【摘要】：目前，我國經濟不斷發(fā)展，物流行業(yè)也隨之飛速成長，作為物流行業(yè)重要組成部分的集裝箱運輸行業(yè)得到越來越多的重視。素有門到門運輸之稱的集裝箱中短途模式非常普遍，但運輸方式卻還不成熟，需要一種新型高效的轉運形式來提高運輸效率。這樣集裝箱自裝卸運輸車這一靈活快捷的運輸車輛漸漸被各大企業(yè)所重視，紛紛投入研發(fā)之中。本文就以研發(fā)初期關鍵步驟之一的工作裝置鉸點位置優(yōu)化設計為對象進行了相關研究。 首先，介紹了集裝箱自裝卸運輸車工作裝置的基本結構與工作原理。起重裝置有單側平行式、單側交叉式和雙側等形式，支撐裝置有交錯式一級伸縮支腿、交錯式二級伸縮支腿和大跨距支腿等形式。工況有自裝卸作業(yè)、堆垛作業(yè)和車對車作業(yè)等。在ADAMS環(huán)境中，建立常用工作裝置的動力學仿真參數(shù)化模型，重點介紹了建模中的重點和難點，即約束函數(shù)、運動函數(shù)和載荷函數(shù)的參數(shù)化建模等。完全參數(shù)化的模型可以完成試驗設計與優(yōu)化設計等工作，是后續(xù)工作的基礎。 其次，研究了工作裝置鉸點位置對工作性能的影響。這里的工作性能包括油缸載荷情況和工作幅度。以單側交叉式側面吊為例，，分別對上下臂總成進行分析，步驟相同。首先建立結構的數(shù)學模型，通過數(shù)學方程與鉸點之間幾何關系分析歸納出鉸點是如何影響相應的油缸載荷與工作幅度的。然后利用ADAMS中的參數(shù)化模型，對各鉸點進行設計研究與試驗設計，得到大量數(shù)據(jù)，對數(shù)據(jù)進行整理分析得到鉸點位置與工作性能之間的影響規(guī)律。最后將兩種方法的結果進行對比，總結出最終結論。 再次，以ADAMS中的參數(shù)化模型為基礎，運用ADAMS軟件提供的CommandLanguage二次開發(fā)語言，開發(fā)出集裝箱自裝卸運輸車工作裝置專用的鉸點優(yōu)化設計平臺。該平臺分為模型選擇模塊、條件輸入模塊、參數(shù)化模型確定與修改模塊、優(yōu)化設計模塊與結果輸出模塊五大模塊。開發(fā)過程包括運用菜單語法來編輯用戶菜單、定制用戶對話框以及各模塊的功能實現(xiàn)等內容。然后利用平臺對40t單側吊進行了鉸點優(yōu)化設計的工作，還仿真分析了機構的工作特性。優(yōu)化結果顯著，仿真分析結果、優(yōu)化過程和結果印證了前面內容的正確性與實用性。 最后，將全文內容進行了概括總結，并根據(jù)本文的成果與不足對未來相關工作進行了展望。
[Abstract]:At present, with the development of our economy, the logistics industry is growing rapidly. As an important part of the logistics industry, the container transport industry has been paid more and more attention. The short distance mode of container is very common, but the mode of transportation is not mature, so we need a new type of efficient transshipment to improve the transportation efficiency. So container self-loading and unloading vehicle, a flexible and fast transport vehicle, has been paid more and more attention by many enterprises and put into R & D one after another. In this paper, the optimization design of the hinge position of the working device, which is one of the key steps in the initial stage of R & D, is studied. Firstly, the basic structure and working principle of container self-loading and unloading vehicle are introduced. There are single side parallel type, single side cross type and double side type of lifting device. The support device has staggered first-stage telescopic leg, staggered two-stage telescopic leg and long span leg and so on. Working conditions are self-loading and unloading operations, stacking operations and car-to-car operations and so on. In the environment of ADAMS, the parameterized model of dynamic simulation of common working device is established, and the key and difficult points in modeling are introduced, such as the parameterized modeling of constraint function, motion function and load function, etc. The fully parameterized model can complete the experimental design and optimization design, which is the basis of the follow-up work. Secondly, the influence of the hinge position on the working performance is studied. The working performance here includes cylinder load and working range. Taking the single side cross side suspension as an example, the upper and lower arm assemblies are analyzed respectively, and the steps are the same. Firstly, the mathematical model of the structure is established, and through the analysis of the geometric relationship between the mathematical equation and the hinge point, it is concluded how the hinge point affects the corresponding cylinder load and working amplitude. Then, by using the parametric model in ADAMS, the design and experimental design of each hinge point is carried out, and a large number of data are obtained, and the influence law between the location of hinge point and the working performance is obtained by sorting out and analyzing the data. Finally, the results of the two methods are compared and the final conclusions are concluded. Thirdly, based on the parameterized model in ADAMS and the CommandLanguage secondary development language provided by ADAMS software, a special hinge optimization design platform for container self-loading and unloading vehicle working device is developed. The platform is divided into five modules: model selection module, conditional input module, parameterized model determination and modification module, optimization design module and result output module. The development process includes editing the user menu using menu syntax, customizing the user dialog box and realizing the function of each module. Then, the optimal design of hinge point of 40t single side crane is carried out by using the platform, and the working characteristics of the mechanism are also simulated and analyzed. The results of simulation analysis, optimization process and results confirm the correctness and practicability of the above contents. Finally, the full text is summarized, and the future work is prospected according to the achievements and shortcomings of this paper.
【學位授予單位】：吉林大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：U469.4

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