本文關(guān)鍵詞： 宇通客車 文化 權(quán)力 市場 企業(yè)民族志　出處：《中央民族大學(xué)》2013年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：當(dāng)人類學(xué)傳統(tǒng)的研究領(lǐng)域逐漸迷失在現(xiàn)代化的浪潮之中,許多人類學(xué)家開始尋找人類學(xué)新的出路。經(jīng)濟(jì)人類學(xué)家們開始跨越文野之別,從鄉(xiāng)村回歸到都市,嘗試在城市社區(qū)中來書寫現(xiàn)代意義上的民族志。企業(yè)民族志就是在這種背景下逐漸產(chǎn)生和發(fā)展起來的一種運用傳統(tǒng)人類學(xué)的研究方法研究現(xiàn)代企業(yè)制度的新型民族志。 本文的田野點選取在宇通客車集團(tuán),之所以選取這一樣本,最主要的考慮首先是調(diào)查地點的可進(jìn)入性。因為要做企業(yè)民族志會涉及到公司較為隱秘的運作部分,沒有熟人關(guān)系的介紹一般很難獲取比較有價值的資料。而宇通客車作為筆者家鄉(xiāng)所在地的企業(yè),通過朋友介紹在這一點上基本還是可以保證的。其次,考慮到的是樣本的特殊性。因為,中國的企業(yè)成千上萬,要做這樣一個民族志,要做出自己的特色,一般的企業(yè)研究價值是很低的。而宇通客車作為中國客車行業(yè)的領(lǐng)頭羊,在業(yè)界有著良好的信譽和口碑,另外,企業(yè)構(gòu)架非常完整,公司運營制度完善。最重要的是,他前身是國企,后來改制成民營企業(yè),而在改制過程中,涉及到各方面的利益博弈,很符合我做研究前的一個理論預(yù)設(shè)。 在論述中我運用的研究方法除了人類學(xué)傳統(tǒng)的參與觀察和訪談之外,還運用了比較新近的研究方法“生命史”和“深描”,具體而言,“生命史”的方法主要是指我將宇通集團(tuán)擬人化,按照時間順序,從縱向梳理了宇通從建廠到如今的生命歷程,全方位多視角的展現(xiàn)了宇通的全貌。在寫宇通“生命史”的時候我還結(jié)合了國學(xué)大師王國維先生的人生三境界,將時間段切割為少年、青年、壯年三個階段分別來論述那一時間宇通集團(tuán)的成長歷程。而“深描”的方法來自人類學(xué)前輩格爾茨,這一方法的優(yōu)勢是可以更加關(guān)注細(xì)微,從更具體的地方深挖宇通的細(xì)節(jié)。而最終在這一階段,我選取了宇通文化、權(quán)力、市場相關(guān)的運作以求勾勒出“權(quán)力”隱現(xiàn)下的中國市場經(jīng)濟(jì)的發(fā)展模式。 當(dāng)然,這一切寫作和理論預(yù)設(shè)的靈感都來自經(jīng)濟(jì)人類學(xué)前輩波朗尼,因為我所做的全部的論述歸根結(jié)底都來自于波朗尼那句振聾發(fā)聵的名言——“人類的經(jīng)濟(jì)行為一直是嵌合在社會之中的。” 作為企業(yè)民族志文本的首次嘗試,不管是研究方法還是結(jié)論,甚至于寫作的方式肯定都會有許多不完美的地方。但邁出這艱難的第一步,我們就有理由相信,未來會有更多更加優(yōu)秀的企業(yè)民族志誕生。
[Abstract]:When the traditional field of anthropology was lost in the tide of modernization, many anthropologists began to find a new way out of anthropology. Economic anthropologists began to cross the cultural field, returning from the countryside to the city. Try to write the ethnography in the modern sense in the urban community. The ethnography of enterprise is a new type of people who use the traditional anthropology to study the modern enterprise system. A national record. The field of this paper is selected in Yutong bus Group, the reason for the selection of this sample. The most important consideration is the accessibility of the survey site, as ethnography involves the more secretive part of the company's operations. The introduction of no acquaintance relationship is generally difficult to obtain more valuable information. And Yutong bus as the home location of the enterprise, through the introduction of friends on this point is basically guaranteed. Secondly. Considering the particularity of the sample, because of the thousands of enterprises in China, to do such a ethnography, to make their own characteristics. The general enterprise research value is very low. As the leader of Chinese bus industry, Yutong bus has a good reputation and reputation in the industry, in addition, the enterprise framework is very complete. The most important thing is that his predecessor was a state-owned enterprise, and later changed into a private enterprise. In the process of reform, it involves various aspects of the benefit game, which is very in line with a theoretical presupposition before I do the research. In addition to the anthropological tradition of participation in observation and interviews, I also use more recent research methods, "Life History" and "Deep drawing", to be specific. The method of "the History of Life" mainly refers to my personification of Yutong Group, according to the order of time, combing the life course of Yutong from the establishment of the factory to the present. In the writing of Yutong "life history", I also combined the life of master Wang Guowei, the three realms of life, will be cut into youth, youth. The "deep drawing" method comes from Gertz, the predecessor of anthropology, and the advantage of this method is that it can pay more attention to nuances. In the end, I chose the operation of Yutong culture, power and market in order to outline the development model of China's market economy under the "power". Of course, all of this writing and theoretical presupposition is inspired by the economic anthropology forerunner Polanyi. Because all my exposition comes down to Yu Bo Lonnie's sobering saying: "the economic behavior of mankind has always been embedded in society." As the first attempt of the ethnography text, whether it is the research method or the conclusion, even the way of writing will certainly have many imperfections. But taking this difficult first step, we have reason to believe. There will be more and more excellent ethnography born in the future.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中央民族大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：C912.4

【引證文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)博士學(xué)位論文 前1條

1 楊懿;轉(zhuǎn)型期中的中國民營企業(yè)文化研究[D];復(fù)旦大學(xué);2005年

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本文編號：1461234