本文選題：生物實(shí)驗(yàn)指導(dǎo) + 有效性��； 參考：《天津師范大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：高中生物實(shí)驗(yàn)是生物教學(xué)的重要組成部分,是培養(yǎng)學(xué)生科學(xué)實(shí)驗(yàn)技能、深化知識(shí)和培養(yǎng)科學(xué)精神的途徑。新課程理念強(qiáng)調(diào)學(xué)生對(duì)知識(shí)的主動(dòng)意義建構(gòu),教師只有從學(xué)生的經(jīng)驗(yàn)出發(fā)指導(dǎo)學(xué)生進(jìn)行生物實(shí)驗(yàn),才能有效的達(dá)成實(shí)驗(yàn)?zāi)繕?biāo)。生物實(shí)驗(yàn)教學(xué)在實(shí)際教學(xué)中的受重視程度與其實(shí)施情況并不理想,生物實(shí)驗(yàn)教學(xué)存在“兩低”現(xiàn)象：實(shí)驗(yàn)開(kāi)設(shè)率低,實(shí)驗(yàn)效率低。為提高生物實(shí)驗(yàn)的有效性首要的是提高教師實(shí)驗(yàn)指導(dǎo)的有效性。 論文選取天津中學(xué)高中二年級(jí)學(xué)生為研究對(duì)象,采用問(wèn)卷法和訪(fǎng)談法調(diào)研該年級(jí)的實(shí)驗(yàn)教學(xué)狀況。利用數(shù)據(jù)統(tǒng)計(jì)的方法分析調(diào)研結(jié)果,發(fā)現(xiàn)師生對(duì)實(shí)驗(yàn)預(yù)習(xí)效果的滿(mǎn)意度皆不高,學(xué)生需求多樣化的現(xiàn)代教學(xué)輔助手段,現(xiàn)行的實(shí)驗(yàn)評(píng)價(jià)多以教師評(píng)價(jià)為主,評(píng)價(jià)方式較單一等問(wèn)題。筆者在所教班級(jí)嘗試對(duì)比使用多種評(píng)價(jià)方式,通過(guò)觀察和學(xué)生訪(fǎng)談得出學(xué)生自評(píng)和互評(píng)的評(píng)價(jià)方式效果較好。分析教學(xué)個(gè)案,尋找提高生物教學(xué)指導(dǎo)的辦法并得出結(jié)論：利用實(shí)驗(yàn)報(bào)告和微課視頻指導(dǎo)學(xué)生實(shí)驗(yàn)預(yù)習(xí)能提高學(xué)生預(yù)習(xí)的有效性。教師適時(shí)、適量、選擇合適的多媒體對(duì)實(shí)驗(yàn)教學(xué)指導(dǎo)有輔助作用,微課視頻和多媒體課件是兩種較好的載體。啟發(fā)指導(dǎo),培養(yǎng)學(xué)生良好的實(shí)驗(yàn)操作習(xí)慣。采取多元評(píng)價(jià),指導(dǎo)學(xué)生自評(píng)和互評(píng)。為便于論文結(jié)論中的一些方法應(yīng)用到具體的生物實(shí)驗(yàn)課堂中,提出建議。
[Abstract]:Biological experiment in senior high school is an important part of biology teaching. It is a way to cultivate students' scientific experimental skills, deepen knowledge and cultivate scientific spirit. The concept of new curriculum emphasizes the construction of students' active meaning to knowledge. Only when teachers guide students to carry out biological experiments from students' experience, can they achieve the experimental goal effectively. The degree of attention and the implementation of biological experiment teaching in practical teaching are not ideal. The phenomenon of "two low" exists in biology experiment teaching: the experiment opening rate is low and the experiment efficiency is low. In order to improve the effectiveness of biological experiments, the most important thing is to improve the effectiveness of teachers' experimental guidance. In this paper, the second grade students of Tianjin Middle School are selected as the research objects, and the questionnaire and interview methods are used to investigate the experimental teaching situation of the grade. Using the method of data statistics to analyze the results of investigation, it is found that the satisfaction of teachers and students to the experimental preview effect is not high, the students' needs are diversified modern teaching aids, and the current experimental evaluation is mostly teachers' evaluation. The evaluation method is relatively simple and so on. The author tries to use a variety of evaluation methods in the teaching classes, and through observation and student interviews, it is concluded that the evaluation methods of self-evaluation and mutual evaluation are better. This paper analyzes the teaching cases, finds out the ways to improve the guidance of biology teaching, and draws a conclusion: using the experimental report and the video of the micro-course to guide the students' experimental preview can improve the effectiveness of the students' preview. Teachers in good time and right amount choose appropriate multimedia to guide experimental teaching. Microcourse video and multimedia courseware are two better carriers. Enlighten and guide, cultivate students good experimental operation habits. Take multiple evaluation to guide students to self-evaluation and mutual evaluation. In order to facilitate the application of some methods in the conclusion of the paper to the specific biology experiment classroom, some suggestions are put forward.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：天津師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：G633.91

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