and market intervention. Training model and guiding service; employers in fair recruitment, selection criteria, employment norms and cooperation between schools and enterprises; graduates in the employment concept, vocational skills, professional knowledge and professional quality and other aspects of the effectiveness and bias. Finally, through exploring and drawing lessons from the concrete measures of foreign countries in promoting the employment of college graduates, on the basis of combining the current reality, from perfecting the government macro-control mechanism and innovating the guiding mechanism of university education, Perfect the enterprise talent introduction mechanism and optimize the self-promotion mechanism of graduates to explore the perfect countermeasures of the employment security mechanism of university graduates in Shanghai. In order to further exert the leading role, leading role, supporting role and incentive function of the four main bodies in promoting the employment of college graduates, the author tries to build and perfect a university based on the government, universities, colleges and universities, Unit of choose and employ persons and graduate individual long-term linkage mechanism.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：上海工程技術(shù)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號(hào)】：G647.38;F249.2

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