本文選題：ERP + SAP�。� 參考：《山東大學》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：SAP是ERP(企業(yè)資源計劃)思想的倡導者和領導者,其主打產品SAP R/3系統(tǒng)是ERP系統(tǒng)的佼佼者。由于SAP R/3系統(tǒng)是一種通用型的標準化系統(tǒng),因此為了滿足不同企業(yè)、不同行業(yè)領域的要求,需要在其實施中對該標準系統(tǒng)進行配置和開發(fā)。重能是一家集能源投資、開發(fā)、生產、服務于一體的綜合性國有大型企業(yè)。經過幾年發(fā)展壯大,已成為重慶能源領域的支柱企業(yè)。但是目前重慶能源高速度、低質量；高投入、低回報；高負債、低收益的矛盾越來越突出,因此,轉型升級發(fā)展已勢在必行。為推動業(yè)務和管理的創(chuàng)新,滿足公司戰(zhàn)略轉型的要求,重慶能源啟動了信息化總體規(guī)劃項目。在此背景下,本論文以重能項目煤炭銷售業(yè)務為實例,以SAP R/3系統(tǒng)的銷售與分銷模塊為對象,對SAP R/3系統(tǒng)的實施過程進行詳述,為今后相關實施提供借鑒。本論文首先介紹了ERP思想的發(fā)展過程及SAP國內外發(fā)展狀況、SAP銷售與分銷模塊的基本功能,并以SAP實施方法論為主線,以項目范圍為主要工作范疇,對重能項目的煤炭銷售的現狀進行分析,包括其管控模式、組織結構及業(yè)務流程(主要包括主數據管理、合同管理、計劃管理、發(fā)運管理、質量管理、結算管理),并結合行業(yè)經驗進行需求分析,提出解決方案,確立了逐步取消自銷、實現集團對權屬企業(yè)運營式的管理模式,明確了各層級單位在集團煤炭統(tǒng)一營銷范疇中分別所處的位置以及各部門、單位的業(yè)務范圍。此外,對煤炭營銷業(yè)務流程進行了梳理,實現了集團對主數據、合同、計劃、發(fā)運、質量、結算的統(tǒng)一管理。在此之后,按照解決方案對標準系統(tǒng)進行參數配置、二次開發(fā)及接口開發(fā)。為檢查系統(tǒng)性能,實施過程中還進行了單元測試、集成測試,并根據測試結果完善了SAP R/3系統(tǒng)配置,最后制定上線方案,包括上線時間、主體步驟、上線范圍及上線切換過程中各單位/部門業(yè)務對策。最后,本論文還總結了實施過程中的困難因素及實施經驗。將信息化作為推動企業(yè)轉型升級的重要手段,通過SAP R/3系統(tǒng)實現了重慶能源集團信息管理的統(tǒng)一化平臺,加強了集團對各權屬企業(yè)內部管理,有效提高了訂單處理流程、發(fā)運流程、結算流程,有利于企業(yè)管理創(chuàng)新,提高管理效率,為“打造西部一流的能源生產與綜合服務型企業(yè)”奠定基礎。另外,各行業(yè)、各企業(yè)的特殊性限制了SAP的通用性,增加了項目實施難度�；诖�,本文借鑒先進經驗的基礎上,結合重慶能源投資集團實施案例,對銷售與分銷模塊的實施過程做了詳細介紹,以期為SAPR/3系統(tǒng)的實施提供借鑒。
[Abstract]:SAP is the advocate and leader of ERP (Enterprise Resource Planning). Its main product, SAP R / 3 system, is the leader of ERP system. Because the SAP R- 3 system is a universal standardization system, in order to meet the requirements of different enterprises and different industries, it is necessary to configure and develop the standard system in its implementation. Zhongneng is an energy investment, development, production, service in one of the state-owned large-scale enterprises. After several years of development and growth, Chongqing has become the pillar of the energy sector. But at present, the contradiction of high speed, low quality, high investment, low return, high debt and low income is more and more prominent in Chongqing, so it is imperative to transform and upgrade development. In order to promote the innovation of business and management and meet the requirements of strategic transformation of the company, Chongqing Energy launched the overall planning project of information technology. Under this background, this paper takes the coal sale business of the heavy energy project as an example, takes the SAP R / 3 system sales and distribution module as the object, carries on the detailed elaboration to the SAP R / 3 system implementation process, provides the reference for the related implementation in the future. This paper first introduces the development process of ERP idea and the basic functions of SAP sales and distribution module at home and abroad, and takes the methodology of SAP implementation as the main line and the scope of the project as the main work category. This paper analyzes the present situation of coal sales of heavy energy project, including its management mode, organization structure and business process (including master data management, contract management, plan management, shipping management, quality management, etc. The settlement management, combined with the experience of the industry, analyzed the demand, put forward the solution, and established the management mode of the management mode of the management of the property right enterprise, which was gradually eliminated from the self-selling and realized by the group. It clarifies the position of each level unit in the group coal unified marketing category and the business scope of each department and unit. In addition, the coal marketing business process has been combed to realize the unified management of the main data, contract, plan, shipping, quality and settlement of the group. After this, the standard system parameter configuration, secondary development and interface development according to the solution. In order to check the performance of the system, unit test and integration test are also carried out in the implementation process. According to the test results, the configuration of the SAP R / 3 system is improved, and finally, the on-line plan is formulated, including the online time and the main steps. Each unit / department business countermeasure in the up line scope and up line switching process. Finally, the paper summarizes the difficult factors and experience in the process of implementation. Taking informatization as an important means to promote the transformation and upgrading of enterprises, the unified platform of information management of Chongqing Energy Group is realized through SAP R / 3 system, which strengthens the internal management of various ownership enterprises, and effectively improves the order processing process. The shipping process and the settlement process are beneficial to the innovation of enterprise management and the improvement of management efficiency, thus laying the foundation for "building a first-class energy production and comprehensive service enterprise in the west". In addition, the particularity of each industry and enterprise limits the generality of SAP and increases the difficulty of project implementation. Based on this, based on the advanced experience and the case of Chongqing Energy Investment Group, this paper introduces the implementation process of sales and distribution module in detail, in order to provide reference for the implementation of SAPR/3 system.
【學位授予單位】：山東大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：TP311.52

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