【摘要】：數(shù)學課程改革已在全國全面展開�！白鴺讼蹬c參數(shù)方程”的教學受到一線教師的普遍關(guān)注,一方面是由于教學課時的緊張及學生學習的壓力過大,另一方面是“坐標系與參數(shù)方程”因其內(nèi)容的抽象性使得學生不易掌握。然而,已有的研究大多是關(guān)于教學內(nèi)容的分析、解題策略探究、高考探究等對學生認知水平的研究,但對學生學習坐標系與參數(shù)方程中出現(xiàn)認知錯誤的具體原因的分析非常少,針對學生學習困難的教學對策和方案更是寥寥無幾。針對以上情況,本研究對學生在坐標系與參數(shù)方程學習中的認知錯誤進行了分析研究,并在此基礎上,有針對性地實施了相應的教學對策。本研究主要采用質(zhì)的分析方法來分析問卷調(diào)查和坐標系與參數(shù)方程知識測試中學生表現(xiàn)出的學習認知情況。研究確認了學生在坐標系與參數(shù)方程的學習過程中容易產(chǎn)生的以下的認知錯誤類型:對極坐標系和參數(shù)方程概念、公式理解的困難;三種方程轉(zhuǎn)換不到位;對變量取值范圍的分析欠缺;對各方程的綜合應用能力不強。針對上述學生在學習中易產(chǎn)生的認知錯誤,本研究采取以下的教學對策來糾正學生相應的認知錯誤:精心設計導學案,促進學生對概念和公式的學習認知;加強學生對方程轉(zhuǎn)化實質(zhì)的理解;培養(yǎng)學生全面思考問題的能力;加強綜合技能與運用知識的訓練;反思能力培養(yǎng)。相信,本研究對于進一步提升高中生的坐標系與參數(shù)方程學習能力具有積極的現(xiàn)實意義。
[Abstract]:The reform of mathematics curriculum has been carried out all over the country. The teaching of "coordinate system and Parameter equation" has received widespread attention from teachers in the first line. On the one hand, it is due to the tense teaching hours and the excessive pressure on students to learn. On the other hand, coordinate system and parametric equation are difficult for students to grasp because of their abstractness. However, most of the existing studies are about the analysis of teaching content, problem-solving strategies, college entrance examination and other research on the cognitive level of students, but there is very little analysis of the specific causes of cognitive errors in the coordinate system of students' learning and parameter equations. There are few teaching strategies and programs for students with learning difficulties. In view of the above situation, this study analyzes and studies the cognitive errors of students in learning coordinate system and parametric equation, and on this basis, carries out the corresponding teaching countermeasures. This study mainly uses qualitative analysis method to analyze the learning cognition of middle school students in questionnaire survey and coordinate system and parameter equation knowledge test. The research confirms the following types of cognitive errors that students can easily produce in the learning process of coordinate system and parametric equation: the difficulty of understanding the concepts of polar coordinate system and parametric equation, the difficulty of understanding the formula, the inadequate conversion of three kinds of equations, the difficulty of understanding the polar coordinate system and parametric equation. The analysis of the range of variables is lacking, and the comprehensive application ability of each equation is not strong. In view of the cognitive errors easily produced by the above-mentioned students in their study, the following teaching strategies are adopted to correct the students' corresponding cognitive errors: carefully designing the guided case to promote the students' cognition of concepts and formulas; To strengthen students' understanding of the essence of equation transformation; to cultivate students' ability to think about problems in an all-round way; to strengthen the training of comprehensive skills and the application of knowledge; and to cultivate the ability of reflection. It is believed that this study has positive practical significance for improving the learning ability of coordinate system and parametric equation of senior high school students.
【學位授予單位】：貴州師范大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：G633.6

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