【摘要】：在經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展過程中,政府政策起著宏觀調(diào)控作用,一定程度上決定著市場經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展的狀況,尤其是中小企業(yè)的發(fā)展更離不開當(dāng)?shù)卣恼咧敢椭С�。中小企業(yè)在市場經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展中具有獨(dú)特的作用,但近年來隨著市場競爭的日趨激烈,中小企業(yè)的地位逐漸降低,存在的不足越來越明顯。上海中小企業(yè)的整體狀況也大致如此。本文運(yùn)用公共政策理論,采用案例分析、比較研究等方法對上海市區(qū)政府支持中小企業(yè)發(fā)展政策的指定與實(shí)施問題進(jìn)行了分析與探討。本文認(rèn)為,上海市區(qū)二級政府在財政、稅收、金融等方面制定的扶持中小企業(yè)發(fā)展政策實(shí)施后取得了一定積極效果,但在政策實(shí)施過程中也存在著明顯的不足:政策未完全落到實(shí)處、相關(guān)政策未能形成合力、享受政策過程繁瑣。造成上述問題的原因主要有:政府現(xiàn)有的經(jīng)濟(jì)扶持政策與現(xiàn)實(shí)需求不完全匹配、基層政府政策執(zhí)行力不強(qiáng)、缺乏嚴(yán)格的政策執(zhí)行績效考核制度。日本地方政府為推動中小企業(yè)發(fā)展,制定實(shí)施了一系列行之有效的政策,其中值得上海借鑒的經(jīng)驗有:政策制定合理、建立有執(zhí)行政策的完整組織體系、政策執(zhí)行者各方面素質(zhì)水平較高、有嚴(yán)格的政策實(shí)施績效考核制度。有鑒于此,要完善上海市區(qū)政府推進(jìn)中小企業(yè)發(fā)展經(jīng)濟(jì)政策的指定與實(shí)施工作,應(yīng)考慮采取如下措施:首先,應(yīng)形成完善的政策體系。為此,要制訂相關(guān)政策的實(shí)施細(xì)則,要努力消除政策之間的壁壘。其次,要著力提升政策的合理性與有效性。為此,應(yīng)分類實(shí)施政府支持政策,資金扶持政策和基礎(chǔ)服務(wù)政策應(yīng)雙管齊下。再次,應(yīng)完善政策執(zhí)行的組織體系。為此,要調(diào)整充實(shí)扶持中小企業(yè)發(fā)展的政策執(zhí)行部門,充分發(fā)揮中小企業(yè)行業(yè)協(xié)會的獨(dú)特作用。最后,應(yīng)切實(shí)提高政府部門工作人員的政策服務(wù)意識和政策執(zhí)行能力。為此,政府職能部門應(yīng)牢固樹立服務(wù)理念,根據(jù)中小企業(yè)的行業(yè)特點(diǎn)提供積極的政策服務(wù),加強(qiáng)政策體系信息化建設(shè),實(shí)施嚴(yán)格的履職考核制度。
[Abstract]:In the process of economic development, government policies play a macro-control role, to a certain extent determine the development of the market economy, especially the development of small and medium-sized enterprises can not be separated from the local government policy guidance and support. Small and medium-sized enterprises play a unique role in the development of market economy, but in recent years, with the increasingly fierce market competition, the status of small and medium-sized enterprises is gradually reduced, and the shortcomings are becoming more and more obvious. The overall situation of small and medium-sized enterprises in Shanghai is similar. Based on the theory of public policy, case study and comparative study, this paper analyzes and discusses the designation and implementation of the policy of supporting the development of small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) by Shanghai urban government. This paper holds that the secondary government of Shanghai urban area has achieved some positive results after the implementation of the policies to support the development of small and medium-sized enterprises in the areas of finance, taxation, finance, etc. However, there are obvious deficiencies in the process of policy implementation: the policy has not been fully implemented, the related policies have failed to form a joint force, and the process of enjoying the policy is cumbersome. The main reasons for the above problems are as follows: the existing economic support policy of the government does not fully match with the actual demand, the executive power of the grass-roots government policy is not strong, and the performance appraisal system of the policy implementation is not strict. In order to promote the development of small and medium-sized enterprises, Japanese local governments have formulated and implemented a series of effective policies. The quality of policy executors is high, and there is a strict policy performance appraisal system. In view of this, we should take the following measures to perfect the designation and implementation of the small and medium-sized enterprise development policy of Shanghai district government: first, we should form a perfect policy system. To this end, to formulate the implementation of relevant policies, efforts to eliminate barriers between policies. Secondly, efforts should be made to enhance the rationality and effectiveness of the policy. Therefore, the government support policy should be classified and the fund support policy and the basic service policy should be combined. Third, we should perfect the organizational system of policy implementation. Therefore, it is necessary to adjust and strengthen the policy enforcement departments that support the development of small and medium-sized enterprises and give full play to the unique role of the small and medium-sized enterprises' trade associations. Finally, we should improve the policy service consciousness and policy execution ability of government staff. Therefore, the government functional departments should firmly establish the service concept, provide active policy services according to the characteristics of the small and medium-sized enterprises, strengthen the information construction of the policy system, and implement strict performance assessment system.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：上海師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類號】：D630;F276.3

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