【摘要】：20世紀50年代美國在經(jīng)歷了工業(yè)化的“黃金時代”之后，工業(yè)在國民經(jīng)濟中的地位開始不斷下降。特別是國際金融危機后，美國感到其制造業(yè)的領先地位和競爭力受到嚴峻挑戰(zhàn)。為振興美國經(jīng)濟，美國提出了“再工業(yè)化”戰(zhàn)略，以期重新取得競爭優(yōu)勢，重振本土工業(yè)。美國的這一倡導，引起了國內(nèi)外學者對經(jīng)濟發(fā)展模式以及再工業(yè)的廣泛關注與討論。作為發(fā)達國家的代表，美國的再工業(yè)化已經(jīng)不是簡單地回歸傳統(tǒng)制造業(yè)，而是以信息化為先導，重視科技創(chuàng)新和人才戰(zhàn)略的高端制造業(yè)發(fā)展道路，使得制造業(yè)在成本、效率、技術等方面比以往更具創(chuàng)新力以及國際競爭力。 世界經(jīng)濟發(fā)展史告訴我們，世界大國，甚至一些中等國家，工業(yè)化是實現(xiàn)現(xiàn)代化不可逾越的重要階段。改革開放三十多年來，中國經(jīng)濟取得了長足發(fā)展，中國工業(yè)化也進入了一個新的更高的階段。但是，在取得巨大成果的同時，我們也不能忽視中國工業(yè)發(fā)展進程中存在的問題，，如科技創(chuàng)新能力低、生產(chǎn)效率低、環(huán)境污染嚴重等。經(jīng)濟增長方式的轉變也是我國需要重視的問題，所以對美國“再工業(yè)化”戰(zhàn)略加以關注是非常必要的，因為這一回歸策略將會對世界經(jīng)濟造成巨大的影響，尤其作為嚴重依賴外資、外需的中國,這種影響更是不可小覷。所以在此背景下，深挖美國再工業(yè)化的內(nèi)涵及其實質，分析這一戰(zhàn)略到底是美國經(jīng)濟的長期策略導向還只是其貿(mào)易保護主義的外衣，美國的再工業(yè)化戰(zhàn)略是否可行，是否能取得預期效果顯得尤為重要。 本文主要通過對發(fā)達國家再工業(yè)化的一般特征引申到對美國再工業(yè)概況的具體研究，并以此為基礎來探討美國再工業(yè)化的可行性，以及我國可以從美國再工業(yè)這一舉措中獲得怎樣的啟示與啟發(fā)，同時為我國工業(yè)發(fā)展提供政策建議。
文內(nèi)圖片：
圖片說明：790-1870年英美生鐵產(chǎn)量及占世界資本主義世界對比
[Abstract]:After the golden age of industrialization in the 1950 s, the position of industry in the national economy began to decline. Especially after the international financial crisis, the United States felt that its manufacturing leadership and competitiveness were severely challenged. In order to revitalize the American economy, the United States has put forward the strategy of "reindustrialization" in order to regain its competitive advantage and revitalize its local industry. This initiative in the United States has aroused widespread concern and discussion of economic development model and reindustry by scholars at home and abroad. As the representative of developed countries, the reindustrialization of the United States has not simply returned to the traditional manufacturing industry, but the high-end manufacturing industry development road, which takes informatization as the forerunner and attaches importance to scientific and technological innovation and talent strategy, which makes the manufacturing industry more innovative and internationally competitive in terms of cost, efficiency, technology and so on. The history of world economic development tells us that industrialization is an insurmountable stage in the realization of modernization in big countries in the world and even in some medium-sized countries. In the past 30 years of reform and opening up, China's economy has made great progress, and China's industrialization has entered a new and higher stage. However, while making great achievements, we can not ignore the problems existing in the process of industrial development in China, such as low scientific and technological innovation capacity, low production efficiency, serious environmental pollution and so on. The transformation of economic growth mode is also a problem that our country needs to pay attention to, so it is very necessary to pay attention to the "reindustrialization" strategy of the United States, because this return strategy will have a great impact on the world economy, especially in China, which is heavily dependent on foreign investment and foreign demand. Therefore, under this background, it is particularly important to dig deeply into the connotation and essence of American reindustrialization, and to analyze whether this strategy is the long-term strategic orientation of the American economy or only the cloak of its trade protectionism. Whether the American reindustrialization strategy is feasible and whether the expected results can be achieved is particularly important. This paper mainly extends the general characteristics of reindustrialization in developed countries to the specific study of the general situation of reindustry in the United States, and on this basis, discusses the feasibility of reindustrialization in the United States, as well as what enlightenment and inspiration China can obtain from the measure of reindustry in the United States, and at the same time provides policy suggestions for the development of industry in China.
【學位授予單位】：江西財經(jīng)大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：F471.2;F424

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