中美大學(xué)治理對談
發(fā)布時間：2018-08-18 08:04
【摘要】：大學(xué)治理是世界高等教育變革的共同趨勢,也是中美兩國大學(xué)發(fā)展關(guān)注的話題。由于不同的文化、傳統(tǒng)和環(huán)境,中美兩國大學(xué)在治理上表現(xiàn)出明顯差異。從治理結(jié)構(gòu)看,中國大學(xué)實行黨政統(tǒng)一領(lǐng)導(dǎo)管理,黨政機構(gòu)是治理結(jié)構(gòu)的核心,學(xué)術(shù)委員會等發(fā)揮補充作用;重心在學(xué)校,院系缺乏辦學(xué)自主權(quán);美國大學(xué)享有法定的自治權(quán),教師、行政和董事會形成較為均衡的分享治理結(jié)構(gòu),重心在院系。從利益相關(guān)者的作用看,兩國大學(xué)都注重多元利益相關(guān)者參與治理,但中國大學(xué)黨政領(lǐng)導(dǎo)權(quán)力發(fā)揮主導(dǎo)作用,教師和學(xué)生等的影響微弱;美國大學(xué)行政領(lǐng)導(dǎo)也具有很大權(quán)力,但行政與教師是協(xié)商合作關(guān)系,教師發(fā)揮著重要的影響,學(xué)生和其他群體的作用有限。從治理變革趨勢看,中國大學(xué)治理日益受到國際化、市場化和社會專業(yè)組織的影響,但經(jīng)費的影響不是主要的;美國大學(xué)治理則受國際化和社會組織的影響較小,而更多地受到經(jīng)費緊張的影響。
[Abstract]:University governance is a common trend of higher education reform in the world and a topic of concern for the development of universities in China and the United States. Because of different cultures, traditions and environments, Chinese and American universities show significant differences in governance. From the point of view of the governance structure, Chinese universities are under the unified leadership of the party and government, the party and government organizations are the core of the governance structure, and academic committees play a complementary role; the focus is on the schools, and the departments lack the autonomy to run a school; and American universities enjoy statutory autonomy. Teachers, administration and board of directors form a more balanced shared governance structure, with a focus on faculties and departments. From the perspective of the role of stakeholders, universities in both countries pay attention to the participation of multiple stakeholders in governance, but the leading role of the party and government leadership in Chinese universities is weak, and the influence of teachers and students is weak. The executive leadership of American universities also has a lot of power. However, the relationship between administration and teachers is consultative and cooperative, teachers play an important role, and students and other groups play a limited role. From the perspective of the trend of governance reform, Chinese university governance is increasingly influenced by internationalization, marketization and social professional organizations, but the influence of funding is not the main one, while American university governance is less influenced by internationalization and social organization. And more by the impact of funding constraints.
【作者單位】： 廈門大學(xué)高等教育發(fā)展研究中心;波士頓學(xué)院國際高等教育研究中心;
【基金】：國家社會科學(xué)基金教育學(xué)一般課題“現(xiàn)代大學(xué)制度研究——歷史與現(xiàn)實的反思”(BIA130082)
【分類號】：G647
本文編號：2188865
[Abstract]:University governance is a common trend of higher education reform in the world and a topic of concern for the development of universities in China and the United States. Because of different cultures, traditions and environments, Chinese and American universities show significant differences in governance. From the point of view of the governance structure, Chinese universities are under the unified leadership of the party and government, the party and government organizations are the core of the governance structure, and academic committees play a complementary role; the focus is on the schools, and the departments lack the autonomy to run a school; and American universities enjoy statutory autonomy. Teachers, administration and board of directors form a more balanced shared governance structure, with a focus on faculties and departments. From the perspective of the role of stakeholders, universities in both countries pay attention to the participation of multiple stakeholders in governance, but the leading role of the party and government leadership in Chinese universities is weak, and the influence of teachers and students is weak. The executive leadership of American universities also has a lot of power. However, the relationship between administration and teachers is consultative and cooperative, teachers play an important role, and students and other groups play a limited role. From the perspective of the trend of governance reform, Chinese university governance is increasingly influenced by internationalization, marketization and social professional organizations, but the influence of funding is not the main one, while American university governance is less influenced by internationalization and social organization. And more by the impact of funding constraints.
【作者單位】： 廈門大學(xué)高等教育發(fā)展研究中心;波士頓學(xué)院國際高等教育研究中心;
【基金】：國家社會科學(xué)基金教育學(xué)一般課題“現(xiàn)代大學(xué)制度研究——歷史與現(xiàn)實的反思”(BIA130082)
【分類號】：G647
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