本文選題：農(nóng)村低保 + 社會救助�。� 參考：《大連理工大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：改革開放以來,國民經(jīng)濟飛速發(fā)展,居民生活質(zhì)量日漸得到改善,社會財富分配不均帶來的貧富差距也呈現(xiàn)出不斷擴張的態(tài)勢。我國農(nóng)村人口比重遠高于城市人口,穩(wěn)妥解決農(nóng)村貧困群體的基本生活,對社會發(fā)展意義重大。農(nóng)村最低生活保障制度(簡稱農(nóng)村低保)是我國現(xiàn)行的社會保障體系中不可或缺的組成部分,宗旨是解決農(nóng)村貧困居民的基本生存問題�，F(xiàn)行的農(nóng)村低保制度是以農(nóng)村居民最低生活標準為標準線,對家庭收入的人均值低于這一標準的困難人口進行補差救助。2007年《關(guān)于在全國建立農(nóng)村最低生活保障制度的通知》的頒布,使得低保制度惠及的群眾逐漸增多,低保標準與國民經(jīng)濟發(fā)展保持著同步增長。農(nóng)村低保制度在維持農(nóng)村生活窘困群眾的基本生活、促進社會公平和維護社會安定方面發(fā)揮著不可忽視的功用。近幾年隨著生活水平的提高,大眾的視線逐漸集中在各種社會熱點上,做為保障農(nóng)村弱勢群體的低保政策越來越受到關(guān)注�，F(xiàn)階段,專家學(xué)者對于低保問題的研究大多集中于低保政策的必要性和可行性,也有部分學(xué)者將目光集中于低保政策實施過程中存在的問題。但這些研究大多從政策層面著手,缺乏實際調(diào)研的基礎(chǔ),觀點比較籠統(tǒng)缺乏說服力。本文整體分為五大部分。第一部分導(dǎo)論,簡要介紹了農(nóng)村低保研究的背景和研究意義、國內(nèi)外文獻研究情況等。第二部分是農(nóng)村低保政策執(zhí)行現(xiàn)狀。從低保標準、低保覆蓋面等六個方面具體分析莊河市農(nóng)村低保實施現(xiàn)狀。第三部分是莊河市農(nóng)村低保政策實施的過程中發(fā)現(xiàn)的問題以及對產(chǎn)生問題的原因分析。主要分析了產(chǎn)生問題的原因,分別從政策法規(guī)、低保標準、低保對象核定、低保覆蓋面、低保管理機制以及基層工作力量六個方面進行著重分析。第四部分為方案論證。通過了解日德國、英國等發(fā)達國家建立的社會救助制度,分析得出建立社會救助制度的先進經(jīng)驗,于此同時參考城市低保成功推廣的經(jīng)驗,提出具體改善農(nóng)村低保政策的實施方案并且論證方案的可行性。第五部分,在低保政策實施產(chǎn)生的問題及原因分析基礎(chǔ)上,提出進一步改進莊河市農(nóng)村低保工作的建議。在考慮到莊河市農(nóng)村實際情況基礎(chǔ)上提出加強低保制度規(guī)范化建設(shè)、建立有效低保監(jiān)督機制、加強農(nóng)村低保制度法律建設(shè)、豐富農(nóng)村低保保障方式、強化與其他制度銜接等方面改進莊河市農(nóng)村低保工作。
[Abstract]:Since the reform and opening up, the national economy has developed rapidly, the quality of life of the residents has been improved day by day, and the gap between the rich and the poor caused by the uneven distribution of social wealth has also shown a trend of continuous expansion. The proportion of rural population is much higher than that of urban population. It is of great significance to solve the basic life of rural poor groups. The rural minimum living security system is an indispensable part of the current social security system of our country. The purpose is to solve the basic survival problem of the rural poor residents. The current rural minimum living standard system is based on the minimum living standard of rural residents. The promulgation of the "notice on establishing a minimum living Security system in Rural areas" in 2007 has gradually increased the number of people benefiting from the minimum living security system. Minimum living standards and the development of the national economy to keep pace with growth. The rural minimum security system plays an important role in maintaining the basic life of the poor people in rural areas, promoting social equity and maintaining social stability. In recent years, with the improvement of living standards, the attention of the public is gradually concentrated on various social hot spots, as a guarantee of the rural vulnerable groups, the policy of minimum security has been paid more and more attention. At present, experts and scholars mostly focus on the necessity and feasibility of the minimum living allowance policy, and some scholars focus on the problems existing in the implementation process of the minimum living allowance policy. However, most of these studies start from the policy level, lack the basis of practical research, and their views are rather general and lack of persuasion. This paper is divided into five parts as a whole. The first part is introduction, briefly introduces the background and significance of the rural minimum living standard research, the domestic and foreign literature research situation and so on. The second part is the implementation status of rural minimum security policy. This paper analyzes the implementation status of rural minimum living standard in Zhuanghe city from six aspects, such as minimum living standard and coverage. The third part is the analysis of the problems found in the implementation of the rural minimum security policy in Zhuanghe City. This paper mainly analyzes the causes of the problems, focusing on the six aspects of policies and regulations, standards of minimum living standards, verification of minimum living standards, coverage of minimum living standards, management mechanism of minimum living standards and working forces at the grass-roots level. The fourth part is the scheme demonstration. Through understanding the social assistance system established by Japan, Germany, Britain and other developed countries, this paper analyzes the advanced experience in establishing the social assistance system, and at the same time refers to the experience of successful promotion of the urban minimum living standard. Put forward the implementation plan of improving the rural minimum security policy and prove the feasibility of the scheme. In the fifth part, on the basis of the analysis of the problems and causes of the implementation of the minimum security policy, some suggestions are put forward to further improve the rural minimum living standard in Zhuanghe city. On the basis of considering the actual situation in the rural areas of Zhuanghe City, it is proposed to strengthen the standardized construction of the minimum living allowance system, to establish an effective supervision mechanism for the minimum living standard, to strengthen the legal construction of the rural minimum living allowance system, and to enrich the rural minimum living guarantee system. Strengthen the link with other systems and other aspects of improving Zhuanghe rural minimum security work.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：大連理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：D632.1

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本文編號：1798240