【摘要】：葛蘭西(A.Gramsci)主張統(tǒng)治階級(jí)支配被統(tǒng)治階級(jí)并非只憑靠政治與經(jīng)濟(jì)的優(yōu)勢(shì),更需要取得知識(shí)與道德的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)權(quán),有機(jī)知識(shí)分子將他們的價(jià)值觀轉(zhuǎn)化為社會(huì)主流文化,以使被統(tǒng)治者心悅誠(chéng)服地接受領(lǐng)導(dǎo)。此種文化霸權(quán)理論揭露文化的政治功能,進(jìn)而在文化研究領(lǐng)域中形成葛蘭西學(xué)派,諸如霍爾(S.Hall)建立的CCCS之抗拒理論以及歐歌布(J.Ogbu)的天花板理論等。這些論點(diǎn)共同陳述勞工階級(jí)青少年藉由抗拒行為以維護(hù)自身的階級(jí)認(rèn)同、生存意義與發(fā)展空間。雖然,此種取向提供文化研究的一種獨(dú)特視角,并逐漸成為新的研究范式。然而,其結(jié)構(gòu)取向存在預(yù)設(shè)立場(chǎng)的缺失。社會(huì)階級(jí)結(jié)構(gòu)在當(dāng)前社會(huì)日益復(fù)雜,階級(jí)界線日趨模糊,消費(fèi)文化更強(qiáng)化此種模糊性,因而階級(jí)取向的抗拒理論難以契合動(dòng)態(tài)發(fā)展的社會(huì)結(jié)構(gòu),至少被消費(fèi)文化大幅遮蔽。再者,也忽視正向功能的探索,報(bào)酬體系是社會(huì)進(jìn)步所需的價(jià)值觀,若未能結(jié)合此種社會(huì)脈動(dòng),將陷落于結(jié)構(gòu)化沖突的意識(shí)形態(tài)枷鎖中,致使停留于解讀抗拒與社會(huì)結(jié)構(gòu)的關(guān)聯(lián)性,這無(wú)助于勞工階級(jí)青少年透過(guò)教育途徑向上流動(dòng),致使陷落于結(jié)構(gòu)再生產(chǎn)的階級(jí)宿命。
[Abstract]:A. Gramsci argues that the ruling class not only depends on political and economic advantages, but also needs to acquire the leadership of knowledge and morality. The organic intellectuals transform their values into the mainstream culture of society. In order to make the governed accept leadership with sincerity. This theory of cultural hegemony exposes the political function of culture, and then forms the Gramsci school in the field of cultural research, such as the resistance theory of CCCS established by S. Hall and the ceiling theory of J. Ogbu. Together, these arguments state that working class adolescents defend their class identity, meaning of existence and space for development by resisting behavior. Although this orientation provides a unique perspective for cultural research, it gradually becomes a new paradigm of research. However, there is a lack of presupposition in its structural orientation. The social class structure is becoming more and more complex in the current society, the class boundary is becoming increasingly blurred, and the consumption culture strengthens the fuzziness, so the resistance theory of class orientation is difficult to fit in with the dynamic development of the social structure, and at least is largely obscured by the consumption culture. Furthermore, the exploration of positive function is ignored, and the reward system is the necessary value for social progress. If this kind of social pulsation is not combined, it will fall into the ideological shackles of structural conflict. It does not help the working-class youth to flow upward through the educational channels, resulting in the fall of the class predestined to the reproduction of the structure.
【作者單位】： 鄭州大學(xué)教育學(xué)院全球化與教育政策研究中心;
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：G40-05

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