本文關鍵詞： 迤那鎮(zhèn) 農民 生計方式 變遷　出處：《貴州民族大學》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學位論文

【摘要】：隨著改革開放、扶貧開發(fā)、建設社會主義新農村等政策的實施,城鎮(zhèn)化進程的加快以及“打工經濟”的出現(xiàn),民族地區(qū)農村發(fā)生了翻天覆地的變化,農民的生計方式也發(fā)生了前所未有的變化。在農村經濟社會轉型期、全面建成小康社會關鍵期,探索、創(chuàng)新民族地區(qū)農民生計方式變遷,關系著能否攻克貧困難題,關系著能否奮力實現(xiàn)后發(fā)趕超,關系著能否最終全面建成小康社會,對于解決新時期“三農”問題和做好現(xiàn)階段民族工作具有重大而深遠的意義。本文以威寧彝族回族苗族自治縣迤那鎮(zhèn)作為田野調查點,運用文獻研究法、實地調查法、跨學科研究法、圖表分析法等研究方法,秉持馬克思主義民族理論與民族政策為指導,深入探討了迤那鎮(zhèn)農民生計方式變遷。迤那鎮(zhèn)農民生計方式變遷沿著從“計劃經濟”到“社會主義市場經濟”、從“生理需求”到“尊重需求”、從“滿足生存”到“追求財富”演進,經歷了以農業(yè)為主、畜牧業(yè)為輔的傳統(tǒng)生計方式,到以農牧業(yè)為主、兼林業(yè)、副業(yè)及外出務工的現(xiàn)代生計方式,再到以農業(yè)為主、牧林業(yè)為輔,兼外出務工及多種副業(yè)于一體的多元生計方式的過程。由于社會經濟的發(fā)展、國家政策的扶持、民族文化的接觸、科學技術的應用和農民自身的發(fā)展等內外因素的共同作用導致了迤那鎮(zhèn)農民生計方式由單一到多元、由同質性到異質性的轉變,呈現(xiàn)出多樣化的趨勢,具有條件性和計劃性的特點。農民生計方式變遷與社會主義制度的確立和市場經濟體制的建立密切相關。從迤那鎮(zhèn)農民生計方式變遷的過程來看,生計方式變遷與社會變遷、文化變遷緊密相關,生計方式變遷和生計方式之間存在著辯證關系。迤那鎮(zhèn)農民生計方式的多元發(fā)展,得益于人與自然的唇齒相依、國家政策和政府部門的幫助扶持、民族和傳統(tǒng)文化的力量支持。目前,迤那鎮(zhèn)農民生計方式變遷實現(xiàn)了現(xiàn)代與傳統(tǒng)的良性互動、共存互補,但尚未實現(xiàn)良性可持續(xù)生計發(fā)展,仍存在問題和困惑。在經濟新常態(tài)下,迤那鎮(zhèn)農民生計方式變遷將面臨新的機遇和挑戰(zhàn)。因此,研究迤那鎮(zhèn)農民生計方式變遷和探索少數(shù)民族良性可持續(xù)發(fā)展生計道路,需要從實際出發(fā),以中國共產黨的民族政策為指導,從民族理論、民族政策和農民生計方式三個層面提出建構性思考。在未來,迤那鎮(zhèn)農民生計方式變遷將伴隨著各民族的共同團結奮斗、共同繁榮發(fā)展邁向新的發(fā)展階段,將在各民族的交往交流交融中實現(xiàn)良性可持續(xù)發(fā)展。而迤那鎮(zhèn)各民族也將在“平等、團結、互助、和諧”的新型民族關系中實現(xiàn)共同繁榮發(fā)展,在全面建成小康和中華民族偉大復興的征程中實現(xiàn)華麗轉身。
[Abstract]:With the implementation of policies such as reform and opening up, poverty alleviation and development, construction of new socialist countryside, the acceleration of urbanization and the emergence of "working economy", the rural areas of ethnic minority areas have undergone earth-shaking changes. In the transition period of rural economy and society, the key period of building a well-off society in an all-round way, exploring and innovating the changes of farmers' livelihood mode in minority areas. It is related to whether to overcome the difficult problem of poverty, whether to strive to achieve catch-up and overtake, and whether to build a well-off society in an all-round way. It is of great and far-reaching significance to solve the "three rural" problems in the new period and to do a good job in the national work at this stage. This paper takes the town of Weining Yi Hui Miao Autonomous County as the field investigation point, and applies the literature research method. Field investigation, interdisciplinary research, chart analysis and other research methods, guided by Marxist national theory and national policy. This paper probes into the changes of farmers' livelihood mode in Yunna Town, which goes from "planned economy" to "socialist market economy", from "physiological demand" to "respecting demand". The evolution from "satisfying survival" to "pursuing wealth" has gone through the traditional livelihood mode of agriculture and animal husbandry, to the modern livelihood of agriculture and animal husbandry, forestry, sideline and migrant workers. Then to agriculture, animal husbandry and forestry as a supplement, and migrant workers and a variety of sideline in one of the multiple livelihood process. Due to the development of social and economic, the support of national policies, the contact of national culture. The application of science and technology and the development of farmers and other internal and external factors lead to the transformation of farmers' livelihood mode from single to pluralistic, from homogeneity to heterogeneity, showing a trend of diversification. The change of farmers' livelihood mode is closely related to the establishment of socialist system and the establishment of market economy system. The change of livelihood mode is closely related to social and cultural changes, and there is a dialectical relationship between the change of livelihood mode and the way of livelihood. The pluralistic development of farmers' livelihood mode in Yona town benefits from the mutual dependence of man and nature. With the help of national policies and government departments, the support of national and traditional culture. At present, the transformation of farmers' livelihood mode in Yancheng has realized the positive interaction between modern and traditional, coexistence and complementarity. However, there are still problems and puzzles in the development of sustainable livelihood. Under the new normal state of economy, the transformation of farmers' livelihood mode in Yona Town will face new opportunities and challenges. To study the vicissitude of farmers' livelihood mode and explore the way of sustainable development of ethnic minorities, we need to proceed from the reality, guided by the national policy of the Communist Party of China, and from the national theory. In the future, the vicissitude of farmers' livelihood mode in Yonan Town will be accompanied by the common unity and struggle of all nationalities and common prosperity and development to a new stage of development. We will achieve sound and sustainable development through exchanges and exchanges among all ethnic groups, and all ethnic groups in the town will also achieve common prosperity and development in the new type of ethnic relations of "equality, unity, mutual assistance and harmony." In the overall building of a well-off and the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation in the journey to achieve magnificent turnaround.
【學位授予單位】：貴州民族大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：D633

【相似文獻】

相關期刊論文 前6條

1 高志英;;傈僳族的跨界遷徙與生計方式變遷[J];中國農業(yè)大學學報(社會科學版);2010年03期

2 黃正宇;暨愛民;;國家權力與民族社會生計方式變遷——以湖南通道縣陽爛村侗族為例[J];原生態(tài)民族文化學刊;2010年02期

3 羅義群;;論多元生計方式與構建民族自治地方的和諧共生[J];西南民族大學學報(人文社會科學版);2012年01期

4 鄒s，

本文編號：1485671