本文選題：政府采購 + 招標(biāo)投標(biāo)��； 參考：《西北農(nóng)林科技大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文

【摘要】：在我國,政府的采購試點工作正式始于1996年,到目前也已經(jīng)出現(xiàn)了近二十個年頭。就在2003年,政府官方頒布實施了《中華人民共和國政府采購法》,這對于我國政府采購工作具有里程碑式的意義,因為它宣布著中國的政府內(nèi)采購工作進入了有法可依的制度化時代。隨著中國政府的采購制度的逐步推行,在市場和社會兩個層面的效益方面,取得了可喜的成績。雖然中國在推動政府采購健康發(fā)展方面做了大量的工作,然而仍然存在著一系列的問題和不足,監(jiān)督機制的缺乏又是其中的重中之重。為了進一步推動政府采購公開、公正、公平,提高政府采購?fù)该鞫?打造“陽光政府”,深化公共財政制度改革,研究政府采購監(jiān)督機制,對政府部門的采購法律及相關(guān)規(guī)定予以完善,確保政府采購活動控制在相關(guān)法律法規(guī)界定的范圍內(nèi),保障政府采購活動有序開展,實現(xiàn)國家效益和社會效益的最大化,促進中國政府采購健康發(fā)展。本人在蘇州市吳江區(qū)政府采購中心工作,希望通過這次的研究探討能夠找出蘇州市吳江區(qū)在開展政府采購監(jiān)督工作時存在的突出問題所在,并在此基礎(chǔ)上,針對此課題面臨的一些突出問題,提出用于強化政府采購監(jiān)督機制的有效策略,從而使該地區(qū)的人民政府采購工作逐漸走向健康化,正�；�,有序化的發(fā)展道路。 在政府采購中,監(jiān)督機制一直以來都是作為其中比較重要的一個組成成分,并且在實際的采購工作中扮演著比較重要的角色。而且,為了使政府采購工作越來越規(guī)范,我們必須要對此工作的監(jiān)督機制加以完善,這不僅僅是執(zhí)政為民的具體體現(xiàn),也是使此工作在市場經(jīng)濟條件下得到持續(xù),健康,快速發(fā)展的必由之路。開展對本課題的研究工作是有極其重要的意義的,其一是使我國在政府采購方面的法律法規(guī)中的漏洞能夠得以完善,形成一整套的政府采購監(jiān)督機制,全面監(jiān)管政府采購工作,從而充分發(fā)揮政府采購宏觀調(diào)控作用,形成公平、規(guī)范、有序的市場環(huán)境,彌補市場機制缺陷,促進市場資源優(yōu)化配置。二是完善政府采購監(jiān)督機制能夠有效地增加行賄者和受惠者的犯罪難度和成本,從而壓縮了濫用行政權(quán)力、尋租腐敗、侵害供應(yīng)商權(quán)益等行為的生存空間,保障政府采購在合法合理的區(qū)間內(nèi)健康運行。 基于公共支出管理理論、政府干預(yù)理論、尋租理論和委托代理理論,結(jié)合國內(nèi)外比較,以吳江區(qū)為個案,梳理、總結(jié)了中國政府采購過程及其各環(huán)節(jié)運行中監(jiān)督機制的特點和問題。就吳江區(qū)情況來看政府采購監(jiān)督機制存在的問題主要有：法律依據(jù)不充分,評審專家自由裁量權(quán)大,供應(yīng)商之間存在串標(biāo)陪標(biāo),缺少專業(yè)人才及供應(yīng)商質(zhì)疑不規(guī)范。造成這些問題的原因大體包括：政府采購監(jiān)督的法律法規(guī)不健全,管理與操作職能并未完全分離,政府采購監(jiān)督權(quán)力的行使不夠充分,作為政府的采購預(yù)算尤其是在監(jiān)管方面尚不夠健全,招投標(biāo)機制有待加強,采購物品的供貨商供應(yīng)商對待程序監(jiān)督還不信任,,專業(yè)政府的采購人才匱乏。在充分參閱發(fā)達國家政府在采購監(jiān)督方面的經(jīng)驗的基礎(chǔ)上,可以得到如下幾個方面的建議用以補充修繕我國的采購監(jiān)督制度的不足：第一,完善政府采購各項新法規(guī)、新制度并形成系統(tǒng)化體系,第二,分離管理的智能和操作職能,第三,加強對各監(jiān)督機關(guān)的權(quán)利監(jiān)管,第四,加強政府采購預(yù)算的監(jiān)督,第五,健全招投標(biāo)機制,第六,完善政府采購監(jiān)督救濟機制,第七,加強主管采購人員的素質(zhì)建設(shè),第八,建立電子政府采購。
[Abstract]:In China, the government procurement pilot work started officially in 1996 and has also appeared for nearly twenty years. In 2003, the government promulgated and implemented the "People's Republic of China government procurement law", which has a milestone significance for the government procurement work in China, because it announces the entry of Chinese government procurement. With the gradual implementation of the Chinese government's procurement system, with the gradual implementation of the Chinese government procurement system, great achievements have been made in the two levels of market and society. Although China has done a lot of work in promoting the healthy development of government procurement, there are still a series of problems and deficiencies, and the lack of supervision mechanism. In order to further promote public, fair and fair government procurement, improve the transparency of government procurement, create a "sunshine government", deepen the reform of public finance system, study the supervision mechanism of government procurement, improve the procurement law and relevant regulations of government departments, and ensure the control of government procurement activities in the relevant laws. Within the scope of the law, the government procurement activities are guaranteed to be carried out in order to maximize the national and social benefits and promote the healthy development of the Chinese government procurement. I work in the Wujiang district government procurement center in Suzhou. I hope that through this study, the government procurement supervision in Wujiang District of Suzhou city can be found. On the basis of this, on this basis, we put forward some effective strategies to strengthen the supervision mechanism of government procurement, and make the purchasing work of the people's Government in the region gradually towards a healthy, normal and orderly way of development.
In government procurement, the supervision mechanism has always been one of the most important components, and plays a more important role in the actual procurement work. In order to make the government procurement work more and more standardized, we must improve the supervision mechanism of this work, which is not just for the government for the people. It is also the only way to make the work sustained, healthy and rapid development under the market economy. It is of great significance to carry out the research work on this subject. One is that the loopholes in the laws and regulations of government procurement in our country can be finished, and a complete set of government procurement supervision mechanism is formed. Supervision of government procurement, so as to give full play to the macro-control role of government procurement, form a fair, standardized and orderly market environment, make up for the defects of the market mechanism and promote the optimal allocation of market resources. Two, the improvement of the government procurement supervision mechanism can effectively increase the difficulty and cost of the crime of briber and beneficiary, thus compressing the abuse of the bank. Government power, rent seeking corruption, infringement of supplier's rights and interests and other living spaces ensure the healthy operation of government procurement in a reasonable and reasonable range.
Based on the theory of public expenditure management, the theory of government intervention, the theory of rent-seeking and the theory of principal-agent, the characteristics and problems of the supervision mechanism in the process of government procurement and the operation of various links in Wujiang are summarized. The main problems of the government procurement supervision mechanism are as follows: in Wujiang District, the main problems are as follows: The legal basis of the legal basis is not sufficient, the judge's discretion is large, the supplier has the standard of conspiracy between the suppliers and the lack of professional personnel and suppliers. The reasons for these problems include: the laws and regulations of government procurement supervision are not sound, the management and operation functions are not completely separated, and the exercise of government procurement supervision power is not enough to be exercised. Fully, as the government procurement budget is not sound, especially in the supervision, the bidding mechanism needs to be strengthened, the suppliers of purchasing goods are not trusted with the procedure supervision, and the professional government's purchasing talent is scarce. On the basis of fully reading the experience of the developed countries in purchasing supervision, we can get the following Suggestions are used to supplement the deficiencies of our country's procurement supervision system: first, improve the new regulations of government procurement, the new system and the formation of a systematic system, second, the intelligence and operation functions of the separation management, third, strengthen the supervision of the rights of the various supervisory organs, fourth, strengthen the supervision of the government procurement budget, fifth, sound recruitment. Sixth, improve the supervision and relief mechanism of government procurement; seventhly, strengthen the quality of procurement personnel; eighthly, establish e-government procurement.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：西北農(nóng)林科技大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：F812.45

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