【摘要】：貧困問題是世界各國普遍面臨的問題。中國是世界上最大的發(fā)展中國家,消除貧困、實現(xiàn)共同富裕是我們的目標。中國政府從1978年改革開放以來,扶貧工作取得了巨大的成績,貧困率有了顯著下降,貧困人口的生活水平有了明顯改善。扶貧開發(fā)資金是扶貧工作發(fā)展的重要保障,財政扶貧資金是各級政府部門為了解決貧困地區(qū)的溫飽問題、改善貧困戶生產(chǎn)生活條件以及促進貧困地區(qū)社會經(jīng)濟發(fā)展等,每年為扶貧開發(fā)項目投入的大量資金。如何提高扶貧資金的利用效率、從根本上緩解貧困問題,是亟待解決的問題。隨著經(jīng)濟的發(fā)展,人們認識水平的不斷提高,在扶貧開發(fā)工作深入開展與扶貧資金投入不斷增加的過程中,對扶貧開發(fā)資金的關注點越來越從投入總數(shù)量傾向于對于扶貧資金利用效率的關注。怎樣科學合理的構建財政扶貧資金評價指標體系,進而更好的指導扶貧開發(fā)攻堅工作的順利實施更是重中之重。 燕山——太行山特困片區(qū)貧困縣淶源縣,作為國家級重點貧困縣,是我國貧困程度較深的縣域之一,農(nóng)村貧困狀況具有代表性。進入新時期以來,淶源縣的扶貧開發(fā)工作取得了一定成效,同時,也面臨著嚴峻的挑戰(zhàn)。為了提高財政扶貧資金的利用效率,提升其應用水平,更好的緩解、解決淶源縣的貧困問題,本文對淶源縣財政扶貧資金利用效率進行了實證研究。 在學習、借鑒國內(nèi)外相關問題研究的基礎之上,本文以財政扶貧資金相關理論與因子分析法基本原理為指導,利用2002-2012年淶源縣財政扶貧資金的數(shù)據(jù)資料,運用文獻研究法、因子分析法、對比分析法、實地調(diào)研法等方法,確定了：種植業(yè)投入資金、養(yǎng)殖業(yè)投入資金、科技及培訓項目投入資金、移民搬遷項目投入資金、地區(qū)生產(chǎn)總值、第一產(chǎn)業(yè)總產(chǎn)值、農(nóng)民人均純收入、一般預算收入等八項指標,并構建了評價指標體系,對指標客觀的賦予了權重。運用SPSS19.0軟件,分析了相關數(shù)據(jù),進而對淶源縣財政扶貧資金利用效率做以定量分析。文章在指標選取上具有一定的創(chuàng)新性,主要數(shù)據(jù)來源是河北省經(jīng)濟年鑒與淶源縣統(tǒng)計部門資料。 分析結論：從2002-2012年淶源縣財政扶貧資金利用效率是穩(wěn)步增長的。其中,2009-2012年財政扶貧資金利用效率高,具有比較優(yōu)勢,即在平均值之上,這是由于其產(chǎn)出較高；2002-2008年財政扶貧資金利用效率較低,相對于其它年份具有比較劣勢,這是由于投入因子與產(chǎn)出因子均不高。 基于以上分析提出了對策建議：第一,保障資金投入,確保產(chǎn)業(yè)經(jīng)營；第二,完善資金投向,綜合協(xié)調(diào)發(fā)展；第三,健全教育機制,組織相關培訓；第四,建立考核體系,進行專項評價。在扶貧開發(fā)工作開展的過程中,要利用評價結果指導后續(xù)工作的開展,使扶貧開發(fā)工作更有科學性及持續(xù)性。
[Abstract]:Poverty is a common problem all over the world. China is the largest developing country in the world. It is our goal to eradicate poverty and achieve common prosperity. Since the reform and opening up in 1978, the Chinese government has made great achievements in poverty alleviation, the poverty rate has decreased significantly, and the living standards of the poor have improved significantly. Poverty alleviation and development funds are an important guarantee for the development of poverty alleviation work. Financial poverty alleviation funds are used by government departments at all levels to solve the problem of food and clothing in poor areas, to improve the production and living conditions of poor households, and to promote social and economic development in poor areas, etc. A large amount of money is invested in poverty alleviation and development projects every year. How to improve the utilization efficiency of poverty alleviation funds and alleviate poverty fundamentally is an urgent problem to be solved. With the development of economy and the continuous improvement of people's understanding level, in the process of deepening the work of poverty alleviation and development and increasing the investment of poverty alleviation funds, The focus on poverty alleviation and development funds is more and more from the total amount of investment to the efficiency of poverty alleviation funds. How to scientifically and reasonably construct the evaluation index system of financial poverty alleviation funds, and then better guide the smooth implementation of poverty alleviation and development work is the most important. Laiyuan County, a poverty-stricken county in Taihang Mountain, is one of the counties with deep poverty in our country, and the poverty situation in rural areas is representative. Since entering the new period, Laiyuan County's poverty alleviation and development work has made some achievements, but also faces severe challenges. In order to improve the utilization efficiency of financial poverty alleviation funds, improve its application level, better alleviate the poverty problem of Laiyuan County, this paper carried out an empirical study on the efficiency of financial poverty alleviation funds utilization in Laiyuan County. On the basis of studying and drawing lessons from the research of related problems at home and abroad, this paper, guided by the theory of financial poverty alleviation fund and the basic principle of factor analysis, uses the data of financial poverty alleviation fund of Laiyuan County from 2002 to 2012, and applies the method of literature research. Factor analysis, comparative analysis, field research and other methods have been determined: planting investment, aquaculture investment, science and technology and training projects, resettlement projects, regional gross domestic product, etc. Eight indexes, such as the gross output value of the primary industry, the per capita net income of farmers and the general budget income, are established, and the evaluation index system is constructed, which gives the index objective weight. SPSS19.0 software is used to analyze the relevant data, and then to do quantitative analysis on the efficiency of financial poverty alleviation fund utilization in Laiyuan County. The paper has some innovation in the index selection, the main data source is Hebei province economic yearbook and Laiyuan county statistics department data. Analysis conclusion: from 2002-2012 Laiyuan County financial poverty-alleviation funds use efficiency is steadily increasing. Among them, financial poverty alleviation fund utilization efficiency is high in 2009-2012, it has comparative advantage, that is, above the average, this is due to its high output; From 2002 to 2008, the utilization efficiency of financial poverty alleviation funds is relatively low, which is relatively inferior to other years, which is due to the low input and output factors. Based on the above analysis, some countermeasures are put forward: first, to ensure the investment of funds, to ensure industrial management; second, to improve the investment of funds, and to develop in a comprehensive and coordinated manner; third, to improve the educational mechanism and organize relevant training; Fourth, establish appraisal system, carry on special evaluation. In the process of poverty alleviation and development, the evaluation results should be used to guide the development of the follow-up work so as to make the work of poverty alleviation and development more scientific and sustainable.
【學位授予單位】：河北農(nóng)業(yè)大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：F812.8;F323.8

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