博弈與互惠—利川旅游社區(qū)參與理論的實證研究
發(fā)布時間：2018-12-29 15:21
【摘要】：旅游迅猛發(fā)展帶來巨大的經(jīng)濟效益和廣闊的發(fā)展前景,受到政府、企業(yè)、社區(qū)、學者等廣泛關注。本研究擬用社區(qū)理論實證探析利川旅游利益相關者之間的參與關系以及參與特征。本研究分為四個部分。第一部分為緒論,介紹研究背景與研究意義,提出本研究將要研究的內容,概括研究方法,對國內外相關研究進行述評,是本研究的理論基礎。第二部分介紹了利川旅游基本情況,筆者選取利川境內騰龍洞、大水井、龍船水鄉(xiāng)、佛寶山四個具有代表性的景區(qū)進行田野調查,綜合分析掌握的第一手資料,敘述每個景區(qū)的社區(qū)參與狀況,是本研究的案例支撐。騰龍洞景區(qū)收益較好。其中互惠表現(xiàn)為:隨著騰龍洞深層次開發(fā),景區(qū)為當?shù)鼐用裥藿斯?便捷了社區(qū)居民的出行;政府為企業(yè)提供服務,保證了景區(qū)正常經(jīng)營,相應景區(qū)的成功經(jīng)營,提升了利川知名度。博弈表現(xiàn)為:當?shù)厣鐓^(qū)居民愿意參與旅游分享成果,但由于各種因素,參與不夠;景區(qū)因成本因素不愿執(zhí)行政府的創(chuàng)A決策。大水井景區(qū)的社區(qū)參與狀況是不慍不火。周邊居民參與積極性高,但景區(qū)企業(yè)主動性不夠,參與的效果不好,分享的紅利較少,互惠表現(xiàn)不突出。利益博弈表現(xiàn)為:景區(qū)分配給相關旅游企業(yè)利潤不高,導致旅行社等關聯(lián)企業(yè)在安排旅游產(chǎn)品考慮景區(qū)較少,客源市場一直不景氣;景區(qū)的發(fā)展沒有達到政府預期目標,處于進退兩難的境地;景區(qū)與周邊居民存在土地糾紛問題。這些博弈阻礙了大水井景區(qū)的發(fā)展。龍船水鄉(xiāng)景區(qū)的矛盾比較集中。博弈特征明顯:景區(qū)與周邊居民矛盾突出;與政府關系不融洽;旅行社等關聯(lián)企業(yè)對景區(qū)評價不高。景區(qū)的發(fā)展給船工、導游等社區(qū)居民帶來了直接的經(jīng)濟收入。佛寶山漂流景區(qū)在正常營業(yè)期間,社區(qū)參與程度高,政府、企業(yè)、社區(qū)居民都能夠參與到旅游發(fā)展中,各自的利益都有較好的保障,然而景區(qū)因安全事故停業(yè),原有的社區(qū)參與狀況不再,進而演化出希望政府幫助企業(yè)走出難關。第三部分用社區(qū)參與的理論分析選取的四個案例,發(fā)現(xiàn)四個案例景區(qū)都存在著政府、企業(yè)、社區(qū)居民之間的利益共享與博弈,進而總結出利川旅游社區(qū)參與特征有兩類,一類是博弈型的社區(qū)參與,另一類是互惠型的社區(qū)參與,并分析了形成這種狀況的原因。第四部分是結論,針對目前利川社區(qū)參與旅游的現(xiàn)狀,從社區(qū)能力建設、政府的有限參與和企業(yè)主動作為三個方面提高社區(qū)參與效率,提出有效參與模式,希望能實現(xiàn)旅游參與主體之間的利益互惠,并延伸到利川其他景區(qū)。
[Abstract]:The rapid development of tourism has brought great economic benefits and broad development prospects, which has been widely concerned by the government, enterprises, communities, scholars and so on. This study intends to use community theory to analyze the participation relationship and characteristics of tourism stakeholders in Lichuan. This research is divided into four parts. The first part is the introduction, which introduces the background and significance of the research, puts forward the content of this study, summarizes the research methods, and reviews the relevant studies at home and abroad, which is the theoretical basis of this study. The second part introduces the basic situation of tourism in Lichuan. The author selects four representative scenic spots in Lichuan, such as Tenglong Cave, Big well, Dragon Boat Water Township, Fobao Mountain, to conduct field investigation, and analyze the first-hand data comprehensively. Describing the community participation of each scenic spot is the case support of this study. Tenglong Cave scenic area income is better. The reciprocity is: with the deep development of Tenglong Cave, the scenic spot has built the highway for the local residents, which is convenient for the residents of the community to travel; The government provides the service to the enterprise, guarantees the scenic spot normal operation, the corresponding scenic spot successfully manages, enhances the Lichuan popularity. The game shows that local community residents are willing to participate in tourism sharing results, but due to various factors, they are not enough to participate, and scenic spots are unwilling to carry out the government's decision to create A due to cost factors. The community participation in Daxi Scenic spot is not very hot. Residents around the high participation enthusiasm, but the scenic area enterprise initiative is not enough, the effect of participation is not good, share the dividend less, the performance of reciprocity is not outstanding. The benefit game is shown as: the profit of the scenic spots allocated to the related tourism enterprises is not high, which leads to the travel agencies and other related enterprises consider less scenic spots in the arrangement of tourism products, and the tourist market has been depressed; The development of scenic spot has not reached the expected goal of the government, and it is in a dilemma; there are land disputes between the scenic spot and the surrounding residents. These games hinder the development of Daxi scenic spot. Dragon boat water scenic areas of the contradictions are relatively concentrated. The game features are obvious: the contradiction between scenic spots and surrounding residents is prominent; the relationship with the government is not harmonious; travel agencies and other related enterprises to the scenic spot evaluation is not high. The development of scenic spot brings direct economic income to boatmen, tour guides and other community residents. During the normal operating period of the floating scenic spot in Fobao Mountain, the level of community participation is high. The government, enterprises, and community residents are all able to participate in the development of tourism, and their respective interests are better safeguarded. However, the scenic spots are closed down because of safety accidents. The original situation of community participation no longer, and then evolved to hope that the government to help enterprises out of difficulties. The third part uses the theory of community participation to analyze the four selected cases, found that there are four cases of scenic spots between the government, enterprises, community residents of the interests of the sharing and game, and then summed up the characteristics of tourism community participation in two types of Lichuan. One is the game type community participation, the other is the reciprocal community participation. The fourth part is the conclusion, according to the current situation of community participation in tourism, from the community capacity building, limited government participation and enterprise initiative as three aspects to improve the efficiency of community participation, put forward an effective participation model. We hope to realize the mutual benefit between tourism participants and extend to other scenic spots in Lichuan.
【學位授予單位】：湖北民族學院
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：F592.7
本文編號：2394991
[Abstract]:The rapid development of tourism has brought great economic benefits and broad development prospects, which has been widely concerned by the government, enterprises, communities, scholars and so on. This study intends to use community theory to analyze the participation relationship and characteristics of tourism stakeholders in Lichuan. This research is divided into four parts. The first part is the introduction, which introduces the background and significance of the research, puts forward the content of this study, summarizes the research methods, and reviews the relevant studies at home and abroad, which is the theoretical basis of this study. The second part introduces the basic situation of tourism in Lichuan. The author selects four representative scenic spots in Lichuan, such as Tenglong Cave, Big well, Dragon Boat Water Township, Fobao Mountain, to conduct field investigation, and analyze the first-hand data comprehensively. Describing the community participation of each scenic spot is the case support of this study. Tenglong Cave scenic area income is better. The reciprocity is: with the deep development of Tenglong Cave, the scenic spot has built the highway for the local residents, which is convenient for the residents of the community to travel; The government provides the service to the enterprise, guarantees the scenic spot normal operation, the corresponding scenic spot successfully manages, enhances the Lichuan popularity. The game shows that local community residents are willing to participate in tourism sharing results, but due to various factors, they are not enough to participate, and scenic spots are unwilling to carry out the government's decision to create A due to cost factors. The community participation in Daxi Scenic spot is not very hot. Residents around the high participation enthusiasm, but the scenic area enterprise initiative is not enough, the effect of participation is not good, share the dividend less, the performance of reciprocity is not outstanding. The benefit game is shown as: the profit of the scenic spots allocated to the related tourism enterprises is not high, which leads to the travel agencies and other related enterprises consider less scenic spots in the arrangement of tourism products, and the tourist market has been depressed; The development of scenic spot has not reached the expected goal of the government, and it is in a dilemma; there are land disputes between the scenic spot and the surrounding residents. These games hinder the development of Daxi scenic spot. Dragon boat water scenic areas of the contradictions are relatively concentrated. The game features are obvious: the contradiction between scenic spots and surrounding residents is prominent; the relationship with the government is not harmonious; travel agencies and other related enterprises to the scenic spot evaluation is not high. The development of scenic spot brings direct economic income to boatmen, tour guides and other community residents. During the normal operating period of the floating scenic spot in Fobao Mountain, the level of community participation is high. The government, enterprises, and community residents are all able to participate in the development of tourism, and their respective interests are better safeguarded. However, the scenic spots are closed down because of safety accidents. The original situation of community participation no longer, and then evolved to hope that the government to help enterprises out of difficulties. The third part uses the theory of community participation to analyze the four selected cases, found that there are four cases of scenic spots between the government, enterprises, community residents of the interests of the sharing and game, and then summed up the characteristics of tourism community participation in two types of Lichuan. One is the game type community participation, the other is the reciprocal community participation. The fourth part is the conclusion, according to the current situation of community participation in tourism, from the community capacity building, limited government participation and enterprise initiative as three aspects to improve the efficiency of community participation, put forward an effective participation model. We hope to realize the mutual benefit between tourism participants and extend to other scenic spots in Lichuan.
【學位授予單位】：湖北民族學院
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：F592.7
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