本文選題：全地面起重機 + 超起增強高聳臂架�。� 參考：《太原科技大學》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：全地面起重機在風電吊裝領域扮演著重要角色,憑借其可以快速轉移、長距離行駛又能滿足在惡劣場地作業(yè)的特點,迅速占領了市場。各起重機廠家考慮到風電吊裝過程的起升高度、載荷以及橫向尺寸都比較大,對全地面起重機風電吊裝采用專用臂架結構型式,即在原有的起重機臂架頭部加裝風電吊裝專用臂架,以此來解決起重機臂架與風電設備之間的吊裝干涉問題。本文針對全地面起重機風電吊裝專用臂架結構不利的受力狀況以及作業(yè)環(huán)境風載荷等因素的影響,對風電吊裝專用臂架結構進行分析設計,得到其結構的設計參數(shù)。通過建立風電吊裝全地面起重機高聳臂架的整體有限元模型,結合吊裝過程中的實際載荷情況,研究臂架結構的靜力學和非線性性能及其模態(tài)情況,并在此基礎上對臂架橫截面尺寸與型鋼選型優(yōu)化設計,這對提高風電作業(yè)起重機的安全性能十分重要。本文主要研究內容如下:(1)風電吊裝全地面起重機臂架作為風電吊裝過程中的主要承載結構,對其進行合理設計是非常必要的。根據(jù)風電吊裝的總體要求與相關起重機設計規(guī)范,結合起重機作業(yè)過程中風電吊裝專用臂架的實際受力情況,提出關于風電吊裝專用臂架的研究方案,對其進行構造設計,以便于完成后續(xù)風電吊裝臂架整體結構的有限元建模。(2)起重機臂架屬于底部鉸軸支撐、臂架通過變幅油缸改變作業(yè)半徑、主臂頭部被超起拉板牽引的高聳細長組合結構,因此需要對臂架結構做精準力學分析設計,以提高風電吊裝作業(yè)的可靠性。本文通過風電吊裝臂架結構的建模及力學分析,得出臂架靜力學應力、應變云圖,幾何非線性分析云圖以及線性動力學的模態(tài)振型圖等,關注最大應力和位移發(fā)生的位置、顧及模態(tài)分析結果是避免吊裝時結構發(fā)生失效和共振的基礎,通過改進設計、使臂架結構更加安全合理。(3)依據(jù)上述臂架結構每一步的有限元分析結果,采用有限元軟件的優(yōu)化模塊對臂架結構的截面尺寸和標準型鋼選型進行優(yōu)化。在參數(shù)化建模的基礎上,按照起重機設計規(guī)范定義設計準則形成約束條件,并制定優(yōu)化模型和優(yōu)化方法進行專用臂架優(yōu)化設計。經(jīng)過反復的優(yōu)化過程,和對風電吊裝臂架結構優(yōu)化前后的數(shù)據(jù)對比分析,判別每次優(yōu)化設計的合理性,當工程滿意度達成時終止參數(shù)優(yōu)化,并輸出優(yōu)化方案。優(yōu)化設計有利于減去臂架結構的多余質量,對降低起重機制造成本和提高風電吊裝安全性具有重要工程意義。
[Abstract]:The whole ground crane plays an important role in the field of wind power hoisting. With its quick transfer and long distance driving, it can satisfy the characteristics of bad site operation, so it quickly occupies the market. Considering that the lifting height, load and transverse dimension of the wind power hoisting process are relatively large, all cranes adopt the special bobbin structure for the wind-power hoisting of all-ground cranes. In order to solve the problem of hoisting interference between crane jib and wind power equipment, a special wind power hoisting arm is installed on the head of the original crane jib in order to solve the problem of hoisting interference between crane jib and wind power equipment. Aiming at the unfavorable force condition of the special boom structure of the whole ground crane and the influence of the wind load in the working environment, this paper analyzes and designs the special boom structure for the wind power hoisting, and obtains the design parameters of the structure. Through the establishment of the integral finite element model of the high rise boom of the whole ground crane for wind power hoisting, combined with the actual load during the hoisting, the static and nonlinear properties and modal conditions of the boom structure are studied. On the basis of this, it is very important to improve the safety performance of wind-working crane by optimizing the cross section size of boom and the selection of section steel. The main contents of this paper are as follows: (1) as the main bearing structure of wind power hoisting crane, it is necessary to design it reasonably. According to the general requirements of wind power hoisting and relevant crane design specifications, combined with the actual force situation of the special boom of wind power hoisting during the operation of crane, this paper puts forward the research scheme about the special boom for wind power hoisting, and designs its structure. In order to complete the finite element modeling of the whole structure of the following wind power hoisting boom, the crane jib belongs to the bottom hinge shaft support, the jib changes the working radius through the variable amplitude oil cylinder, and the main arm head is towered and slender composite structure, which is drawn by the overloaded lifting plate. In order to improve the reliability of wind power hoisting operation, it is necessary to make precise mechanical analysis and design of boom structure. In this paper, the static stress, strain cloud diagram, geometric nonlinear analysis cloud diagram and modal mode diagram of linear dynamics are obtained by modeling and mechanical analysis of the boom structure of wind power hoisting, and the position of maximum stress and displacement is concerned. Considering the results of modal analysis is the basis to avoid structural failure and resonance when hoisting, by improving the design, the boom structure can be made more safe and reasonable. (3) based on the results of finite element analysis of each step of the above boom structure, The optimization module of finite element software is used to optimize the section size and standard steel type selection of boom structure. On the basis of parameterized modeling, the constraint conditions are formed according to the design criteria defined in the crane design specification, and the optimization model and optimization method are developed to optimize the design of the special boom. After repeated optimization process and data analysis before and after optimization of wind power hoisting boom structure, the rationality of each optimization design is judged, and the optimization parameters are terminated when the engineering satisfaction is reached, and the optimization scheme is outputted. The optimal design is helpful to subtract the excess quality of the boom structure, which is of great engineering significance to reduce the manufacturing cost of the crane and improve the safety of wind power hoisting.
【學位授予單位】：太原科技大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TH218

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