本文關(guān)鍵詞： 平面布置 風(fēng)險(xiǎn)分析 優(yōu)化研究 理想解法　出處：《重慶交通大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文　論文類(lèi)型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：公路建設(shè)項(xiàng)目勢(shì)不可擋的發(fā)展態(tài)勢(shì)對(duì)國(guó)民經(jīng)濟(jì)的促進(jìn)和城市面貌的建設(shè)有著巨大的推動(dòng)作用,然而施工現(xiàn)場(chǎng)高頻率的安全事故卻嚴(yán)重威脅著人民的生命健康和財(cái)產(chǎn)安全,因此越來(lái)越多的研究學(xué)者開(kāi)始廣泛關(guān)注如何減輕和控制施工現(xiàn)場(chǎng)的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)因素,塑造安全水平更高的現(xiàn)場(chǎng)環(huán)境。大量的研究成果旨在從項(xiàng)目管理的宏觀角度出發(fā),以人的主觀因素和違規(guī)行為為切入點(diǎn),過(guò)分依賴(lài)專(zhuān)家意見(jiàn)和歷史數(shù)據(jù),造成研究?jī)?nèi)容缺乏現(xiàn)實(shí)性和實(shí)用性。本文嘗試站在公路施工平面布置這一微觀視角,分析現(xiàn)場(chǎng)平面設(shè)計(jì)過(guò)程中可能面臨風(fēng)險(xiǎn)因素,并利用科學(xué)的方法加以?xún)?yōu)化和改進(jìn),將安全管理問(wèn)題具體化,避免空泛化、理論化,增強(qiáng)施工管理的可操作性。通過(guò)歸納和整理前人的文獻(xiàn)資料,本文利用作業(yè)條件危險(xiǎn)性評(píng)價(jià)法(LEC)等科學(xué)手段完成風(fēng)險(xiǎn)指標(biāo)的初選、精選,最終構(gòu)建出具有普遍意義的公路施工平面布置風(fēng)險(xiǎn)評(píng)價(jià)指標(biāo)體系,雖然指標(biāo)體系的設(shè)置還略顯粗糙,但是嘗試著從新的分析視角著手。本文嘗試結(jié)合傳統(tǒng)的灰色關(guān)聯(lián)分析法和理想解法,各取其長(zhǎng),互為補(bǔ)充,應(yīng)用改進(jìn)的灰色關(guān)聯(lián)理想解法解決公路施工平面布置的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)分析問(wèn)題,引入灰色關(guān)聯(lián)相對(duì)貼近度作為核心風(fēng)險(xiǎn)要素的評(píng)判標(biāo)準(zhǔn),不僅充分論證了該模型在公路施工平面布置風(fēng)險(xiǎn)分析問(wèn)題上的有效性和優(yōu)越性,同時(shí)協(xié)助人們更有針對(duì)性地控制和處理重大風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。本文運(yùn)用遺傳算法優(yōu)化施工平面布置,并借助理想解法完成備選方案的篩選和評(píng)價(jià)工作,不但證明了GA算法在公路施工平面布置優(yōu)化研究上的優(yōu)勢(shì)性,同時(shí)針對(duì)備選方案的決策系統(tǒng)建立了更為完善的評(píng)價(jià)屬性。利用畢威高速公路平面布置的實(shí)際案例,本文不僅充分闡釋了上述研究方法的具體推導(dǎo)過(guò)程,而且系統(tǒng)分析了畢威高速公路平面布置中的核心風(fēng)險(xiǎn),完成風(fēng)險(xiǎn)影響力大小的排序,通過(guò)對(duì)原方案的優(yōu)化和改善,使得灰色關(guān)聯(lián)相對(duì)貼近度提高了6.95%,達(dá)到了預(yù)期的研究目的,獲得了較為滿(mǎn)意的研究效果。本文擴(kuò)展了公路施工平面布置風(fēng)險(xiǎn)分析與方案優(yōu)化方法,通過(guò)分析、優(yōu)化公路總平面設(shè)計(jì)方案,切實(shí)降低了公路作業(yè)的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)性,改善了施工現(xiàn)場(chǎng)的安全等級(jí),實(shí)現(xiàn)了本文的研究目的。
[Abstract]:The unstoppable development situation of highway construction project has great impetus to the promotion of national economy and the construction of city appearance. However, the high frequency of safety accidents on the construction site seriously threaten the life and health of the people and the safety of property. Therefore, more and more researchers begin to pay more and more attention to how to reduce and control the risk factors of construction site, and to create a higher safety environment. A large number of research results are aimed at the macro point of view of project management. Taking human subjective factors and illegal behaviors as the starting point and relying too much on expert opinions and historical data, the research content is lack of reality and practicability. This paper tries to stand on the microscopic perspective of highway construction layout. This paper analyzes the risk factors that may be faced in the process of field graphic design, and uses scientific methods to optimize and improve the safety management problems so as to avoid emptiness and theorization. Strengthening the maneuverability of construction management. By summarizing and sorting out the previous documents and materials, this paper makes use of scientific means such as risk assessment method of operating conditions to complete the primary selection and selection of risk indicators. Finally, a general risk evaluation index system of highway construction layout is constructed, although the setting of the index system is still slightly rough. But try to start from a new angle of view. This paper tries to combine the traditional grey relational analysis and ideal solution, each takes its advantages and complements each other. The improved grey correlation ideal solution is applied to solve the risk analysis problem of highway construction plane layout. The relative closeness degree of grey correlation is introduced as the evaluation standard of the core risk elements. This paper not only demonstrates the validity and superiority of the model in the risk analysis of highway construction layout, but also helps people to control and deal with the major risks more pertinently. In this paper, genetic algorithm is used to optimize the layout of construction plane. With the help of the ideal solution, the selection and evaluation of alternative schemes are completed, which not only proves the superiority of GA algorithm in the study of highway construction layout optimization, At the same time, a more perfect evaluation attribute is established for the decision-making system of the alternative scheme. Using the actual case of plane layout of Biwei Expressway, this paper not only fully explains the concrete derivation process of the above research methods. Moreover, the paper systematically analyzes the core risks in the plane layout of Biwei Expressway, completes the ranking of the influence of the risk, and through the optimization and improvement of the original scheme, the relative closeness degree of the grey correlation is improved by 6.95%, which achieves the expected research purpose. The method of risk analysis and scheme optimization of highway construction layout is extended in this paper. Through the analysis, the overall plan of highway design is optimized, and the risk of highway operation is reduced. The safety grade of the construction site is improved and the purpose of this paper is realized.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：重慶交通大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：U415.1

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相關(guān)期刊論文 前1條

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本文編號(hào)：1507652